The DOI matches its Crossref record; 116 of the 117 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Individual Power Distance Orientation and Follower Reactions to Transformational Leaders: A Cross-Level, Cross-Cultural Examination
Abstract
Using 560 followers and 174 leaders in the People's Republic of China and United States, we found that individual follower's “power distance” orientation and their group's shared perceptions of transformational leadership were positively related to follower's procedural justice perceptions. Power distance orientation also moderated the cross-level relationship that transformational leadership had with procedural justice; the relationship was more positive when power distance orientation was lower, rather than higher. Procedural justice, in turn, linked the unique and interactive relationships of transformational leadership and power distance orientation with followers' organizational citizenship behavior. Country differences did not significantly affect these relationships.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Accordingly, they would approve of hierarchy and hold the opinion that subordinates should trust and obey the superiors [13,14].”
From Power Distance Belief and Workplace Communication: The Mediating Role of Fear of Authority (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“employees with high perceptions of power distance view power differences as legitimate and they respect hierarchy (Kirkman et al., 2009)”
From Blame or Justification: A Conceptual Model of How Attributions Shape Observers’ Deviant Responses to Abusive Supervision (2026) · cites this paper as Kirkman et al., 2009
Citations
Cites
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,532
Multiple regression: testing and interpreting interactions
(1992) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.29-3352 · Cited by 36,647
Bhagat, R. S., & Hofstede, G. (2002) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2002.7389951 · Cited by 21,687
Exchange and Power in Social Life
Blau, P. M. (2017) · doi:10.4324/9780203792643 · Cited by 15,923
Schwartz, S. H. (1992) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60281-6 · Cited by 14,619
Exchange and Power in Social Life.
Bierstedt, R., & Blau, P. M. (1965) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2091154 · Cited by 13,625
Asymptotic Confidence Intervals for Indirect Effects in Structural Equation Models
Sobel, M. E. (1982) · Sociological Methodology · doi:10.2307/270723 · Cited by 12,810
Longshore, J. M., & Bass, B. M. (1987) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/258081 · Cited by 12,424
Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology.
Hammer, T. H., Anderson, J. F., Gurdon, M. A., Jick, T. D., Petit, A., Stern, R. N., Schwartz, H., Vardi, Y., & Dunnette, M. D. (1977) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2391755 · Cited by 11,947
Mixed-Effects Models in Sand S-PLUS
Pinheiro, J. C., & Bates, D. M. (2000) · Statistics and Computing · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0318-1 · Cited by 11,187
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 117 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 10
- Bass B. M, 1985, Leadership and performance beyond expectations
- Bliese P. D, 2002, Advances in measurement and data analysis, 401
- Brislin R. W, 1980, Handbook of cross-cultural psychology: Methodology, vol, 2, 389
- Hackman J. R., 1980, Work redesign
- Hofstede G, 2001, Culture's consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations
- House R. J., 2004, Leadership, culture, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies
- Lee C., 2000, Journal of Management, 26, 685, 10.1177/014920630002600405 · DOI
- Pillai R., 1998, Journal of Management, 24, 463
- Podsakoff P. M., 1996, Journal of Management, 22, 259
- U.S. Census Bureau, 2004, More diversity, slower growth
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 401–500 of 1,001
Wang, C., Baba, V. V., Hackett, R. D., & Hong, Y. (2019) · Human Performance · doi:10.1080/08959285.2019.1587765 · Cited by 29
Leaders’ Behaviors Matter: The Role of Delegation in Promoting Employees’ Feedback-Seeking Behavior
Zhang, X., Qian, J., Wang, B., Jin, Z., Wang, J., & Wang, Y. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00920 · Cited by 28
Leader creativity expectations and follower radical creativity
Xu, F., & Wang, X. (2018) · Chinese Management Studies · doi:10.1108/cms-04-2018-0489 · Cited by 28
High-Power Distance Is Not Always Bad: Ethical Leadership Results in Feedback Seeking
Gong, Z., Swol, L. M. V., Xu, Z., Yin, K., Zhang, N., Gilal, F. G., & Li, X. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02137 · Cited by 32
Richard, O. C., Triana, M. D. C., Yücel, İ., Li, M., & Pinkham, B. (2021) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-021-09738-3 · Cited by 28
Job autonomy and employee burnout: the moderating role of power distance orientation
Guo, W., Hancock, J. I., Cooper, D., & Caldas, M. (2022) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2022.2101451 · Cited by 30
Leader Integrity and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour in China
张刚, Bai, Y., Caza, A., & 王璐 (2013) · Management and Organization Review · doi:10.1111/more.12023 · Cited by 29
Shin, Y., Du, J., & Choi, J. N. (2014) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-014-9379-0 · Cited by 28
Tafvelin, S. (2013) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) · Cited by 28
The Effects of Organizational Leadership on Strategic Internal Communication and Employee Outcomes
Men, L. R. (2012) · Cited by 28
Kwan, H. K., Chen, Y., Tang, G., Zhang, X., & Le, J. (2024) · Asia Pacific Journal of Management · doi:10.1007/s10490-024-09947-3 · Cited by 27
Travaglino, G. A., & Moon, C. (2020) · Group Processes & Intergroup Relations · doi:10.1177/1368430220921940 · Cited by 27
Nguyen, T. P. L., & Doan, H. X. (2021) · International Journal of Emerging Markets · doi:10.1108/ijoem-01-2021-0080 · Cited by 30
The role of justice perceptions in formal and informal university technology transfer.
