Indigenous Data Governance: Strategies from United States Native Nations

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing).

Such sharing requires a degree of goodwill and buy-in, especially for Indigenous peoples for whom the 'sharing' of data often looks much more like 'taking'.

“Such sharing requires a degree of goodwill and buy-in, especially for Indigenous peoples for whom the ‘sharing’ of data often looks much more like ‘taking” (Rodriguez-Lonebear 2016).”

• cites Rodriguez-Lonebear 2016 sourceSupported

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

The C.A.R.E. Principles of Indigenous Data Governance (collective benefit, authority to control, responsibility, ethics) are intended for adoption and implementation by international research and policy organizations in addition to and alongside the FAIR Principles.

“The C.A.R.E. Principles of Indigenous Data Governance (collective benefit, authority to control, responsibility, ethics) are intended for adoption and implementation by international research and policy organizations in addition to and alongside the FAIR Principles”

• cites Wilkinson et al. 2016 sourceCould not verify

  The sections ‘The FAIR Guiding Principles in detail’ and ‘FAIRness is a prerequisite for proper data management and data stewardship’ discuss the FAIR Principles and their implementation, but do not address the C.A.R.E. Principles or their intended adoption alongside FAIR. Searches for ‘C.A.R.E. Principles of Indigenous Data Governance’ and ‘Indigenous Data Governance international research and policy organizations’ found no passage addressing the claim. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)

  Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The School for Advanced Research developed a set of Museum and Community Collaboration Guidelines in partnership with Native and non-Native museum professionals, cultural leaders, and artists.

“For example, the School for Advanced Research developed a set of Museum and Community Collaboration Guidelines in partnership with Native and non-Native museum professionals, cultural leaders, and artists.”

• cites The School for Advanced Research 2018Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The Guidelines offer principles for building successful collaborations between Indigenous communities and museums.

“The Guidelines offer principles for building successful collaborations between Indigenous communities and museums.”

• cites The School for Advanced Research 2018Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

By testing existing indicators of community health, the Swinomish Tribe identified which ones were most relevant to their communities and proposed alternatives to the ones that were less relevant.

“By testing existing indicators of community health, they identified which ones were most relevant to their communities and proposed alternatives to the ones that were less relevant.”

• cites Swinomish Climate Change Initiative undatedNot matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites Donatuto et al. 2014 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

All data must be turned over to the Navajo Nation at the conclusion of the project.

“Further, all data must be turned over to the Navajo Nation at the conclusion of the project.”

• cites Navajo Nation 2009Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

Guided by a board comprised of tribal leaders, the Albuquerque Area Southwest Tribal Epidemiology Center uses Indigenous quantitative methodologies aligned with IDS to develop Indigenous data collection instruments, support Native nations in improving data used to make funding decisions, and serve as translators and intermediaries between community and non-Native partners.

“Guided by a board comprised of tribal leaders, the Center uses Indigenous quantitative methodologies aligned with IDS to develop Indigenous data collection instruments, support Native nations in improving data used to make funding decisions, and “serve as translators and intermediaries between community and non-Native partners” (Walter and Suina 2018).”

• cites Walter and Suina 2018Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

The Swinomish Tribe engaged in a formal partnership agreement with another Native nation, as well as with non-tribal researchers.

“In this case, the Swinomish tribe engaged in a formal partnership agreement with another Native nation, as well as with non-tribal researchers.”

• cites Swinomish Climate Change Initiative undatedNot matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites Donatuto et al. 2014 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

May combine two claims.

The Urban Indian Health Institute (UIHI) actively partners with Native nations to decolonize data and improve health outcomes for American Indians and Alaska Natives living in metropolitan areas.

“The Urban Indian Health Institute (UIHI) is an organization that actively partners with Native nations to decolonize data and improve health outcomes for American Indians and Alaska Natives living in metropolitan areas.”

• cites UIHI 2018Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

A core element of the NNHRRB's 12-step approval process is extensive engagement with community partners.

“A core element of the NNHRRB’s 12-step approval process is extensive engagement with community partners.”

