Holographic Principle Applications to Cosmology
Open accessAbstract
The holographic principle has emerged as a central paradigm in quantum gravity. AdS/CFT has shown how gravitational phenomena in a higher-dimensional bulk may be described by a lower-dimensional boundary theory. Challenges include the absence of a fully formulated dS/CFT duality and the difficulty of reconciling non-locality with observable cosmological dynamics.
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Claims the paper makes
14 of 26 cited sources checked · 2 supported · 1 flagged · accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation
Holographic cosmology suggests that the fabric of spacetime itself may be an emergent construct arising from entanglement entropy.
“Beyond phenomenological frameworks, holographic cosmology has suggested that the fabric of spacetime itself may be an emergent construct arising from entanglement entropy.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim2 of 2 sources checked- cites Ryu & Takayanagi, 2006 source
The Introduction (p. 1) and Conclusion (p. 4) propose a holographic relation between entanglement entropy in conformal field theories and the area of minimal surfaces in anti–de Sitter space. That supports a connection between entanglement and geometry, but the paper does not suggest that spacetime itself emerges from entanglement entropy or make a claim about cosmology. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites Van Raamsdonk, 2010 source
The Introduction (p. 2) and Conclusions (p. 6) argue that quantum entanglement is crucial to the emergence of classical spacetime geometry. The paper uses entanglement entropy to measure that entanglement (A disentangling experiment, p. 4), but its examples concern gauge-theory/gravity duality and AdS spacetimes, not holographic cosmology specifically; it does not say that spacetime arises from entropy itself. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation
The number of fundamental degrees of freedom in holographic cosmology is predicted to scale with area A∼H^-2 rather than volume V∼H^-3.
“The number of fundamental degrees on behalf of freedom is predicted to scale with the area A∼H -2 , rather than the spatial volume V∼H -3 .”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites Banks, 2001 source
Section 3, “The entropy of DeSitter space” (page unavailable), relates horizon area to entropy and interprets that entropy as the logarithm of the number of quantum states. Section 6, “Metaphysics” (page unavailable), likewise conjectures that the number of states is exponential in screen area. These passages support area-based scaling of entropy, but not literal area scaling of the number of states; they also do not give the claimed H^-2 and H^-3 powers. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation
Proposals such as dS/CFT, the covariant entropy bound, and light-sheet constructions have been developed to extend holographic reasoning to cosmological settings where a clear boundary theory may be absent.
“Proposals like the dS/CFT correspondence, the covariant entropy bound, and light-sheet constructions have been developed to extend holographic reasoning to cosmological settings, where a clear boundary theory may be absent (Fields et al. 2022).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites Fields et al. 2022 source
The Introduction (page unavailable) mentions dS/CFT and describes Bousso’s covariant entropy bound in terms of light-sheets. It does not say these proposals were developed for cosmological settings where a clear boundary theory may be absent. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation
The Bekenstein entropy bound imposes a fundamental restriction on the number of degrees of freedom in a spatial region, implying that data content grows only with the enclosing area and not the volume.
“This inequality imposed a fundamental restriction on the number of degrees of freedom in a given spatial region, implying that data content grows only with the enclosing area and not the volume.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 2 sources checked- cites Bekenstein, 1973 source
- cites Hawking, 1975 source
Section 1 (page unavailable) links black-hole entropy to event-horizon area and describes Bekenstein’s generalized second law. It does not state a bound on the degrees of freedom or data content of an arbitrary spatial region, nor compare area scaling with volume scaling. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation
Black hole entropy is proportional to the area of the event horizon, not to volume.
“Their derivations demonstrate that black hole entropy is proportional not to volume but to the area of the event horizon, hence indicating a fundamental restriction to the number of degrees of freedom inside any spacetime volume (Bekenstein, 1973;Hawking, 1975).”
