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Cited by 1,391Blood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesSodium Intake and HealthCardiovascular Function and Risk Factors

Influence of Weight Reduction on Blood Pressure: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

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Neter, Judith E., Stam, Bianca E., Kok, Frans J., Grobbee, Diederick E., Geleijnse, Johanna M.·2003·Hypertension
DOI 10.1161/01.hyp.0000094221.86888.ae
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Abstract

Increased body weight is a strong risk factor for hypertension. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was performed to estimate the effect of weight reduction on blood pressure overall and in population subgroups. Twenty-five randomized, controlled trials (comprising 34 strata) published between 1966 and 2002 with a total of 4874 participants were included. A random-effects model was used to account for heterogeneity among trials. A net weight reduction of −5.1 kg (95% confidence interval [CI], −6.03 to −4.25) by means of energy restriction, increased physical activity, or both reduced systolic blood pressure by −4.44 mm Hg (95% CI, −5.93 to −2.95) and diastolic blood pressure by −3.57 mm Hg (95% CI, −4.88 to −2.25). Blood pressure reductions were −1.05 mm Hg (95% CI, −1.43 to −0.66) systolic and −0.92 mm Hg (95% CI, −1.28 to −0.55) diastolic when expressed per kilogram of weight loss. As expected, significantly larger blood pressure reductions were observed in populations with an average weight loss >5 kg than in populations with less weight loss, both for systolic (−6.63 mm Hg [95% CI, −8.43 to −4.82] vs −2.70 mm Hg [95% CI, −4.59 to −0.81]) and diastolic (−5.12 mm Hg [95% CI, −6.48 to −3.75] vs −2.01 mm Hg [95% CI, −3.47 to −0.54]) blood pressure. The effect on diastolic blood pressure was significantly larger in populations taking antihypertensive drugs than in untreated populations (−5.31 mm Hg [95% CI, −6.64 to −3.99] vs −2.91 mm Hg [95% CI, −3.66 to −2.16]). This meta-analysis clearly shows that weight loss is important for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.

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Authors
Neter, J. E., Stam, B. E., Kok, F. J., Grobbee, D. E., & Geleijnse, J. M.
Affiliations
Utrecht University (NL)
ORCID
Venue
Hypertension
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2003-11
Volume
42
Issue
5
Pages
878-884
ISSN
  • 0194-911X (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4563
DOI
10.1161/01.hyp.0000094221.86888.ae
OpenAlex
W2148897749
Cited by
1,391
References
48
Citations by year
2026: 60 · 2025: 54 · 2024: 79 · 2023: 77 · 2022: 65 · 2021: 84 · 2020: 82 · 2019: 65 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 63 · 2016: 62 · 2015: 59 · 2014: 80 · 2013: 70 · 2012: 80
FWCI
3.43
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
other-oa
Locations
  • Hypertension (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
Keywords
weight loss, blood pressure, caloric restriction, physical activity, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, antihypertensive drugs, obesity
MeSH terms
Blood Pressure, Humans, Hypertension, Weight Loss, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

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