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Depletion of NK Cells Improves Cognitive Function in the Alzheimer Disease Mouse Model
Open accessAbstract
Despite mounting evidence suggesting the involvement of the immune system in regulating brain function, the specific role of immune and inflammatory cells in neurodegenerative diseases remain poorly understood. In this study, we report that depletion of NK cells, a type of innate lymphocytes, alleviates neuroinflammation, stimulates neurogenesis, and improves cognitive function in a triple-transgenic Alzheimer disease (AD) mouse model. NK cells in the brains of triple-transgenic AD mouse model (3xTg-AD) mice exhibited an enhanced proinflammatory profile. Depletion of NK cells by anti-NK1.1 Abs drastically improved cognitive function of 3xTg-AD mice. NK cell depletion did not affect amyloid β concentrations but enhanced neurogenesis and reduced neuroinflammation. Notably, in 3xTg-AD mice depleted of NK cells, microglia demonstrated a homeostatic-like morphology, decreased proliferative response and reduced expression of neurodestructive proinflammatory cytokines. Together, our results suggest a proinflammatory role for NK cells in 3xTg-AD mice and indicate that targeting NK cells might unlock novel strategies to combat AD.
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“Such discrepancies may stem from differences in experimental models, including differences in NK cell deficiency which could contribute to the divergent outcomes observed [111].”
From Is there a role for B cells in Alzheimer's disease? (2026) · cites this paper as [111]
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ResultSelf-citationShi, M., Chu, F., Zhu, F., & Zhu, J. (2024) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-023-03003-5 · Cited by 52
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BackgroundMicroglia: The Hub of Intercellular Communication in Ischemic Stroke
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“Although a few studies have suggested the involvement of NK cells in AD patients and mouse models (20, 21), it is still early to conclude the precise impact of NK cells on the initiation and progression of AD pathology.”
BackgroundSelf-citationD’Souza, S. S., Zhang, Y., Bailey, J. T., Fung, I. T. H., Kuentzel, M. L., Chittur, S. V., & Yang, Q. (2021) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.13470 · Cited by 32
“…monocytes and Ly6G+ neutrophils were sorted by FACS. scRNA- seq was performed as we previously described (Fung et al., 2020; Harly et al., 2019; Zhang et al., 2020). scRNA- seq libraries were generated using the chromium 5’ single- cell gene expression kit (10x genomics) according to the…”
MethodSelf-citationNatural killer cells in aging and age-related diseases
Qi, C., & Liu, Q. (2023) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106156 · Cited by 41
“…can alleviate neuroinflammation, loss of neural progenitors and cognitive deficits in triple transgenic (3 × Tg-AD) mice, although the Aβ deposits were not significantly altered, (Zhang et al., 2020) suggesting a detrimental role of NK cells in CNS inflammation and neurodegeneration in AD (Fig.”
BackgroundNatural killer cells in the central nervous system
Ning, Z., Liu, Y., Guo, D., Lin, W., & Tang, Y. (2023) · Cell Communication and Signaling · doi:10.1186/s12964-023-01324-9 · Cited by 41
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BackgroundThe effects of loss of Y chromosome on male health
Bruhn‐Olszewska, B., Markljung, E., Rychlicka-Buniowska, E., Sarkisyan, D., Filipowicz, N. H., & Dumanski, J. P. (2025) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41576-024-00805-y · Cited by 37
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Alzheimer’s Disease: From Pathogenesis to Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy – Bridging the Missing Link
Hu, J., & Wang, X. (2022) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2021.811852 · Cited by 42
Tissue-Dependent Adaptations and Functions of Innate Lymphoid Cells
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“NK cells exhibited altered expression profiles in the disease model, with higher expression of Icam1, Ctsb, Ctsc, Ccl3 and Ccl4 (56).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe role of CD56bright NK cells in neurodegenerative disorders
Rodriguez-Mogeda, C., van Ansenwoude, C. M. J., van der Molen, L. H., Strijbis, E. M. M., Mebius, R. E., & de Vries, H. E. (2024) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-024-03040-8 · Cited by 39
“Recent research has demonstrated the presence of NK cells in the brains of AD patients, especially in the lep-tomeninges and CSF, and a few studies have described their presence in AD mouse models [105, 185, 188, 189].”