- Also stated in: § II. FOUNDATIONS OF THE HOLOGRAPHIC PRINCIPLE From Black Hole Thermodynamics to Entropy Bounds · plain
“Bekenstein's conjecture proposed that a maximum entropy could be associated with a black hole, proportional not to its volume, as in traditional thermodynamic systems, but to the surface area of its event horizon.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 2 sources checked - Also stated in: § II. FOUNDATIONS OF THE HOLOGRAPHIC PRINCIPLE From Black Hole Thermodynamics to Entropy Bounds · plain
- Premisecitation
Holographic cosmology suggests that the universe's large-scale structure and dynamics are not developed by local degrees of freedom inside the bulk but by data encoded on a lower-dimensional boundary merged with the cosmological horizon.
“The theory of holographic cosmology suggests that the universe's large-scale structure as well as dynamics are developed not by local degrees of freedom inside the bulk.The data encoded on a lower-dimensional boundary, on average, merged with the cosmological horizon.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites Banks, 2001 source
Section 3, “The entropy of DeSitter space,” describes cosmological event horizons as holographic screens that encode information. Section 6, “Metaphysics,” conjectures that spacetime geometry could be computed from the number of quantum states. Neither passage establishes that the universe’s large-scale structure and dynamics are produced by boundary data rather than local bulk degrees of freedom; the horizon discussion is also framed around de Sitter space. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation
Tensor networks and entanglement wedges have been used to visualize how spatial geometry may arise from the entanglement structure of underlying quantum states.
“Tensor networks and entanglement wedges have been used to visualize how spatial geometry may arise from the entanglement trend of underlying quantum states (Van Raamsdonk, 2010).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites Van Raamsdonk, 2010 source
The Introduction (p. 2) links the emergence of spacetime geometry to quantum entanglement, and the figure caption in “A disentangling experiment” (p. 5) depicts how changing entanglement affects spatial geometry. The cited paper does not describe using tensor networks or entanglement wedges to visualize that relationship. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation
Dependence on horizon-scale cutoffs makes cosmological predictions unstable under different horizon definitions and boundary conditions.
“However, the dependence on horizon-scale cutoffs has touched sensitivity to the choice of infrared regulators.It makes cosmological predictions unstable under several predictions in proportion to the aim of horizon definition as well as boundary conditions (Zhou & Macedo, 2025).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites Zhou & Macedo, 2025 source
The minimal-gauge discussion (p. 4) says that choosing a horizon-based length scale affects how quasinormal-mode frequencies scale, while the Conclusion (p. 17) discusses spectral instability in a Schwarzschild limit. Neither passage addresses horizon-scale cutoffs as infrared regulators or says that different horizon definitions and boundary conditions make cosmological predictions unstable; searches for those terms found no such passage. (LLM, conf=0.73)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation
The Ryu-Takayanagi formula connects the entanglement entropy of a boundary subregion to the area of a minimal surface in the bulk.
“Furthermore, the Ryu-Takayanagi formula established a direct connection between quantum entanglement and bulk geometry, linking the entanglement entropy S A of a boundary subregion A to the area of a minimal surface γ A in the bulk:”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites Ryu & Takayanagi, 2006 source
- Premisecitation
The Gibbons-Hawking entropy of a de Sitter universe implies that the total observable entropy of the universe is finite.
“This suggests that the total observable entropy of the universe is covered and finite, a result incompatible with traditional quantum field theory, which assumes a divergent number of degrees of freedom in the vacuum.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Gibbons & Hawking, 1977 source
- Premisecitation
Holographic dark energy frameworks propose that the vacuum energy density ρΛ is not a fixed constant but is determined by a maximal entropy constraint imposed by the size of the cosmological horizon.
“Holographic dark energy frameworks propose that the vacuum energy density ρΛ is not a fixed constant, but is determined by a maximal entropy constraint imposed by the size of the cosmological horizon.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Li, 2004
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Premisecitation
The Li holographic dark energy relation ensures that the total energy inside a region of size L is not greater than the energy of a black hole of the same size, respecting the holographic bound.
“This relation gives certainty that the total energy inside a region of size L is not greater than the energy of a black hole of the same size, respecting the holographic bound.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Li, 2004
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Interpretationreasoning
The forecasting power of holographic cosmology is still minimal compared with contemporary observational data.
