Stratospheric sulfate geoengineering could enhance the terrestrial photosynthesis rate
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Abstract
Stratospheric sulfate geoengineering could impact the terrestrial carbon cycle by enhancing the carbon sink. With an 8 Tg yr −1 injection of SO 2 to produce a stratospheric aerosol cloud to balance anthropogenic radiative forcing from the Representative Concentration Pathway 6.0 (RCP6.0) scenario, we conducted climate model simulations with the Community Earth System Model – the Community Atmospheric Model 4 fully coupled to tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry (CAM4–chem). During the geoengineering period, as compared to RCP6.0, land-averaged downward visible (300–700 nm) diffuse radiation increased 3.2 W m −2 (11 %). The enhanced diffuse radiation combined with the cooling increased plant photosynthesis by 0.07 ± 0.02 µmol C m −2 s −1 , which could contribute to an additional 3.8 ± 1.1 Gt C yr −1 global gross primary productivity without explicit nutrient limitation. This increase could potentially increase the land carbon sink. Suppressed plant and soil respiration due to the cooling would reduce natural land carbon emission and therefore further enhance the terrestrial carbon sink during the geoengineering period. This potentially beneficial impact of stratospheric sulfate geoengineering would need to be balanced by a large number of potential risks in any future decisions about the implementation of geoengineering.
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Reductions in surface temperatures and decreased ratio of direct-to-diffuse radiation resulting from stratospheric aerosol injection would likely affect ecosystems.
“In addition to the projected changes in precipitation, the reductions in surface temperatures and decreased ratio of direct-to-diffuse radiation resulting from the implementation of SAI would also likely affect ecosystems [57].”
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Strong Local Evaporative Cooling Over Land Due to Atmospheric Aerosols
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Assessing terrestrial biogeochemical feedbacks in a strategically geoengineered climate
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Ecological, Agricultural, and Health Impacts of Solar Geoengineering
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International Law: Human Rights
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Climate Change and Solar Geoengineering
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Nonstate Actors and Intellectual Property
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- Authors
- Xia, L., Robock, A., Tilmes, S., & Neely III, R. R.
- Affiliations
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research (US)
- Corresponding author
- Xia, L.
- Venue
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
- Publisher
- Copernicus GmbH
- Published
- 2016-02-10
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1479-1489
- ISSN
- 1680-7316 (ISSN-L)
- 1680-7324
- OpenAlex
- W2268746691
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 4
- FWCI
- 12.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Atmospheric chemistry and physics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (AGS-1157525, GEO-1240507)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate Change and Geoengineering
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Keywords
- solar geoengineering, terrestrial photosynthesis, gross primary productivity, terrestrial carbon sink, diffuse radiation, stratospheric aerosols, RCP6.0, plant respiration, soil respiration, global cooling, geoengineering risks
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