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“In transgenic AD mouse models, depletion of NK cells could enhance neurogenesis, reduce neuroinflammation, and improve cognitive function, indicating that targeting NK cells might unlock novel strategies to combat AD (Zhang et al., 2020).”
BackgroundInnate and Innate-like Effector Lymphocytes in Health and Disease
Kaer, L. V., Postoak, J. L., Song, W., & Wu, L. (2022) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.2200074 · Cited by 32
Qian, X., Liu, X., Chen, S., & Tang, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.986346 · Cited by 33
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Butovsky, O., Rosenzweig, N., Kleemann, K. L., Jorfi, M., Kuchroo, V. K., Tanzi, R. E., & Weiner, H. L. (2025) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-025-00997-0 · Cited by 41
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New Insights and Implications of Natural Killer Cells in Parkinson’s Disease
Menees, K. B., & Lee, J. (2022) · Journal of Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.3233/jpd-223212 · Cited by 26
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Self-citationSingle-cell RNA sequencing of CSF reveals neuroprotective RAC1+ NK cells in Parkinson’s disease
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“In a triple transgenic mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD), NK cells exhibit an enhanced pro-inflammatory profile, and antibody-mediated depletion of NK cells in these transgenic mice improves cognitive functions by enhancing neurogenesis and reducing neuroinflammation without affecting the levels of amyloid beta (21).”
BackgroundImmune Modulation in Alzheimer’s Disease: From Pathogenesis to Immunotherapy
Balkhi, S., Spirito, A. D., Poggi, A. D., & Mortara, L. (2025) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells14040264 · Cited by 21
“Furthermore, in mouse models, NK cells exacerbate neuroinflammation and cognitive decline, while anti-NK cell treatment improves cognitive function and mitigates neuroinflammation, indicating a detrimental impact of NK cells in AD [91].”
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The therapeutic potential of natural killer cells in neuropathic pain
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“2, and our findings implicating CX3CR1 expression not only in NC monocytes but also in NK cells as a candidate peripheral biomarker of familial tauopathy is complemented by recent research suggesting an important yet previously unappreciated role for NK cells in a mouse model of AD [96].”
BackgroundTian, S. L., Ye, T., & Cheng, X. (2023) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114505 · Cited by 21
Álvarez‐Sánchez, E., Carbayo, Á., Valle‐Tamayo, N., Muñoz, L., Aumatell, J., Torres, S., Rubio‐Guerra, S., Castro, J. G., Selma‐González, J., Alcolea, D. A., et al. (2025) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-025-03347-0 · Cited by 15
“Until now, all studies have focused on blocking the whole population of NK cells or targeting the major population of CD56 dim NK cells, leading to conflicting findings in ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases [29–31, 37, 38].”
Lian, P., Cai, X., Yang, X., Ma, Z., Wang, C., Liu, P., Wu, Y., Cao, X., & Xu, Y. (2024) · APOPTOSIS · doi:10.1007/s10495-024-01943-8 · Cited by 15
“Depletion of NK cells in transgenic AD mouse models enhanced neurogenesis, reduced inflammation, and improved cognitive function [46].”
Peripheral Immune Cells Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Zhang, H., Cao, F., Zhou, Y., Wu, B., & Li, C. (2024) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-024-04266-6 · Cited by 18
“1 antibody consumption of NK cells enhances neurogenesis, reduces neuroinflammation, and improves cognitive impairment in 3×Tg-AD mice [9].”
Fernando, N., Gopalakrishnan, J., Behensky, A. A., Reich, L. N., Liu, C., Bass, V., Bono, M., Montgomery, W., Pace, R. D., Mattapallil, M. J., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.03.18.533293 · Cited by 15
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“…NK cell depletion can alleviate neu - roinflammation, loss of neural progenitors and cognitive deficits in triple transgenic (3 × Tg-AD) mice, although the Aβ deposits were not significantly altered [67], suggesting an inhibitory role of NK cells in CNS inflammation and neurodegeneration in AD.”