Waldman, D. A., Vaulont, M. J., Balven, R. M., Siegel, D. S., & Rupp, D. E. (2021) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000944 · Cited by 29
Lu, A. C. C., & Gürsoy, D. (2023) · Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research · doi:10.1177/10963480221148175 · Cited by 27
Chin, T. (2013) · International Business Research · doi:10.5539/ibr.v6n10p15 · Cited by 27
Tuytens, M., & Devos, G. (2012) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585192.2011.639535 · Cited by 27
Rutishauser, L., & Sender, A. (2019) · International Studies of Management and Organization · doi:10.1080/00208825.2019.1565093 · Cited by 36
Chai, D. S., Jeong, S., & Joo, B.-K. B. (2020) · European journal of training and development · doi:10.1108/ejtd-09-2019-0163 · Cited by 27
Yang, J., Yang, F., & Gao, N. (2020) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-020-00712-5 · Cited by 31
Hon, A. H. Y., Lü, L., & Chan, W. W. H. (2015) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2014.12.006 · Cited by 27
Kim, S. S., & Vandenberghe, C. (2017) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-017-9507-8 · Cited by 26
Discerning Work as a Calling: The Role of Job Crafting
Riasnugrahani, M., Riantoputra, C. D., Takwin, B., & Panggabean, H. R. G. (2019) · The Career Development Quarterly · doi:10.1002/cdq.12203 · Cited by 26
Kortsch, T., Bashenkhaeva, V., & Kauffeld, S. (2022) · Human Resource Development International · doi:10.1080/13678868.2022.2060167 · Cited by 33
“Holy curiosity of inquiry”: An investigation into curiosity and work performance of employees
Ghosh, J. (2022) · European Management Journal · doi:10.1016/j.emj.2022.05.004 · Cited by 27
Chen, L.-N., Huang, X., Sun, J.-M., Zheng, Y., Graham, L., & Jiang, J. (2022) · Asia Pacific Journal of Management · doi:10.1007/s10490-022-09860-7 · Cited by 20
Adamovic, M. (2023) · Human Resource Management Journal · doi:10.1111/1748-8583.12486 · Cited by 31
Yang, I. (2014) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585192.2014.922600 · Cited by 26
Cross-Cultural Organizational Psychology
Aycan, Z., & Gelfand, M. J. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199928286.013.0033 · Cited by 27
Corporate Citizenship and Employee Outcomes: Does a High-Commitment Work System Matter?
