Cited by 139Social and Intergroup PsychologyGender Diversity and InequalitySports, Gender, and Society

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Explaining Bias against Black Leaders: Integrating Theory on Information Processing and Goal-Based Stereotyping

Carton, Andrew M., Rosette, Ashleigh Shelby·2011·Academy of Management Journal

DOI 10.5465/amj.2009.0745

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Abstract

Approaches related to inference-based processing (e.g., romance-of-leadership theory) would suggest that black leaders are evaluated positively after success. In contrast, approaches related to recognition-based processing (e.g., leader categorization theory) would suggest that, because of stereotyping, black leaders are evaluated negatively regardless of their performance. To reconcile this discrepancy, we predicted that evaluators would engage in goal-based stereotyping by perceiving that black leaders—and not white leaders—fail because of negative leader-based attributes and succeed because of positive nonleader attributes (i.e., compensatory stereotypes). Multilevel analyses of archival data in the context of college football in the United States supported our predictions.

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Authors: Carton, A. M., & Rosette, A. S.
Affiliations: Pennsylvania State University (US)
Duke University (US)
ORCID: Carton, Andrew M.
Rosette, Ashleigh Shelby
Venue: Academy of Management Journal
Publisher: Academy of Management
Published: 2011-12
Volume: 54
Issue: 6
Pages: 1141-1158
ISSN: 0001-4273 (ISSN-L)
1948-0989
DOI: 10.5465/amj.2009.0745
OpenAlex: W2047151391
Cited by: 139
References: 94
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 16.06
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Academy of Management Journal (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Diversity and Inequality
Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sports, Gender, and Society
Keywords: information processing, leader evaluation, college football coaches, racial stereotypes, performance evaluation (human resources)

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Explaining Bias against Black Leaders: Integrating Theory on Information Processing and Goal-Based Stereotyping

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