“The forecasting power of holographic cosmology is still minimal when compared with the contemporary observational data.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
- May combine two claims. 9
- Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 9
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationIn this holographic inflation approach, UV physics in the boundary theory maps to early-time cosmology and IR physics to late-time cosmological evolution.
“In this approach, ultraviolet (UV) physics in the boundary theory is mapped to early-time cosmology, while infrared (IR) physics corresponds to late-time cosmological evolution (McFadden & Skenderis, 2010).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites McFadden & Skenderis, 2010 source
The section “Asymptotically AdS domain-walls” (page not available in our copy) says the boundary theory has a UV fixed point and that the corresponding cosmologies are asymptotically de Sitter at late times. This directly contradicts the claim’s UV-to-early-time mapping; the cited passage does not establish the claimed IR-to-late-time mapping either. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).
PremisecitationCosmological spacetime could be encoded in entanglement structures on a fundamental boundary theory.
“Inspired by the Ryu-Takayanagi proposal and its generalizations to time-dependent and non-AdS geometries, it has been conjectured that cosmological spacetime could be encoded in entanglement structures on a fundamental boundary theory.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites Ryu & Takayanagi, 2006 source
The Introduction (p. 1) proposes a relation between boundary-CFT entanglement entropy and static minimal surfaces in AdS, supporting the sentence’s reference to the Ryu–Takayanagi proposal. It does not propose that cosmological spacetime is encoded in boundary entanglement, or present generalizations to time-dependent or non-AdS geometries. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S1 (asserted).
PremisecitationInflationary dynamics can be recast as a renormalization group flow in a dual boundary theory, with the scale factor playing the role of an RG scale.
“It has been hypothesized that the inflationary dynamics can be recast as a renormalization group (RG) flow in a dual boundary theory, with the scale factor of the universe playing the role of an RG scale.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites McFadden & Skenderis, 2010 source
The introduction (JCAP05(2011)013) proposes a dual QFT description of inflationary cosmology through domain-wall spacetimes describing holographic RG flows. Section 4.1.2 relates the radial derivative to the dilatation operator, and the asymptotically AdS domain-wall section gives a(z) ∼ e^z. These passages support the RG-flow analogy, but do not explicitly identify the cosmological scale factor itself as the RG scale. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationHolographic formulations permit the primordial power spectrum and non-Gaussianities to be generated from correlation operations in a dual conformal field theory, although the precise boundary theory remains model-dependent.
“Such formulations permit the primordial power spectrum and non-Gaussianities to be generated from relationship operations in a dual conformal field theory, although the precise nature of the boundary theory remains modeldependent.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites McFadden & Skenderis, 2010 source
Section 5 states that the power spectrum and bispectrum can be computed from correlation functions of the dual QFT, and the introductory passage says the dual theory’s precise nature must be specified. The claim is too specific in calling it a conformal field theory: the paper also discusses dual QFTs that are deformations of CFTs or have generalized conformal structure. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationThe covariant entropy bound applies not only to black hole horizons but also to dynamical spacetimes such as cosmic expansion, and has been proposed as a transferability of the second law of thermodynamics in gravitational theory.
“This bound is used not only to black hole horizons but also to dynamical spacetimes, like those encountered in the process of cosmic expansion, as well as has been proposed as a transferability of the second law of thermodynamics in the gravitational theory.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Fields, 2022
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationThere is no concrete dS/CFT correspondence and no precise dual theory has yet been identified.
“This describes this of a concrete dS/CFT correspondence, and no precise dual theory has yet been identified (Anninos, 2012).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Anninos, 2012 source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).
Interpretationnone givenSignificant tension remains concerning the physical origin of the horizon cutoff and its feasible dynamical evolution, particularly in light of quantum gravity considerations.
“However, significant tension remains concerning the physical origin of the horizon cutoff and its feasible dynamical evolution, particularly in light of quantum gravity considerations.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based). May combine two claims.
InterpretationreasoningThe cosmological constant and horizon entropy would be understood as emergent properties of entangled quantum degrees of freedom.
