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Social Networks and Organizations
Abstract
This book is a straight forward and simple guide to understanding the theory of network analysis. In offering comprehensive review of the literature in light of the use of Social Network Analysis, Kilduff et. al offer a clean and succinct analysis of various network measures as a tool for better understanding organizations. In particular, the book is especially adept in pointing out how measures of social network analysis have commonly been misused and how such measures need to be framed within a study to produce a meaningful results.
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“Also, social network ties are perforce, limited. This is because creating and maintaining social ties takes resources, such as time and cognitive load (Kilduff and Tsai 2003).”
From Enterprise System Implementation and Employee Job Performance: Understanding the Role of Advice Networks1 (2014) · cites this paper as Kilduff and Tsai 2003
In the citing paper
“we see social identification, the primary mechanism through which the processes enumerated in the foregoing sections operate, as foundational to all three forms of SC (cf.Ibarra et al. 2005;Kilduff and Cor-ley 1999;Kilduff and Tsai 2003;Tsai and Ghoshal 1998).”
From The Negative Effects of Social Capital in Organizations: A Review and Extension (2017) · cites this paper as Kilduff and Tsai 2003
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Modes of Network Governance: Structure, Management, and Effectiveness
Provan, K. G., & Kenis, P. (2007) · Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory · doi:10.1093/jopart/mum015 · Cited by 4,006
What's the difference? diversity constructs as separation, variety, or disparity in organizations
Harrison, D. A., & Klein, K. J. (2007) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2007.26586096 · Cited by 3,297
TAKING STOCK OF NETWORKS AND ORGANIZATIONS: A MULTILEVEL PERSPECTIVE.
Brass, D. J., Galaskiewicz, J. J., Greve, H. R., & Tsai, W. (2004) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/20159624 · Cited by 2,611
Self-citationRelational leadership theory: exploring the social processes of leadership and organizing
Uhl-Bien, M. (2006) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.10.007 · Cited by 1,973
“, social capital); and the structural patterning of social life (Kilduff and Tsai, 2003).”
BackgroundInfluentialProvan, K. G., Fish, A., & Sydow, J. (2007) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206307302554 · Cited by 1,729
Abusive Supervision in Work Organizations: Review, Synthesis, and Research Agenda
Tepper, B. J. (2007) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206307300812 · Cited by 1,698
From creativity to innovation: The social network drivers of the four phases of the idea journey
Perry-Smith, J. E., & Mannucci, P. V. (2017) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2014.0462 · Cited by 1,121
External Networking and Internal Firm Governance
Fracassi, C., & Tate, G. A. (2012) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.2011.01706.x · Cited by 1,030
Balkundi, P., & Harrison, D. A. (2006) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2006.20785500 · Cited by 941
“Although there might be formal coordination mechanisms to help facilitate inter-group resource exchange (Thompson, 1967), informal ties between teams can be sources of key resources such as knowledge and personnel exchange (Kilduff & Tsai, 2003).”
BackgroundInfluentialCovin, J. G., & Miller, D. (2013) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1111/etap.12027 · Cited by 835
Organizational Social Network Research:Core Ideas and Key Debates
Kilduff, M. J., & Brass, D. J. (2010) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.1080/19416520.2010.494827 · Cited by 802
“The network perspective has been extended (and perhaps changed) in both micro directions, emphasizing cognitive and personality perspectives (eg, Kilduff & Tsai, 2003 ), and macro directions, emphasizing very large network configuration and evolution (eg, Powell, White, Koput, & Owen‐Smith, 2005 ).”
BackgroundSelf-citationSocial Network Analysis: Foundations and Frontiers on Advantage
Burt, R. S., Kilduff, M. J., & Tasselli, S. (2013) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143828 · Cited by 749
Self-citationThe elephant in the room of dynamic capabilities: Bringing two diverging conversations together
Peteraf, M. A., Stefano, G. D., & Verona, G. (2013) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.2078 · Cited by 778
Ansari, S. S., Munir, K., & Gregg, T. (2012) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.2012.01042.x · Cited by 615
Nexus Work: Brokerage on Creative Projects
Lingo, E. L., & O'Mahony, S. C. (2009) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2189/asqu.2010.55.1.47 · Cited by 629
“positive relations ( Kilduff and Tsai, 2003; Ibarra, et al., 2005).”
