Exosomes secreted by cortical neurons upon glutamatergic synapse activation specifically interact with neurons
Abstract
Exosomes are nano‐sized vesicles of endocytic origin released into the extracellular space upon fusion of multivesicular bodies with the plasma membrane. Exosomes represent a novel mechanism of cell–cell communication allowing direct transfer of proteins, lipids and RNAs. In the nervous system, both glial and neuronal cells secrete exosomes in a way regulated by glutamate. It has been hypothesized that exosomes can be used for interneuronal communication implying that neuronal exosomes should bind to other neurons with some kind of specificity. Here, dissociated hippocampal cells were used to compare the specificity of binding of exosomes secreted by neuroblastoma cells to that of exosomes secreted by cortical neurons. We found that exosomes from neuroblastoma cells bind indiscriminately to neurons and glial cells and could be endocytosed preferentially by glial cells. In contrast, exosomes secreted from stimulated cortical neurons bound to and were endocytosed only by neurons. Thus, our results demonstrate for the first time that exosomes released upon synaptic activation do not bind to glial cells but selectively to other neurons suggesting that they can underlie a novel aspect of interneuronal communication.
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Release of neuronal exosomes can be upregulated by increased neural activity.
“As release of neuronal exosomes can be upregulated by increased neural activity32,54”
From Neurons secrete miR-132-containing exosomes to regulate brain vascular integrity (2017) · cites this paper as [32]
Neural activity may regulate brain vascular development and permeability through exosome release.
“neural activity may regulate the brain vascular development and permeability through exosome release.”
From Neurons secrete miR-132-containing exosomes to regulate brain vascular integrity (2017) · cites this paper as [32]
EV fusion allows direct retrieval of EV cargo in the cytosol of neurons, avoiding degradation in late endosome or lysosomes, where EVs may accumulate after endocytosis.
“EV fusion allows direct retrieval of EV cargo in the cytosol of neurons, avoiding degradation in late endosome or lysosomes, where EVs may accumulate after endocytosis [13, 26, 28].”
From Glia-to-neuron transfer of miRNAs via extracellular vesicles: a new mechanism underlying inflammation-induced synaptic alterations (2018) · cites this paper as [13]
Fusion of EVs with the neuron membrane is consistent with previous studies showing that EVs of microglia and neuron origin efficiently bind to the cell surface of neurons but are only rarely, if ever, internalized.
“Fusion of EVs with the neuron membrane is consistent with previous studies showing that EVs of microglia and neuron origin efficiently bind to the cell surface of neurons but are only rarely [13], if ever [29], internalized.”
From Glia-to-neuron transfer of miRNAs via extracellular vesicles: a new mechanism underlying inflammation-induced synaptic alterations (2018) · cites this paper as [13]
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“The removal of plasma membrane by ectocytosis is compensated by the fusion of MVBs as a compensatory exocytic process of preformed intracellular vesicles (Sadallah et al., 2011; Cocucci and Meldolesi, 2015).”
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- Authors
- Chivet, M., Javalet, C., Laulagnier, K., Blot, B., Hemming, F. J., & Sadoul, R.
- Venue
- Journal of Extracellular Vesicles
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-01
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 2001-3078
- PMC
- PMC4232649
- Cited by
- 307
- References
- 4
- Language
- en
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