Lin, Y., & Liu, N. (2017) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-017-3632-1 · Cited by 25
Lim, S., Goh, E.-Y., Tay, E. Y. J., Tong, Y. K., Chung, D., Devi, M. K., Tan, C. H., & Indran, I. R. (2021) · Health Care Management Review · doi:10.1097/hmr.0000000000000315 · Cited by 25
Udin, U. (2023) · Journal of Social Economics Research · doi:10.18488/35.v10i2.3321 · Cited by 25
The impact of cultural dimensions on project management performance
Battistella, C., Bortolotti, T., Boscari, S., Nonino, F., & Palombi, G. (2023) · International journal of organizational analysis · doi:10.1108/ijoa-11-2022-3498 · Cited by 25
The Future of Motivation in and of Teams
Chen, G., & Kanfer, R. (2023) · Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-111821-031621 · Cited by 25
Self-citationThe impact of public leadership on collaborative administration and public health delivery
din, M. Z. U., yuan, X. Y., Khan, N. U., & Estay, C. (2024) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-023-10537-0 · Cited by 33
Charismatic Leadership, Citizenship Behaviors, and Power Distance Orientation
Cavazotte, F., Hartman, N. S., & Bahiense, E. (2013) · Cross-Cultural Research · doi:10.1177/1069397113494687 · Cited by 25
How does ethical leadership influence employees' whistleblowing intention? Evidence from China
Wen, P. P., & Chen, C. (2016) · Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal · doi:10.2224/sbp.2016.44.8.1255 · Cited by 25
Power Distance Orientation Dilutes the Effect of Abusive Supervision on Workplace Deviance
Hussain, I., & Sia, S. K. (2017) · Management and Labour Studies · doi:10.1177/0258042x17731981 · Cited by 26
Yang, F., Qian, J., Liu, J., Huang, X., Chau, R., & Wang, T. (2018) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.12144 · Cited by 27
Pratoom, K. (2018) · Human Resource Development Review · doi:10.1177/1534484318790167 · Cited by 27
Jansen, P. A. (2021) · Corporate Governance · doi:10.1108/cg-08-2020-0361 · Cited by 25
Ehrnrooth, M., Koveshnikov, A., Балабанова, Е. С., & Wechtler, H. M. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1261893 · Cited by 24
Contingent Punishment as a Double‐Edged Sword: A Dual‐Pathway Model from a Sense‐Making Perspective
Deng, H., & Leung, K. Y. (2014) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/peps.12074 · Cited by 24
The effect of cultural value orientations on responses to supply-side disruption
Sarafan, M., Squire, B. C., & Brandon‐Jones, E. (2020) · International Journal of Operations & Production Management · doi:10.1108/ijopm-11-2019-0724 · Cited by 24
From Transactional and Transformational Leadership to Authentic Leadership
Walumbwa, F. O., & Wernsing, T. S. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195398793.013.0023 · Cited by 24
Culture, Gender, and GMAT Scores: Implications for Corporate Ethics
Aggarwal, R., Goodell, J. E., & Goodell, J. W. (2013) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-013-1800-5 · Cited by 27
Newman, A., & Butler, C. L. (2013) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585192.2013.815250 · Cited by 24
Change Leadership and Employees’ Commitment to Change
Ling, B., Guo, Y., & Chen, D. (2018) · Journal of Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1027/1866-5888/a000199 · Cited by 33
Bao, Y., Han, P., Liao, S., Liao, J., & Deng, C. (2021) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.102946 · Cited by 23
The double-edged sword effect of psychological safety climate: a theoretical framework
Zhang, Y., & Wan, M. (2021) · Team Performance Management · doi:10.1108/tpm-01-2021-0005 · Cited by 28
Jahantab, F., Vidyarthi, P. R., Anand, S., & Erdoğan, B. (2021) · Group & Organization Management · doi:10.1177/10596011211048055 · Cited by 23
Koveshnikov, A., Ehrnrooth, M., & Wechtler, H. M. (2022) · Personnel Review · doi:10.1108/pr-02-2021-0097 · Cited by 23
Ehrnrooth, M., Koveshnikov, A., Балабанова, Е. С., & Wechtler, H. M. (2023) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585192.2022.2163418 · Cited by 24
Breaking down power distance into 5 dimensions
Adamovic, M. (2023) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2023.112178 · Cited by 23
Sarwar, U., Tariq, R., Aamir, M., & Guan, Y. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22058 · Cited by 23
RetractedSendjaya, S., Pekerti, A., Cooper, B. K., & Zhu, C. J. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-6074-9_1 · Cited by 23
A cross-cultural meta-analysis of transformational leadership- performance outcomes relationship
Agag, G., Abdelmoety, Z. H. S., Aboul-Dahab, S. A.-E. M. M., Daher, M. M., Sharkasi, N., Taha, E. H., Yousaf, A., & Abdelwahab, M. (2025) · International Studies of Management and Organization · doi:10.1080/00208825.2025.2566556 · Cited by 28
Cross-cultural generalization: Using meta-analysis to test hypotheses about cultural variability.