• cites Navajo Nation 2009Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

The Guidelines address important considerations such as following cultural protocols, being flexible, extending hospitality, ensuring appropriate compensation for expertise, and understanding that access to knowledge is not a universal right.

“Important considerations are addressed, such as following cultural protocols, being flexible, extending hospitality, ensuring appropriate compensation for expertise, and understanding that access to knowledge is not a universal right (The School for Advanced Research 2018).”

• cites The School for Advanced Research 2018Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The National Congress of American Indians (2012) developed a guide for doing research in tribal communities entitled, "Walk Softly, Listen Carefully: Building Research Relationships with Tribal Communities."

“Similarly, the National Congress of American Indians (2012) developed a guide for doing research in tribal communities entitled, “Walk Softly, Listen Carefully: Building Research Relationships with Tribal Communities.””

• cites NCAIPRC and MSUCNHP 2012Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

UIHI's Data Dashboard uses national surveillance data to visualize health disparities across a range of indicators.

“UIHI’s Data Dashboard uses national surveillance data to visualize health disparities across a range of indicators (UIHI 2018).”

• cites UIHI 2018Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

May combine two claims.

The software developed by the Pueblo of Laguna remains the property of the tribe and can be used for future data collections.

“Notably, the software remains the property of the tribe and can be used for future data collections.”

• cites NCAIPRC, 2017Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Similar initiatives are underway elsewhere, and the First Nations Information Governance Center in Canada has been a leading voice for the right of Indigenous peoples in relation to their data for over two decades.

“Similar initiatives are underway elsewhere, and the First Nations Information Governance Center in Canada has been a leading voice for the right of Indigenous peoples in relation to their data for over two decades (http://fnigc.ca/).”

• cites http://fnigc.ca/Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The following year, Rodriguez-Lonebear was awarded an RDA Fellowship.

“The following year, Rodriguez-Lonebear was awarded an RDA Fellowship.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The USIDSN developed relationships with the RDA in 2016.

“The USIDSN developed relationships with the RDA in 2016.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

Some Native nations have identified specific areas to advance internally within the tribe and deployed their resources accordingly, while other Native nations have chosen to partner with external Indigenous or non-Indigenous stakeholders to identify potential funding sources, develop their capacity, and build their IDG framework.

“Some Native nations have identified specific areas to advance internally within the tribe, and they have deployed their resources accordingly. Other Native nations have chosen to partner with external Indigenous or non-Indigenous stakeholders to identify potential funding sources, develop their capacity, and build their IDG framework.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

The RDA IDS Group has convened at every RDA plenary since for a total of five RDA plenary sessions plus an International Data Week panel, which engaged over 100 participants.

“The group has convened at every RDA plenary since for a total of five RDA plenary sessions plus an International Data Week panel, which engaged over 100 participants.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Currently three nation-state based Indigenous data sovereignty networks exist: Te Mana Raraunga, the Māori Data Sovereignty Network in Aotearoa/New Zealand formed in late 2015; the United States Indigenous Data Sovereignty Network (USIDSN) launched in early 2016; and the Maiam nayri Wingara Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Data Sovereignty Collective in Australia emerged in 2017.

“Currently three nation-state based Indigenous data sovereignty networks exist: Te Mana Raraunga, the Māori Data Sovereignty Network in Aotearoa/New Zealand (temanararaunga.maori.nz) formed in late 2015; co-authors Stephanie Russo Carroll and Desi Rodriguez-Lonebear launched the United States Indigenous Data Sovereignty Network (USIDSN; usindigenousdata.arizona.edu) in early 2016; and the Maiam nay”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

The workshop participants drafted broad, international principles for the governance of Indigenous data.

“The workshop participants drafted broad, international principles for the governance of Indigenous data.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Carroll convened an invited IDS workshop at the RDA Plenary at International Data Week, Denver, Colorado in 2016.

“Carroll convened an invited IDS workshop at the RDA Plenary at International Data Week, Denver, Colorado in 2016.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

In addition, the RDA IDS Group hosted a workshop at the RDA plenary at the International Data Week in Gaborne, Bostwana in late 2018.

“In addition, the RDA IDS Group hosted a workshop at the RDA plenary at the International Data Week in Gaborne, Bostwana in late 2018.”

