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Chiral Drugs. An Overview
Open accessAbstract
About more than half of the drugs currently in use are chiral compounds and near 90% of the last ones are marketed as racemates consisting of an equimolar mixture of two enantiomers. Although they have the same chemical structure, most isomers of chiral drugs exhibit marked differences in biological activities such as pharmacology, toxicology, pharmacokinetics, metabolism etc. Some mechanisms of these properties are also explained. Therefore, it is important to promote the chiral separation and analysis of racemic drugs in pharmaceutical industry as well as in clinic in order to eliminate the unwanted isomer from the preparation and to find an optimal treatment and a right therapeutic control for the patient. In this article, we review the nomenclature, pharmacology, toxicology, pharmacokinetics, metabolism etc of some usual chiral drugs as well as their mechanisms. Different techniques used for the chiral separation in pharmaceutical industry as well as in clinical analyses are also examined.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Laboratory of Toxicology, F. O. P., Chuong, P.-H., Nguyen, L. A., Department of Pharmacy, L. S. P. C. H., He, H., & Department of Analytical Chemistry, C. P. U.
- ORCID
- He, Hua
- Venue
- International Journal of Biomedical Science
- Published
- 2006-09-15
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 85-100
- ISSN
- 1550-9702 (ISSN-L)
- 1555-2810
- PMC
- PMC3614593
- OpenAlex
- W4390049991
- Cited by
- 1,224
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 81 · 2025: 105 · 2024: 106 · 2023: 110 · 2022: 132 · 2021: 113 · 2020: 136 · 2019: 120 · 2018: 87 · 2017: 69 · 2016: 81 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 1.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- International Journal of Biomedical Science (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Chemistry and Stereochemistry Studies
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Molecular spectroscopy and chirality
- Keywords
- chiral drugs, enantiomers, racemic mixtures, enantiomer separation, pharmaceutical industry
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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