Davis, C. M., Zhang, W. H., Bah, T. M., Roese, N. E., Allen, E. M., Leung, P., Boutros, S. W., Marzulla, T., Patel, E. M., Nie, X. J., et al. (2022) · npj Aging · doi:10.1038/s41514-022-00090-1 · Cited by 14
“When normalized to brain volume, ventricle size was significantly larger in Tie2hsEH than WT mice (F (1, 22) 9.”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe role of peripheral innate immune cells in Alzheimer’s disease progression
Cao, Y., Tang, K., Ma, P., Zhang, R., Yang, Y., Li, T., Zhang, Y., & Peng, X. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1616939 · Cited by 15
Self-citationDiagnostic Model for Alzheimer’s Disease Based on PANoptosis-Related Genes
Zhang, E., Dai, F., Chen, T., Tao, L., & Shen, X. (2023) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-231103 · Cited by 13
“Patients with low PANscore showed higher density of T cells CD8 + , Tfh, activated NK cells, and eosinophils infiltration, all of which are involved in the progression of AD [50, 51].”
Innate lymphoid cells in neuroinflammation
Kveštak, D., Mihalić, A., Jonjić, S., & Brizić, I. (2024) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2024.1364485 · Cited by 14
“In addition to autoimmune neuroinflammation, group 1 ILCs are involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (Garofalo et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2020).”
BackgroundInfluentialRelationship between circadian genes and memory impairment caused by sleep deprivation
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“In AD, eliminating NK cells enhances neurogenesis and reduces neuroinflammation, improving cognitive function in mice ( Zhang et al., 2020 ).”
Hu, D., Mo, X., Jihang, L., Huang, C. B., Xie, H., & Jin, L. (2023) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.205084 · Cited by 12
“NK cell depletion does not significantly affect the concentration of beta-amyloid proteins but enhances neurogenesis and reduces neuroinflammation [17].”
BackgroundApproaches for studying neuroimmune interactions in Alzheimer’s disease
Lin, C., Tian, Y., Tanzi, R. E., & Jorfi, M. (2024) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2024.10.002 · Cited by 11
Size matters: the impact of nucleus size on results from spatial transcriptomics
Mohammadi, E., Chojnowska, K., Bieńkowski, M., Kostecka, A., Koczkowska, M., Zmijewski, M. A., Jąkalski, M., Ingelsson, M., Filipowicz, N. H., Olszewski, P., et al. (2023) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-023-04129-z · Cited by 9
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“Studies have indicated that reducing NK cells can markedly decrease neuroin-flammation, promote neurogenesis, and ameliorate cognitive impairment [66].”
Afrakoti, L. G. M. P., Moghadam, S. D., & Hadinezhad, P. (2025) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease Reports · doi:10.1177/25424823251329188 · Cited by 12
“121 125 Interestingly, LFA-1 de fi ciency protects against memory loss and neuroin fl ammation.”
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“Interestingly, NK cells are demonstrated to exhibit a pro-inflammatory profile in 3xTg-AD mice [11], while some evidence suggests that NK cells exhibit neuroprotective effects in some situations [12, 13].”
Ying, C., & Lin, F. (2025) · NeuroImmunoModulation · doi:10.1159/000548491 · Cited by 6
“…NK cell depletion improved cognitive function in neurodegenerative models, highlighting their potential detrimental role in cognitive dysfunction [45]. iNKT cells, characterized by their invariant TCR (Vα24-Jα18 in humans), bridge innate and adaptive immunity through rapid cytokine production…”
Experimental procedures for flow cytometry of wild-type mouse brain: a systematic review
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“Increased infiltration of peripheral NK cells has been observed in the brains of AD patients and AD mouse models [46, 47].”
The association of microbial infection and adaptive immune cell activation in Alzheimer’s disease
Clement, M. (2023) · Discovery Immunology · doi:10.1093/discim/kyad015 · Cited by 6
“This depletion of NK cells was also associated with a decrease in microglial proliferative capacity and rescued inflammatory cytokine production [59].”
BackgroundIba, M., Kwon, S., Kim, C., Szabo, M. P., Horan-Portelance, L., Lopez-Ocasio, M. D., Dagur, P. K., Overk, C., Rissman, R. A., & Masliah, E. (2024) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-024-03087-7 · Cited by 7
“1) decreased neuroinflammation and behavioral decline without affecting levels of Amyloid beta pathology [50].”