“The cosmological constant, as well as horizon entropy, would be understood as emergent properties of entangled quantum degrees of freedom.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
PremisecitationHolographic dark energy frameworks have been successful in fitting observational data from type Ia supernovae, cosmic microwave background anisotropies, and baryon acoustic oscillations, while also offering explanations for the coincidence issue.
“Holographic dark energy frameworks have been successful in fitting observational data from type Ia supernovae, cosmic microwave background anisotropies, and baryon acoustic oscillations, while also offering explanations on behalf of the coincidence issue.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Li, 2004
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationIn inflationary and Λ-dominated universes, the existence of a cosmological horizon imposes a causal boundary similar to a black hole event horizon, motivating application of entropy-area relations to the observable universe.
“In inflationary and Λ-dominated universes, the existence of a cosmological horizon imposes a causal boundary, similar in structure to that of a black hole event horizon, consequently motivating the utilized of entropy-area relations to the observable universe (Gibbons & Hawking, 1977).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Gibbons & Hawking, 1977 source
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationThe AdS/CFT correspondence is the first concrete realization of the holographic principle; type IIB string theory on AdS5×S5 is dual to N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory on the four-dimensional boundary.
“The first concrete realization of the holographic principle was presented in the Anti-de Sitter/Conformal Field Theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence formulated by Maldacena (1998).”
- Also stated in: § II. FOUNDATIONS OF THE HOLOGRAPHIC PRINCIPLE From Black Hole Thermodynamics to Entropy Bounds · plain
“It was shown that type IIB string theory on an AdS 5 ×S 5 background is dual to an N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory on the four-dimensional boundary.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Maldacena, 1998
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Also stated in: § II. FOUNDATIONS OF THE HOLOGRAPHIC PRINCIPLE From Black Hole Thermodynamics to Entropy Bounds · plain
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).
InterpretationreasoningClassical FLRW geometry would emerge as a coarse-grained emergent restriction of a more fundamental quantum entangled structure, governed by data-theoretic constraints rather than field equations.
“In this part, the classical Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) geometry would emerge as a coarse-grained emergent restriction of a more fundamental quantum entangled structure, governed not by field equations but by datatheoretic constraints.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
PremisecitationThe holographic principle states that all physical data inside a volume of spacetime can be represented by data encoded on its boundary.
“All physical data inside a volume of spacetime may be presented on its outer surface; the main problems describe locality as well as dimensionality.”
- Also stated in: § I. INTRODUCTION · plain
“the principle describes that the total data inside a volumetric region can be shown by data encoded on its boundary.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- Also stated in: § I. INTRODUCTION · plain
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).
Premisenone givenTensor networks and entanglement wedges in cosmological settings lack a rigorous derivation from a known microscopic theory.
“Moreover, the utilize of tensor networks and entanglement wedges in cosmological settings, while heuristically appealing, lacks a rigorous derivation from a known microscopic theory.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).
Premisenone givenThe deeper implications of non-locality, emergent geometry, and entropy bounds are still conceptually unsolved.
“The deeper implications of non-locality, emergent geometry, as well as entropy bounds are still conceptually not solved.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Interpretationnone givenGeneralizing the Ryu-Takayanagi entanglement formula to time-dependent, non-AdS spacetimes has encountered mathematical and interpretative difficulties; minimal surfaces become ill-posed in dynamically evolving spacetimes, and absence of a well-defined asymptotic structure undermines the holographic dictionary.
“Attempts to generalize the Ryu-Takayanagi entanglement formula to time-dependent, non-AdS spacetimes have encountered both mathematical and interpretative difficulties.In particular, the definition of minimal surfaces becomes ill-posed in dynamically evolving spacetimes, and the absence of a well-defined asymptotic structure undermines the holographic dictionary.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).
Interpretationnone givenThe holographic principle is one of the most reliable frameworks for bridging quantum theory and gravitation.
“However, with these limitations, the holographic principle is still one of the most reliable frameworks on behalf of bridging quantum theory as well as gravitation..”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
McFadden and Skenderis citation year does not match the reference list
MinorThe text cites this author pair with a 2010 date, while their listed reference is dated 2011.
