Low Bone Mass in Premenopausal Women With Depression

Eskandari, Farideh

doi:10.1001/archinte.167.21.2329

Cited by 157Bone health and osteoporosis researchBone Metabolism and DiseasesMenopause: Health Impacts and Treatments

Low Bone Mass in Premenopausal Women With Depression

Eskandari, Farideh·2007·Archives of Internal Medicine

DOI 10.1001/archinte.167.21.2329

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: An increased prevalence of low bone mineral density (BMD) has been reported in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), mostly women. METHODS: Study recruitment was conducted from July 1, 2001, to February 29, 2003. We report baseline BMD measurements in 89 premenopausal women with MDD and 44 healthy control women enrolled in a prospective study of bone turnover. The BMD was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at the spine, hip, and forearm. Mean hourly levels of plasma 24-hour cytokines, 24-hour urinary free cortisol, and catecholamine excretion were measured in a subset of women. We defined MDD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition). RESULTS: The prevalence of low BMD, defined as a T score of less than -1, was greater in women with MDD vs controls at the femoral neck (17% vs 2%; P = .02) and total hip (15% vs 2%; P = .03) and tended to be greater at the lumbar spine (20% vs 9%; P = .14). The mean +/- SD BMD, expressed as grams per square centimeters, was lower in women with MDD at the femoral neck (0.849 +/- 0.121 vs 0.866 +/- 0.094; P = .05) and at the lumbar spine (1.024 +/- 0.117 vs 1.043 +/- 0.092; P = .05) and tended to be lower at the radius (0.696 +/- 0.049 vs 0.710 +/- 0.055; P = .07). Women with MDD had increased mean levels of 24-hour proinflammatory cytokines and decreased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS: Low BMD is more prevalent in premenopausal women with MDD. The BMD deficits are of clinical significance and comparable in magnitude to those resulting from established risk factors for osteoporosis, such as smoking and reduced calcium intake. The possible contribution of immune or inflammatory imbalance to low BMD in premenopausal women with MDD remains to be clarified.

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Although the association between depression and loss of bone mineral density has been reported inconsistently, most studies have found low bone mineral density in patients with depressive symptoms or major depressive disorder.
“Although the association between depression and loss of BMD has been reported inconsistently, most studies have found low BMD in patients with depressive symptoms or major depressive disorder (477-483).”
From Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders. I. Prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care (2011) · cites this paper as [478]

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Authors: Eskandari, F.
Affiliations: Case Western Reserve University (US)
Corresponding author: Eskandari, Farideh
Venue: Archives of Internal Medicine
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Published: 2007-11-26
Volume: 167
Issue: 21
Pages: 2329
ISSN: 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1001/archinte.167.21.2329
OpenAlex: W2152283790
Cited by: 157
References: 37
Citations by year: 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 22
FWCI: 15.56
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Archives of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
Keywords: major depressive disorder, osteopenia, premenopausal women, osteoporosis risk, bone turnover, inflammatory cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines, urinary free cortisol, catecholamine excretion, femoral neck, lumbar spine, hip
MeSH terms: Adult, Bone Diseases, Catecholamines, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Interleukin-2, Prospective Studies, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Absorptiometry, Photon, Bone Density, Interleukin-6, Interleukin-10, Premenopause, Interleukin-13, Interleukin-1beta

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Low Bone Mass in Premenopausal Women With Depression

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