May combine two claims.

The Swinomish Tribe's agreement and the decision-making processes and protocols that followed are effective governance mechanisms because both Native nations agreed that they retain complete ownership over their respective data and that data would not be used in analyses or released without prior review and approval by that tribe's leadership.

“This agreement and the decision-making processes and protocols that followed are effective governance mechanisms because both Native nations agreed that they retain complete ownership over their respective data and that data would not be used in analyses or released without prior review and approval by that tribe’s leadership.”

May combine two claims.

Tribal legislation and tribal research bodies influence governance of Indigenous data by controlling access to research about tribal peoples, resources, and cultures, as well as by controlling research taking place on tribal lands.

“They do so by controlling access to research about tribal peoples, resources, and cultures, as well as by controlling research taking place on tribal lands.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

Naming tribes as co-authors in all related publications is a means by which tribes can exercise control over the dissemination of research findings on their terms in academic and scientific fora.

“which is another means by which tribes can exercise control over the dissemination of research findings on their terms in academic and scientific fora.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

NAGPRA took nearly twenty years to become law.

“yet NAGPRA took nearly twenty years to become law”

• cites NAGPRANot matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing).

The international sharing of information and action around IDS is a critical pathway towards supporting IDG and decolonizing data.

“The international sharing of information and action around IDS is a critical pathway towards supporting IDG and decolonizing data.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

As these case studies demonstrate, Native nations are working toward Indigenous data sovereignty at various paces by implementing mechanisms of Indigenous data governance.

“As these case studies demonstrate, Native nations are working toward Indigenous data sovereignty at various paces by implementing mechanisms of Indigenous data governance.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Without investment in people and infrastructure, Indigenous data governance is unlikely to be fully realized.

“Without investment in people and infrastructure, Indigenous data governance is unlikely to be fully realized.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based). May combine two claims.

The establishment of an Indigenous Data Sovereignty Interest Group through the Research Data Alliance (RDA IDS Group) has provided a mechanism for in-person sharing, interaction with mainstream data users, and expansion to other global geographies, which has proven to be most effective in this context.

“The establishment of an Indigenous Data Sovereignty Interest Group through the Research Data Alliance (RDA IDS Group; rd-alliance.org) has provided a mechanism for in-person sharing, interaction with mainstream data users, and expansion to other global geographies, which has proven to be most effective in this context.”

May combine two claims.

In this process, tribes are developing principles of IDG, research protocols, research review boards, data sharing agreements, and data repositories.

“In this process, tribes are developing principles of IDG, research protocols, research review boards, data sharing agreements, and data repositories.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

As tribes grow their data systems and expand their reach to external entities, financial support and technical expertise become even more critical to the mission.

“As tribes grow their data systems and expand their reach to external entities, financial support and technical expertise become even more critical to the mission.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

Indigenous data governance and Indigenous data sovereignty are integral to rebuilding strong Native Nations.

“Indigenous data governance and Indigenous data sovereignty are integral to rebuilding strong Native Nations.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Rightsholders included tribes and Indigenous nations internationally; stakeholders included Indigenous and non-Indigenous researchers, policy makers, data users, tribal leaders, and community activists.

“Rightsholders included tribes and Indigenous nations internationally. Stakeholders included Indigenous and non-Indigenous researchers, policy makers, data users, tribal leaders, and community activists.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

The authors employed qualitative methods to analyze participant observation data from 27 gatherings in the United States and at RDA plenaries.

“Specifically, we employed qualitative methods to analyze participant observation data from 27 gatherings in the United States and at RDA plenaries.”

Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

Data included input on mechanisms for data governance, tribal data governance opportunities and challenges, and other stakeholders' roles in bolstering tribal data governance efforts.

“Data included input on mechanisms for data governance, tribal data governance opportunities and challenges, and other stakeholders’ roles in bolstering tribal data governance efforts.”

Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

The following set of recommendations for the continued development of IDS and IDG is the product of two years of rightsholder and stakeholder engagement through the USIDSN and RDA.

“The following set of recommendations for the continued development of IDS and IDG is the product of two years of rightsholder and stakeholder engagement through the USIDSN and RDA.”