BackgroundZhang, Y., Ding, S., Cao, M., Zhang, S., Li, Y., Wang, Z., Jin, Y.-X., Chen, S., Wang, Y.-M., Marshall, C., et al. (2025) · Acta Pharmacologica Sinica · doi:10.1038/s41401-025-01667-8 · Cited by 8
“Increasing evidence indicates that multiple immune cell types are involved in the pathogenesis of AD [6, 61, 62].”
Self-citationAdvancements in Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Research for Neurological Diseases
Yang, B., Hu, S., Jiang, Y., Xu, L., Shu, S., & Zhang, H. (2024) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-024-04126-3 · Cited by 6
“…cytotoxicity, which can rapidly induce the secretion of cytotoxic molecules and inflammatory cytokines such as cathepsins, granzymes, perforins, TNFα, and IFNγ, further destroy cells and participate in neuroinflammation, which may be related to the occurrence and development mechanism of AD [141].”
Fohner, A. E., Sitlani, C. M., Bůžková, P., Doyle, M. F., Liu, X., Bis, J. C., Fitzpatrick, A. L., Heckbert, S. R., Huber, S. A., Kuller, L. H., et al. (2022) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-220091 · Cited by 5
“For example, higher circulating proportions of natural killer (NK) cells were apparent before AD onset and the depletion of NK cells improved cognitive function in mice [19].”
BackgroundInteraction Between Innate Lymphoid Cells and the Nervous System
Zhang, Y., Grazda, R., & Yang, Q. (2022) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-8387-9_9 · Cited by 5
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“For single cell RNA sequencing, CD4 and CD8 T cells were sorted from the meninges and choroid plexus of young and aged mice by fl ow cytometry analysis. scRNA-seq was performed as we previously described (11, 25, 27).”
Self-citationBringing natural killer cells to the clinic: Opportunities beyond cancer
Cayatte, M., Picant, V., Vétizou, M., & Vivier, É. (2025) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20250612 · Cited by 6
Song, G., Wu, H., Chen, H., Zhang, S., Hu, Q., Lai, H., Fuller, C., Yang, G., & Chi, H. (2024) · Current Alzheimer Research · doi:10.2174/0115672050314171240527064514 · Cited by 4
Mechanobiological Specialization of Choroid Plexus Macrophages Defined by Titin ExpressionPreprint
Bhatta, S., Grzybowski, A., Ortiz, G., & DiStasio, M. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.01.20.700716 · Cited by 6
“A disease-associated TTN program emerges in Alzheimer’s disease Alzheimer’s dis-271 ease (AD) is increasingly recognized as a disorder involving complex neuroimmune imbal-272 ances 13 , 44 , 45 , 46 .”
Wei, H., Wu, C., Yuan, Y., & Lai, L. (2023) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2023.1249682 · Cited by 3
“Likewise, NK cells were found to contribute to neuroinflammation and AD-associated cognitive decline (Zhang et al., 2020), suggesting that targeting the innate immune cells might be novel avenues for the treatment of AD (Dubois et al.”
BackgroundMAIT cell deficiency exacerbates neuroinflammation in P301S human tau transgenic mice
Zhang, Y., Yang, Z., Jiang, N., Tan, X., Jiang, P., Cao, G., & Yang, Q. (2025) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-025-03413-7 · Cited by 3
Self-citationNatural killer cell immunotherapies beyond cancer
Guo, X., Chen, S., Wang, R., Ma, S., & Li, N. (2025) · Cell investigation. · doi:10.1016/j.clnves.2025.100048 · Cited by 4
Dinh, Q. N., Lo, C., Zhang, D. E. W., Tran, V., Hughes, T. A. G., Georgia-Sherriff, A., Diep, H., Kim, H. A., Zhang, S. R., Arce, L. J. B., et al. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-52214-0 · Cited by 4
MousiPLIER: A Mouse Pathway-Level Information Extractor Model
Zhang, S., Heil, B. J., Mao, W., Chikina, M. D., Greene, C. S., & Heller, E. A. (2024) · eNeuro · doi:10.1523/eneuro.0313-23.2024 · Cited by 3
Natural Killer Cells in Alzheimer's Disease: From Foe to Friend
Kostić, M. S., Živković, N., Cvetanović, A., Bašić, J., & Stojanović, I. R. (2025) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.70096 · Cited by 3
“In addition to reduced neuroinflammation, NK cell-depleted 3xTg-AD mice also displayed increased neurogenesis in the subventricular zone and hippocampal dentate gyrus and accordingly performed better on spatial memory tests compared to control 3xTg-AD mice (Zhang et al. 2020).”
