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Cited by 438Muscle metabolism and nutritionMuscle Physiology and DisordersNutrition and Health in Aging

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Dietary Protein Distribution Positively Influences 24-h Muscle Protein Synthesis in Healthy Adults

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Mamerow, Madonna M., Mettler, Joni A., English, Kirk L., Casperson, Shanon L., Arentson-Lantz, Emily, Sheffield-Moore, Melinda, Layman, Donald K., Paddon-Jones, Douglas·2014·The Journal of Nutrition
DOI 10.3945/jn.113.185280PMC PMC4018950
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Abstract

The RDA for protein describes the quantity that should be consumed daily to meet population needs and to prevent deficiency. Protein consumption in many countries exceeds the RDA; however, intake is often skewed toward the evening meal, whereas breakfast is typically carbohydrate rich and low in protein. We examined the effects of protein distribution on 24-h skeletal muscle protein synthesis in healthy adult men and women (n = 8; age: 36.9 ± 3.1 y; BMI: 25.7 ± 0.8 kg/m2). By using a 7-d crossover feeding design with a 30-d washout period, we measured changes in muscle protein synthesis in response to isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets with protein at breakfast, lunch, and dinner distributed evenly (EVEN; 31.5 ± 1.3, 29.9 ± 1.6, and 32.7 ± 1.6 g protein, respectively) or skewed (SKEW; 10.7 ± 0.8, 16.0 ± 0.5, and 63.4 ± 3.7 g protein, respectively). Over 24-h periods on days 1 and 7, venous blood samples and vastus lateralis muscle biopsy samples were obtained during primed (2.0 μmol/kg) constant infusion [0.06 μmol/(kg⋅min)] of l-[ring-13C6]phenylalanine. The 24-h mixed muscle protein fractional synthesis rate was 25% higher in the EVEN (0.075 ± 0.006%/h) vs. the SKEW (0.056 ± 0.006%/h) protein distribution groups (P = 0.003). This pattern was maintained after 7 d of habituation to each diet (EVEN vs. SKEW: 0.077 ± 0.006 vs. 0.056 ± 0.006%/h; P = 0.001). The consumption of a moderate amount of protein at each meal stimulated 24-h muscle protein synthesis more effectively than skewing protein intake toward the evening meal.

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Metadata

Authors
Mamerow, M. M., Mettler, J. A., English, K. L., Casperson, S. L., Arentson-Lantz, E., Sheffield-Moore, M., Layman, D. K., & Paddon-Jones, D.
Affiliations
  • The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (US)
  • University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Nutrition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-06
Volume
144
Issue
6
Pages
876-880
ISSN
0022-3166 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3945/jn.113.185280
PMC
PMC4018950
OpenAlex
W2118131565
Semantic Scholar
705b036b0a8f54749584f50d1f453aedb519aa9f
Cited by
438
References
31
Citations by year
2026: 31 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 15
FWCI
20.42
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • University of Texas Medical Branch (UL1TR000071)
  • National Center for Research Resources (P30 AG024832)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
Keywords
meal timing, skeletal muscle protein synthesis, protein intake, phenylalanine tracer, protein requirements
MeSH terms
Adult, Energy Intake, Diet, Dietary Carbohydrates, Dietary Proteins, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Muscle Proteins, Phenylalanine, Tissue Distribution, Body Mass Index, Cross-Over Studies, Quadriceps Muscle, Meals, Healthy Volunteers

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