BackgroundDistributed leadership in teams: The network of leadership perceptions and team performance
Mehra, A., Smith, B. R., Dixon, A. L., & Robertson, B. (2006) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.02.003 · Cited by 606
Rethinking relational economic geography
Yeung, H. W. (2005) · Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers · doi:10.1111/j.1475-5661.2005.00150.x · Cited by 604
The ties that lead: A social network approach to leadership
Balkundi, P., & Kilduff, M. J. (2005) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.09.004 · Cited by 605
Self-citationA Meta-Analysis of Different Forms of Shared Leadership–Team Performance Relations
D’Innocenzo, L., Mathieu, J. E., & Kukenberger, M. R. (2014) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206314525205 · Cited by 599
“While there is no overarching theory of social networks, scholars in this area focus on two basic concepts: the structure and the number of dyadic ties (Kilduff & Tsai, 2003).”
BackgroundCompetitive Dynamics: Themes, Trends, and a Prospective Research Platform
Chen, M., & Miller, D. (2012) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.5465/19416520.2012.660762 · Cited by 560
Entrepreneurship Research on Network Processes: A Review and Ways Forward
Slotte–Kock, S., & Coviello, N. E. (2009) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00311.x · Cited by 508
The Social Network Ties of Group Leaders: Implications for Group Performance and Leader Reputation
Mehra, A., Dixon, A. L., Brass, D. J., & Robertson, B. (2006) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.1050.0158 · Cited by 498
Corporate Finance Policies and Social Networks
Fracassi, C. (2016) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.2016.2433 · Cited by 485
Six Provocations for Big DataPreprint
Boyd, D., & Crawford, K. (2011) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1926431 · Cited by 491
Organizing Far from Equilibrium: Nonlinear Change in Organizational Fields
Meyer, A. D., Gaba, V., & Colwell, K. A. (2005) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.1050.0135 · Cited by 485
Social Capital and Entrepreneurship: A Schema and Research Agenda
Gedajlovic, E. R., Honig, B., Moore, C. B., Payne, G. T., & Wright, M. (2013) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1111/etap.12042 · Cited by 475
The Spatial Evolution of Innovation Networks: A Proximity Perspective
Boschma, R. A., & Frenken, K. (2010) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781849806497.00012 · Cited by 467
Clearing a Path Through the Forest: A Meta-Review of Interorganizational Relationships
Parmigiani, A., & Rivera‐Santos, M. (2011) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206311407507 · Cited by 481
Beckert, J. (2010) · Organization Studies · doi:10.1177/0170840610372184 · Cited by 472
Economic geography and the evolution of networks
Glückler, J. (2007) · Journal of Economic Geography · doi:10.1093/jeg/lbm023 · Cited by 436
“The network trajectory (Kilduff and Tsai 2003) is an appropriate concept in the analysis of network evolution which combines the notions of evolution, network and geography: It describes a geographically and historically specific development path of a network in which the formation and dissolution…”
BackgroundInfluentialFang, R., Landis, B. D., Zhang, Z., Anderson, M. H., Shaw, J. D., & Kilduff, M. J. (2015) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.2015.0972 · Cited by 451
“These questions reflect an ongoing debate at the intersection of personality psychology and social network research (Balkundi et al. 2011, Kilduff and Tsai 2003).”
Self-citationProvan, K. G., & Lemaire, R. H. (2012) · Public Administration Review · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2012.02595.x · Cited by 424
Friedrich, T. L., Vessey, W. B., Schuelke, M. J., Ruark, G. A., & Mumford, M. D. (2009) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2009.09.008 · Cited by 439
Ibarra, H., Kilduff, M., & Tsai, W. (2005) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.1050.0129 · Cited by 518
Self-citationTurning Lead into Gold: How Do Entrepreneurs Mobilize Resources to Exploit Opportunities?
Clough, D. R., Fang, T. P., Vissa, B., & Wu, A. (2018) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.5465/annals.2016.0132 · Cited by 397
The strength-of-weak-ties perspective on creativity: A comprehensive examination and extension.