InfluentialZhang, Y., Wu, J., You, G., Guo, W., Wang, Y., Yu, Z., Geng, Y., Zhong, Q., Zan, J., & Zheng, L. (2023) · Journal of Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.31083/j.jin2206138 · Cited by 4
“Considering that immune cell infiltration is associated with cognition and AD pathology [25,26], we then analyzed different immune cell populations identified between AD patients and healthy control from GSE33000.”
BackgroundSelf-citationGizowski, C., Popova, G., Shin, H., Mader, M. M.-D., Craft, W., Kong, W., Shibuya, Y., Wranik, B. J., Fu, Y. H. H., Depp, C., et al. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.1101/2025.09.02.673859 · Cited by 4
Cai, Y., Huang, G., Ren, M., Chai, Y., Fu, Y., Yan, T., & Zhu, L. (2025) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s499343 · Cited by 2
Yang, H., You, X., Yue, C., Yu, X., Yue, X., Zheng, X., Yan, X., Li, J., Bi, J., Zhang, L., et al. (2025) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.1177/13872877251390553 · Cited by 3
Zhou, S., Xu, L., Dong, J., Zhang, X., Gao, W., Luo, H., & Fang, X. (2026) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.70249 · Cited by 2
“However, NK cell depletion alleviated cognitive deficits without affecting Aβ deposition (Zhang, Fung, et al. 2020) (Figure 4).”
Song, J. (2022) · Clinical Nutrition Research · doi:10.7762/cnr.2022.11.3.159 · Cited by 2
“Several studies have mentioned that AD brain tissue shows greater activation of immune cells, such as natural killer cells [57,58], and elevated leukocyte infiltration and trafficking [59], leading to memory loss [60].”
BackgroundChen, X., Hu, F., Chi, Q., & Rao, C. (2024) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.1177/13872877241295316 · Cited by 2
“7 Although studies suggested that NK cell impacted cognitive functions and AD progression, related research remains relatively limited needs further exploration.”
Self-citationBiomarkers for Neurodegenerative Diseases
Abdelmoaty, M. M., Lu, E., & Foster, E. G. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-68237-7_44 · Cited by 2
Farris, T., Ochoa, S. G., Mohammed, M. A., Rajakaruna, H., Tonello, J. M., Kanagasabai, T., Korolkova, O. Y., Shimamoto, A., Ivanova, A. V., & Shanker, A. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25137406 · Cited by 1
“On the contrary, the depletion of these reactive populations led to improved cognitive function by reducing inflammation [100,101].”
BackgroundZhang, H., Hamit, D., Li, Q., Hu, X., Li, S.-F., Xu, F., Wang, M., Bao, G.-Q., & Li, H. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-80755-x · Cited by 1
“Moreover, reduced NK cell levels improve neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in a mouse model of AD 114 .”
Identification of GABBR2 as a diagnostic marker and its association with Aβ in Alzheimer's disease
Li, H., Fan, Y., Chen, C., Xu, Y., Wang, X., & Liu, W. (2025) · Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102035 · Cited by 1
“Depletion of NK cells improved memory deficiency in 3xTg AD transgenic mice [45].”
White Blood Cells in Neurodegenerative Diseases in the Context of Neuroinflammation
Wełnicka, A., & Gołąb-Janowska, M. (2025) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-025-05476-2 · Cited by 1
“Treatment with anti‑NK antibodies resulted in enhanced neurogenesis [72].”