“(McFadden & Skenderis, 2010)”
“10. McFadden, P., & Skenderis, K. (2011). Holographic non-gaussianity.”
Maldacena citation year does not match the reference list
MinorThe text cites Maldacena as a 1998 source, but the corresponding reference lists 1999.
“The first concrete realization of the holographic principle was presented in the Anti-de Sitter/Conformal Field Theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence formulated by Maldacena (1998).”
“9. Maldacena, J. (1999). The large-N limit of superconformal field theories and supergravity.”
Cites
Particle creation by black holes
Hawking, S. W. (1975) · Communications In Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1007/bf02345020 · Cited by 13,106 · see citing works
Bekenstein, J. D. (1973) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.7.2333 · Cited by 7,555 · see citing works
The Large N Limit of Superconformal Field Theories and Supergravity
Maldacena, J. M. (1997) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/9711200 · Cited by 6,821
The Large-N Limit of Superconformal Field Theories and Supergravity
Maldacena, J. (1999) · International Journal of Theoretical Physics · doi:10.1023/a:1026654312961 · Cited by 6,704 · see citing works
Holographic Derivation of Entanglement Entropy from AdS/CFT
Ryu, S., & Takayanagi, T. (2006) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/0603001 · Cited by 4,321
Ryu, S., & Takayanagi, T. (2006) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.96.181602 · Cited by 4,302 · see citing works
Susskind, L. (1995) · Journal of Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.531249 · Cited by 4,085 · see citing works
Cosmological event horizons, thermodynamics, and particle creation
Gibbons, G. W., & Hawking, S. W. (1977) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.15.2738 · Cited by 3,192 · see citing works
A model of holographic dark energy
Li, M. (2004) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2004.10.014 · Cited by 1,902 · see citing works
Particle creation by black holes
Hawking, S. W. (1976) · Communications in Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1007/bf01608497 · Cited by 1,873 · see citing works
Dimensional Reduction in Quantum Gravity
Hooft, G. '. (1993) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.gr-qc/9310026 · Cited by 630 · see citing works
BUILDING UP SPACE–TIME WITH QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT
Mark Van Raamsdonk, B. (2010) · International Journal of Modern Physics D · doi:10.1142/s0218271810018529 · Cited by 491 · see citing works
Cosmological breaking of supersymmetry
BANKS, T. (2001) · International Journal of Modern Physics A · doi:10.1142/s0217751x01003998 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Cosmological Breaking of Supersymmetry?
Banks, T. (2000) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/0007146 · Cited by 248
ANNINOS, D. (2012) · International Journal of Modern Physics A · doi:10.1142/s0217751x1230013x · Cited by 174 · see citing works
On the Holographic Principle in a Radiation Dominated UniversePreprint
Verlinde, E. (2000) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/0008140 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
McFadden, P., & Skenderis, K. (2010) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1011.0452 · Cited by 100
(2011) · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2011/05/013 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
The Physical Meaning of the Holographic Principle
Fields, C., Glazebrook, J. F., & Marcianò, A. (2022) · Quanta · doi:10.12743/quanta.v11i1.206 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Building up spacetime with quantum entanglement
Van Raamsdonk, M. (2010) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1005.3035 · Cited by 4
Limiting geometry and spectral instability in Schwarzschild--de Sitter spacetimes
Zhou, Y., & Macedo, R. P. (2025) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2507.05370
Anninos, D. (2012) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1205.3855
The physical meaning of the holographic principle
Fields, C., Glazebrook, J. F., & Marciano, A. (2022) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2210.16021
Flagged first, then by citations
- Authors
- Bunde, P. B., & Pawar, D. N.
- Affiliations
- Government of Maharashtra (IN)
- Venue
- International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology
- Publisher
- Naksh Solutions
- Published
- 2025-08-02
- Pages
- 294-299
- ISSN
- 2581-9429 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4412861737
- Cited by
- 0
- References
- 13
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Advanced Research in Science Communication and Technology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Keywords
- holographic principle, cosmology, AdS/CFT correspondence, holographic dark energy, quantum gravity, entropy bounds, cosmic acceleration, primordial perturbations
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