What Is a Neural Correlate of Consciousness?

Facing up to the problem of consciousness.

Chalmers, D. J. (2010) · The Character of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311105.003.0001 · Cited by 300 · see citing works

Consciousness, accessibility, and the mesh between psychology and neuroscience

Block, N. (2007) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x07002786 · Cited by 1,146 · see citing works

Consciousness: here, there and everywhere?

Tononi, G., & Koch, C. (2015) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2014.0167 · Cited by 811 · see citing works

<i>The Neural Correlates of Consciousness</i>: <i>An Update</i>

Tononi, G., & Koch, C. (2008) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1440.004 · Cited by 627 · see citing works

Perceptual awareness negativity: a physiological correlate of sensory consciousness

Dembski, C., Koch, C., & Pitts, M. (2021) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2021.05.009 · Cited by 157 · see citing works

Predictive processing as a systematic basis for identifying the neural correlates of consciousness

Hohwy, J., & Seth, A. (2020) · Philosophy and the Mind Sciences · doi:10.33735/phimisci.2020.ii.64 · Cited by 170 · see citing works

Phenomenal transparency and cognitive self-reference

Metzinger, T. (2003) · Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1023/b:phen.0000007366.42918.eb · Cited by 162 · see citing works

Adversarial testing of global neuronal workspace and integrated information theories of consciousness

Cogitate Consortium, Ferrante, O., Gorska-Klimowska, U., Henin, S., Hirschhorn, R., Khalaf, A., Lepauvre, A., Liu, L., Richter, D., Vidal, Y., et al. (2025) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-025-08888-1 · Cited by 136 · see citing works

Does the Prefrontal Cortex Play an Essential Role in Consciousness? Insights from Intracranial Electrical Stimulation of the Human Brain

Raccah, O., Block, N., & Fox, K. C. R. (2021) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1141-20.2020 · Cited by 96 · see citing works

An academic survey on theoretical foundations, common assumptions and the current state of consciousness science

Francken, J. C., Beerendonk, L., Molenaar, D., Fahrenfort, J. J., Kiverstein, J. D., Seth, A. K., & van Gaal, S. (2022) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niac011 · Cited by 102 · see citing works

Content-free awareness: EEG-fcMRI correlates of consciousness as such in an expert meditator

Winter, U., LeVan, P., Borghardt, T. L., Akin, B., Wittmann, M., Leyens, Y., & Schmidt, S. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03064 · Cited by 63 · see citing works

Consciousness and the fallacy of misplaced objectivity

Ellia, F., Hendren, J., Grasso, M., Kozma, C., Mindt, G., P. Lang, J., M. Haun, A., Albantakis, L., Boly, M., & Tononi, G. (2021) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niab032 · Cited by 57 · see citing works

On the dangers of conflating strong and weak versions of a theory of consciousness

Lau, H., & Michel, M. (2019) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/hjp3s · Cited by 52 · see citing works

Apical amplification—a cellular mechanism of conscious perception?

Marvan, T., Polák, M., Bachmann, T., & Phillips, W. A. (2021) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niab036 · Cited by 45 · see citing works

The search for the neural correlate of consciousness: Progress and challenges

Lepauvre, A., & Melloni, L. (2021) · Philosophy and the Mind Sciences · doi:10.33735/phimisci.2021.87 · Cited by 38 · see citing works

Toward a mature science of consciousness

Wiese, W. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00693 · Cited by 28 · see citing works

The neural correlates of consciousness under the free energy principle: From computational correlates to computational explanation

Wiese, W., & Friston, K. J. (2021) · Philosophy and the Mind Sciences · doi:10.33735/phimisci.2021.81 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Evolving consciousness: insights from Turing, and the shaping of experience.

Lacalli, T. (2020) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2020.598561 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Contextual emergence of mental states.

Atmanspacher, H. (2015) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-015-0658-0 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Consciousness as a Product of Evolution: Contents, Selector Circuits, and Trajectories in Experience Space

Lacalli, T. (2021) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2021.697129 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

An embarrassment of richnesses: the PFC isn’t the content NCC

Kozuch, B. (2024) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niae017 · Cited by 9 · see citing works