Öneş, D. S., Dilchert, S., Deller, J., Albrecht, A., Duehr, E. E., & Paulus, F. M. (2012) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/13743-004 · Cited by 22
Tziner, A. E., Shkoler, O., & Fein, E. C. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.502903 · Cited by 22
Grossman, R., Campo, M. S., Feitosa, J., & Eduardo Salas, A. (2021) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.02.031 · Cited by 22
Suseno, Y., Chang, C.-C., Hudík, M., Fang, E. S., & Liu, N. (2021) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-021-09874-6 · Cited by 22
The Effect of the Carrot and Stick Transactional Leadership style in Motivating Employees in SMEs
Frangieh, M. (2021) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · doi:10.24818/rmci.2021.2.242 · Cited by 22
Yang, H. J., Can, P., Du, G., Xie, B., & Cheng, J. S. (2021) · Technology Analysis and Strategic Management · doi:10.1080/09537325.2021.1985105 · Cited by 22
Cheng, J., Usman, M., Bai, H., & He, Y. (2021) · Journal of Management & Organization · doi:10.1017/jmo.2021.32 · Cited by 22
Hou, Y., Chen, S., & Yu, S. (2023) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2023.104244 · Cited by 24
Yang, F. (2014) · Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources · doi:10.1111/1744-7941.12031 · Cited by 23
Tang, Y., Lam, C. K., Ouyang, K., Huang, X., & Tse, H. H. M. (2021) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/peps.12465 · Cited by 23
Yoon, H. J. (2012) · University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy (University of Minnesota) · Cited by 22
Anticipated regret in time-based work-family conflict
Bagger, J., Reb, J. M., & Li, A. (2014) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/jmp-05-2012-0157 · Cited by 21
Assessing instructional leadership from two mindsets in China: power distance as a moderator
Guo, W., & Lu, J. (2018) · Educational Assessment Evaluation and Accountability · doi:10.1007/s11092-018-9287-3 · Cited by 21
Gedik, Y., & Özbek, M. F. (2020) · Creativity and Innovation Management · doi:10.1111/caim.12409 · Cited by 21
Saving money or losing face? An international study on social stigmatization in discount stores
Homburg, C., & Ukrainets, K. (2021) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.21482 · Cited by 21
Power distance orientation and perceived insider status in China: a social identity perspective
Zhang, K., Wang, Y., & Tang, N. (2022) · Asia Pacific Business Review · doi:10.1080/13602381.2022.2082115 · Cited by 21
Shi, X. C., Wang, X., & McGinley, S. P. (2023) · International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management · doi:10.1108/ijchm-06-2022-0716 · Cited by 21
Zhao, L., Jolly, P. M., Zhao, S., & Zeng, H. (2023) · Personnel Review · doi:10.1108/pr-02-2022-0093 · Cited by 21
Can absent leadership be positive in team conflicts?