Baer, M. (2010) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0018761 · Cited by 397
The ties that lead: A social network approach to leadership
Balkundi, P., & Kilduff, M. J. (2006) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.01.001 · Cited by 426
Self-citationSocial Activism in and Around Organizations
Briscoe, F. S., & Gupta, A. (2016) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.1080/19416520.2016.1153261 · Cited by 415
Relationships in reform: the role of teachers' social networks
Daly, A. J., Moolenaar, N. M., Bolívar, J. M., & Burke, P. H. (2010) · Journal of Educational Administration · doi:10.1108/09578231011041062 · Cited by 387
Agency in Action: Entrepreneurs' Networking Style and Initiation of Economic Exchange
Vissa, B. (2010) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.1100.0567 · Cited by 351
Gender in Academic Networking: The Role of Gatekeepers in Professorial Recruitment
van den Brink, M., & Benschop, Y. (2013) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/joms.12060 · Cited by 369
Sinha, K. K., & de Ven, A. H. V. (2005) · Organ. Sci. · doi:10.1287/orsc.1050.0130 · Cited by 369
The Organizational Socialization Process: Review and Development of a Social Capital Model
Fang, R., Duffy, M. K., & Shaw, J. D. (2010) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206310384630 · Cited by 345
Collaborative emergency management and national emergency management network
Kapucu, N., Arslan, T., & Demiroz, F. (2010) · Disaster Prevention and Management An International Journal · doi:10.1108/09653561011070376 · Cited by 359
Zheng, X., Le, Y., Chan, A. P. C., Hu, Y., & Li, Y. (2016) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2016.06.005 · Cited by 330
Smith, B. R., & Stevens, C. E. (2010) · Entrepreneurship and Regional Development · doi:10.1080/08985626.2010.488405 · Cited by 343
Social network analysis and the evaluation of leadership networks
Hoppe, B., & Reinelt, C. (2010) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2010.06.004 · Cited by 352
The Cultural Mosaic: A Metatheory for Understanding the Complexity of Culture.
Chao, G. T., & Moon, H. K. (2005) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1128 · Cited by 339
Moolenaar, N. M. (2012) · American Journal of Education · doi:10.1086/667715 · Cited by 309
Qualitative research in management: addressing complexity, context and persona
Gummesson, E. (2006) · Management Decision · doi:10.1108/00251740610650175 · Cited by 305
Huggins, R., & Johnston, A. (2010) · Entrepreneurship and Regional Development · doi:10.1080/08985620903171350 · Cited by 302
The Microfoundations of Organizational Social Networks
Tasselli, S., Kilduff, M. J., & Menges, J. I. (2015) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206315573996 · Cited by 346
Self-citationMitsuhashi, H., & Greve, H. (2009) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2009.44634482 · Cited by 307
“This model allows serendipity in the matching process (Kilduff & Tsai, 2003), but also lets organizational goals and resources affect choices so that realized alliances will match organizational characteristics better than random encounters of organizations would have.”
BackgroundMethodScience, Technology & Innovation Studies
Schulz-Schaeffer, I., Werle, R., & Weyer, J. (2007) · Cited by 298
Everton, S. F. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139136877 · Cited by 275
Voice Flows to and around Leaders
Detert, J. R., Burris, E. R., Harrison, D. A., & Martín, S. (2013) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0001839213510151 · Cited by 315
Building a Theory of Learning in Collaboratives: Evidence from the Everglades Restoration Program
Gerlak, A. K., & Heikkila, T. (2011) · Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory · doi:10.1093/jopart/muq089 · Cited by 286
“It can be seen as the one of the most extensive types of collaborative networks—an ‘‘action network’’ that engages in collective action by formally adopting courses of action and delivering services (Agranoff 2003) and is goal directed, as outlined by the CERP (Kilduff and Tsai 2003).”
BackgroundToward a dynamic process model of entrepreneurial networking under uncertainty
Engel, Y., Kaandorp, M., & Elfring, T. (2016) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2016.10.001 · Cited by 289
Whither Global Production Networks in Economic Geography? Past, Present, and Future
Heß, M., & Yeung, H. W. (2006) · Environment and Planning A Economy and Space · doi:10.1068/a38463 · Cited by 270
“Sociologists have been interested in social network analysis since the 1920s and the 1930s (Kilduff and Tsai, 2003).”
BackgroundBlind Dates and Arranged Marriages: Longitudinal Processes of Network Orchestration
Paquin, R. L., & Howard-Grenville, J. A. (2013) · Organization Studies · doi:10.1177/0170840612470230 · Cited by 284
A bridge between worlds: understanding network structure to understand change strategy
Daly, A. J., & Finnigan, K. S. (2009) · Journal of Educational Change · doi:10.1007/s10833-009-9102-5 · Cited by 294
Social Network Research in Organizational Contexts
Carpenter, M. A., Li, M., & Jiang, H. (2012) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206312440119 · Cited by 276
Social capital and business and management: Setting a research agenda
Lee, R. (2008) · International Journal of Management Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2370.2008.00244.x · Cited by 262
Soda, G., & Zaheer, A. (2012) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.1966 · Cited by 259
Lechner, C. F., Frankenberger, K., & Floyd, S. W. (2010) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2010.52814620 · Cited by 265
Social network approaches to leadership: An integrative conceptual review.