Hospital-treated infection associated with Alzheimer’s disease pathology: underlying mechanisms
Barichello, T., Scaini, G., Tayyab, M., Dal-Pizzol, H. R., Petronilho, F. C., & Dal‐Pizzol, F. (2026) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-026-03690-5 · Cited by 1
“In preclinical studies, the depletion of natural killer (NK) cells improved cognitive function, and microglial cells demonstrated a homeostatic-like morphology in a triple-transgenic AD mouse model (3xTg-AD) [83].”
Is amyloid beta peptide a driver of inflammaging?
Kechko, O. I., Moskalev, A. A., Franceschi, C., Mitkevich, V. A., & Makarov, A. А. (2026) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2026.103280 · Cited by 1
(2022) · Journal of Medical Case Reports and Case Series · doi:10.38207/jmcrcs/2022/jan030101
Is there a role for B cells in Alzheimer's disease?
Charavner, E.-L., Fillatreau, S., & El Behi, M. (2026) · Cellular Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.cellimm.2026.105154
Size matters - the impact of nucleus size on results from spatial transcriptomicsPreprint
Mohammadi, E., Chojnowska, K., Bieńkowski, M., Kostecka, A., Koczkowska, M., Zmijewski, M. A., Jąkalski, M., Ingelsson, M., Filipowicz, N. H., Olszewski, P., et al. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.03.31.486657
Size Matters - The Impact of Nucleus Size on Results From Spatial TranscriptomicsPreprint
Mohammadi, E., Chojnowska, K., Bieńkowski, M., Kostecka, A., Koczkowska, M., Zmijewski, M. A., Jąkalski, M., Ingelsson, M., Filipowicz, N. H., Olszewski, P., et al. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4102623
Sirkis, D. W., Solsberg, C. W., Johnson, T. P., Bonham, L. W., Sturm, V. E., Lee, S. E., Rankin, K. P., Rosen, H. J., Boxer, A. L., Seeley, W. W., et al. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.10.28.514304
Identification and validation of PANoptosis-related genes in Alzheimer's disease
Zhou, W., Lin, H., Huang, X., & Zhou, X. (2025) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.1177/13872877251396927
“58,59 In addition to Th17 cells, studies on A β pathological model mice and AD patients found signi fi cant increases in a large number of other peripheral innate immune cells in the CNS, including macrophages, natural killer cells and neutrophils, 60 – 62 consistent with our fi ndings.”
Mohammadi, E., Chojnowska, K., Bieńkowski, M., Kostecka, A., Koczkowska, M., Zmijewski, M. A., Jąkalski, M., Ingelsson, M., Filipowicz, N. H., Olszewski, P., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22671449
Mohammadi, E., Chojnowska, K., Bieńkowski, M., Kostecka, A., Koczkowska, M., Żmijewski, M. A., Jąkalski, M., Ingelsson, M., Filipowicz, N. H., Olszewski, P., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22671455
Mohammadi, E., Chojnowska, K., Bieńkowski, M., Kostecka, A., Koczkowska, M., Żmijewski, M. A., Jąkalski, M., Ingelsson, M., Filipowicz, N. H., Olszewski, P., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22671452
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, Y., Fung, I. T. H., Sankar, P., Chen, X., Robison, L. S., Ye, L., D’Souza, S. S., Salinero, A. E., Kuentzel, M. L., Chittur, S. V., Zhang, W., Zuloaga, K. L., & Yang, Q.
- Affiliations
- Albany Medical College (US)
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College , Albany, NY 12208
- University at Albany, State University of New York (US)
- Corresponding author
- Zhang, Yuanyue
- Sankar, Poornima
- Chen, Xiangyu
- Yang, Qi
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2020-07
- Volume
- 205
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 502-510
- ISSN
- 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-6606
- PMC
- PMC7343613
- OpenAlex
- W3033144109
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 6
- FWCI
- 5.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01HL137813, R01AG057782, R01NS110749)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- natural killer cells, Alzheimer's disease, neuroinflammation, neurogenesis, cognitive function, microglia, innate lymphoid cells, inflammatory cytokines, amyloid-beta, neurodegeneration
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Antibodies, Antigens, Ly, Cognition, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Killer Cells, Natural, Lymphocyte Depletion, Mice, Transgenic, Apoptosis, Neurogenic Inflammation, Recovery of Function, Mice, Neurogenesis, NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily B
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