Yang, I., & Li, M. (2017) · International Journal of Conflict Management · doi:10.1108/ijcma-12-2015-0083 · Cited by 21
“It breaks your soul”: An in‐depth exploration of workplace injustice in nursing
Skinner, N., Dijk, P. V., Stothard, C., & Fein, E. C. (2018) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.12535 · Cited by 25
The Inseparable Three: How Organization and Culture Can Foster Individual Creativity
Hermida, Y., Clem, W., & Güss, C. D. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02133 · Cited by 21
Stanojević, A., Akkerman, A., & Manevska, K. (2019) · Political Psychology · doi:10.1111/pops.12619 · Cited by 23
Hoogeboom, M., & Wilderom, C. P. M. (2019) · Journal of Leadership Studies · doi:10.1002/jls.21655 · Cited by 21
Koveshnikov, A., Ehrnrooth, M., & Wechtler, H. M. (2020) · Management and Organization Review · doi:10.1017/mor.2020.2 · Cited by 21
Companionate leadership: A shemswian perspective
Zoogah, B. D. (2020) · Africa Journal of Management · doi:10.1080/23322373.2020.1779944 · Cited by 21
SIEs motivational CQ on job satisfaction: A two-study examination of power distance and role clarity
Zhang, Y., Wei, F., & Grey, I. M. (2020) · International Journal of Intercultural Relations · doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2020.11.006 · Cited by 21
Innovation in Isolation? COVID-19 Lockdown Stringency and Culture-Innovation Relationships
Kapoor, H., Ticku, A., Tagat, A., & Karandikar, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.593359 · Cited by 21
Liu, S., & Yin, H. (2023) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2023.104335 · Cited by 20
Udin, U. (2023) · Human Systems Management · doi:10.3233/hsm-230039 · Cited by 22
Mehmood, K., Ullah, U., Usman, M., Abbas, A., & Han, S. (2024) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-024-02242-2 · Cited by 23
Handling inter-organisational conflict based on bargaining power
Lu, W., Wei, Y., & Wang, R. (2020) · International Journal of Conflict Management · doi:10.1108/ijcma-06-2019-0092 · Cited by 20
Shao, B., & Guo, Y. (2020) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726720938123 · Cited by 20
Exemplification and Supervisor‐rated Performance: The moderating role of ethical leadership
Liu, Y., Loi, R. C. H., & Lam, L. W. (2013) · International Journal of Selection and Assessment · doi:10.1111/ijsa.12025 · Cited by 22
Ho, Y., & Lin, C. (2014) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-014-2431-1 · Cited by 20
Transformational Leadership of Afghans and Americans: A Study of Culture, Age and Gender
Kaifi, B. A., & Mujtaba, B. G. (2010) · Journal of Service Science and Management · doi:10.4236/jssm.2010.31019 · Cited by 20
Relationships of Burnout with Job Attitudes and Turnover Intention among Koreans: A Meta-Analysis
박형인, Yang, E., & 남숙경 (2011) · Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.24230/ksiop.24.3.201108.457 · Cited by 20
Carter, M. Z., Self, D. R., Bandow, D., Wheatley, R. L., & Thompson, F. J. (2014) · Cited by 20
Alignment of market orientation and innovation as a success factor: a five-country study
Brettel, M., Oswald, M., & Flatten, T. C. (2012) · Technology Analysis and Strategic Management · doi:10.1080/09537325.2012.647640 · Cited by 20
Dispositional and situational differences in motives to engage in citizenship behavior
Guzman, F. A., & Espejo, Á. (2014) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2014.09.029 · Cited by 20
Liu, Y. (2009) · SMARTech Repository (Georgia Institute of Technology) · Cited by 20
Nguyen, D. T. N., Tuckey, M. R., Teo, S., Le, T.-T., & Khoi, N.-V. (2023) · Public Management Review · doi:10.1080/14719037.2023.2281985 · Cited by 19
Miao, L., & Rasiah, R. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-08522-0 · Cited by 19
E-HRM framework for sustainable performance in higher education
Kisahwan, D., Priatna, D. K., Roswinna, W., Winarno, A., & Hermana, D. (2025) · Sustainable Futures · doi:10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101347 · Cited by 19
Metadata
- Authors
- Kirkman, B. L., Chen, G., Farh, J.-L., Chen, Z. X., & Lowe, K. B.
- Affiliations
- Texas A&M University (US)
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HK)
- Australian National University (AU)
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro (US)
- Venue
- Academy of Management Journal
- Publisher
- Academy of Management
- Published
- 2009-08
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 744-764
- ISSN
- 0001-4273 (ISSN-L)
- 1948-0989
- OpenAlex
- W2065289879
- Cited by
- 1,094
- References
- 117
- Citations by year
- 2026: 63 · 2025: 73 · 2024: 70 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 74 · 2021: 92 · 2020: 86 · 2019: 70 · 2018: 76 · 2017: 65 · 2016: 52 · 2015: 56 · 2014: 63 · 2013: 69 · 2012: 53
- FWCI
- 65.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Academy of Management Journal (publishedVersion)
- ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Business and International Management › Global and Cross-Cultural Management
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Employee Performance and Leadership
- Keywords
- power distance orientation, transformational leadership, procedural justice, organizational citizenship behavior, follower perceptions, cross-level effects, cross-cultural comparison, China–United States comparison, moderating effect
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review