Carter, D. R., DeChurch, L. A., Braun, M. T., & Contractor, N. (2015) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0038922 · Cited by 281
Kijkuit, B., & van den Ende, J. (2007) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.2007.00695.x · Cited by 256
Ho, V. T., & Pollack, J. M. (2013) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/joms.12062 · Cited by 266
Natarajan, M. (2006) · Journal of Quantitative Criminology · doi:10.1007/s10940-006-9007-x · Cited by 260
“Social network analysis is the mapping and measuring of relationships and flows between people (Borgatti et al. 2002; Borgatti and Everett 1992; Borgatti and Foster 2003; Berkowitz 1982; Breiger 2004; Burt 1976; Klerks 2001; Kilduff and Tsai 2003; Knoke and Kuklinski 1981; Moreno 1934; Scott 1991; Sparrow 1991; Wasser…”
BackgroundWal, A. L. J. T. (2013) · Journal of Economic Geography · doi:10.1093/jeg/lbs063 · Cited by 256
Resource-based local development and networked core-competencies for tourism excellence
Denicolai, S., Cioccarelli, G., & Zucchella, A. (2009) · Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2009.03.002 · Cited by 240
The Contaminating Effects of Building Instrumental Ties
Casciaro, T., Francesca Gino, B., & Kouchaki, M. (2014) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0001839214554990 · Cited by 278
Saz‐Carranza, Á., & Ospina, S. M. (2010) · Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory · doi:10.1093/jopart/muq050 · Cited by 248
Mäkelä, K., Björkman, I., & Ehrnrooth, M. (2010) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2009.09.020 · Cited by 257
Service triads: A research agenda for buyer–supplier–customer triads in business services
Wynstra, F., Spring, M., & Schoenherr, T. (2014) · Journal of Operations Management · doi:10.1016/j.jom.2014.10.002 · Cited by 230
“More specifically, “people prefer balanced relationships; for example, they prefer their friendships to be reciprocated, and for their friends to be friends with each other” (Kilduff and Tsai, 2003: 42).”
BackgroundInfluentialAnderson, M. H. (2007) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.459 · Cited by 229
Management von Netzwerkorganisationen - Zum Stand der Forschung
Sydow, J. (2007) · Gabler eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-8349-9127-0_13 · Cited by 227
Network-Related Personality and the Agency Question: Multirole Evidence from a Virtual World
Burt, R. S. (2012) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/667856 · Cited by 227
Management Accounting: A Bibliographic Study
Hesford, J. W., Lee, S.-H., der Stede, W. A. V., & Young, S. M. (2006) · Handbooks of management accounting research · doi:10.1016/s1751-3243(06)01001-7 · Cited by 225
Toward a structural view of co‐opetition in supply networks
Pathak, D. S., Wu, Z., & Johnston, D. (2014) · Journal of Operations Management · doi:10.1016/j.jom.2014.04.001 · Cited by 223
“Different forms of governance are deployed to manage different tasks and network level objectives (Kilduff and Tsai, 2003).”
BackgroundHow do networks matter? The performance effects of interorganizational networks
Gulati, R., Lavie, D., & Madhavan, R. (2011) · Research in Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.riob.2011.09.005 · Cited by 237
Ambrose, M. L. (2012) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203197424 · Cited by 219
Network Theory of Organization: A Multilevel Approach
Moliterno, T. P., & Mahony, D. M. (2010) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206310371692 · Cited by 233
Social Capital and Social Influence on the Board of Directors
STEVENSON, W. B., & Radin, R. F. (2008) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.2008.00800.x · Cited by 214
“…capital theory hypothesis that ties lead to benefits such as influence (Portes, 1998), studies indicating that work related ties are ‘goal-directed’ (Kilduff and Tsai, 2003, p. 89), that people in organizations manipulate their instrumental ties to garner influence (Brass and Burkhardt, 1993;…”
BackgroundCognitive social structures in social network research: A review
Brands, R. A. (2013) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.1890 · Cited by 215
Sykes, T. A., Venkatesh, V., & Johnson, J. L. (2014) · MIS Quarterly · doi:10.25300/misq/2014/38.1.03 · Cited by 210
Álvarez, G., Pilbeam, C. J., & Wilding, R. (2010) · Supply Chain Management An International Journal · doi:10.1108/13598541011028769 · Cited by 213
“Here, we analyse organisational networks that are formally established, governed and goal directed ( Kilduff and Tsai, 2003”
MethodInterpersonal similarity as a driver of knowledge sharing within multinational corporations
Mäkelä, K., Kalla, H. K., & Piekkari, R. (2007) · International Business Review · doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2006.11.002 · Cited by 211
Tourism and Post-Disciplinary Enquiry
Coles, T., Hall, C. M., & DUVAL, D. T. (2006) · Current Issues in Tourism · doi:10.2167/cit327.0 · Cited by 210
“…anthropology, human geography, migration studies and political science culminating in the development of theory and concept, methods and techniques that have as yet only CIT-327.indd 311 01/09/2006 09:38:54 partially made their way into studies of tourism (cf. Goodman, 2006; Kilduff & Tsai, 2003).”
Leadership in Interorganizational Networks: A Literature Review and Suggestions for Future Research
Müller‐Seitz, G. (2011) · International Journal of Management Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2370.2011.00324.x · Cited by 207
The ripple effect of personality on social structure: Self-monitoring origins of network brokerage.
Oh, H., & Kilduff, M. J. (2008) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.93.5.1155 · Cited by 221
Self-citationThe Evolution of Facilitated Industrial Symbiosis
Paquin, R. L., & Howard-Grenville, J. A. (2012) · Journal of Industrial Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1530-9290.2011.00437.x · Cited by 231
Forms of Network Resource: Knowledge Access and the Role of Inter‐Firm Networks
Huggins, R. (2009) · International Journal of Management Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2370.2009.00266.x · Cited by 203
Validity Issues in the Use of Social Network Analysis with Digital Trace Data
University of Texas at Austin, Howison, J., Wiggins, A., Syracuse University, Crowston, K., & Syracuse University (2011) · Journal of the Association for Information Systems · doi:10.17705/1jais.00282 · Cited by 369
Social Networks, Cognitive Style, and Innovative Performance: A Contingency Perspective
Carnabuci, G., & Diószegi, B. (2015) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2013.1042 · Cited by 200
“We measured cognitive style using Kirton’s (1976) Adaption-Innovation Inventory (KAI).”
MethodA Network-based view of regional growth
Huggins, R., & Thompson, P. (2013) · Journal of Economic Geography · doi:10.1093/jeg/lbt012 · Cited by 194
“The notion of network capital is more attuned to capturing the role of networks as strategic evolutionary systems, with trajectories which change along with the resources they accrue (Glückler, 2007a; Kilduff and Tsai, 2003; Monge and Contractor, 2003).”
BackgroundBaker, V. L., & Lattuca, L. R. (2010) · Studies in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/03075070903501887 · Cited by 268
Venkatesh, V., & Sykes, T. A. (2012) · Information Systems Research · doi:10.1287/isre.1110.0409 · Cited by 213
Kaše, R., Paauwe, J., & Zupan, N. (2009) · Human Resource Management · doi:10.1002/hrm.20301 · Cited by 190
Steinmo, M. T., & Rasmussen, E. (2018) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/j.respol.2018.07.004 · Cited by 189
“Hence, our approach is inspired by the structuralist approach to social capital (Kilduff and Tsai, 2003; Lounsbury and Ventresca, 2003) and thereby endeavors to capture the broader context and processes of university-industry collaborations, rather than their attributes.”
Method
Metadata
- Authors
- Kilduff, M., & Tsai, W.
- ORCID
- Kilduff, Martin
- Venue
- SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications Ltd
- Published
- 2003
- OpenAlex
- W1510683253
- Cited by
- 1,581
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 72 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 85 · 2020: 84 · 2019: 90 · 2018: 85 · 2017: 72 · 2016: 89 · 2015: 113 · 2014: 105 · 2013: 97 · 2012: 90
- FWCI
- 6.80
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks (publishedVersion)
- VTechWorks (Virginia Tech) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Complex Network Analysis Techniques
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social Capital and Networks
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Knowledge Management and Sharing
- Keywords
- social networks, organizations
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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