Cited by 265Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsDementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchGenetic Associations and Epidemiology

Autosomal Recessive Causes Likely in Early-Onset Alzheimer Disease

Open access
Wingo, Thomas S.·2012·Archives of Neurology

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To determine the genetic contribution to non-autosomal dominant early-onset Alzheimer disease (EOAD) (onset age ≤60 years) cases and identify the likely mechanism of inheritance in those cases. DESIGN: A liability threshold model of disease was used to estimate heritability of EOAD and late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD) using concordance for AD among parent-offspring pairs. SETTING: The Uniform Data Set, whose participants were collected from 32 US Alzheimer's Disease Centers, maintained by the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals with probable AD and detailed parental history (n = 5370). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The concordance among relatives and heritability of EOAD and late-onset AD. RESULTS: For late-onset AD (n = 4302), we found sex-specific parent-offspring concordance that ranged from approximately 10% to 30%, resulting in a heritability of 69.8% (95% confidence interval, 64.6%-75.0%), and equal heritability for both sexes regardless of parental sex. For EOAD (n = 702), we found that the parent-offspring concordance was 10% or less and concordance among siblings was 21.6%. Early-onset AD heritability was 92% to 100% for all likely values of EOAD prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: We confirm late-onset AD is a highly polygenic disease. By contrast, the data for EOAD suggest it is an almost entirely genetically based disease, and the patterns of observed concordance for parent-offspring pairs and among siblings lead us to reject the hypotheses that EOAD is a purely dominant, mitochondrial, X-linked, or polygenic disorder. The most likely explanation of the data is that approximately 90% of EOAD cases are due to autosomal recessive causes.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1001/archneurol.2011.221

Cites

40 of 40 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Estimates of heritability for early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) are as high as 90-100%.

    “Estimates of heritability for EOAD are as high as 90–100% [24]”

    From Genetic architecture of Alzheimer's disease (2020) · cites this paper as [24]

  • It has been estimated that up to 90% of EOAD may be caused by recessive mutations.

    “it has been estimated that up to 90% of EOAD may be caused by recessive mutations [24]”

    From Genetic architecture of Alzheimer's disease (2020) · cites this paper as [24]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Wingo, T. S.
Affiliations
Emory University (US)
Corresponding author
Wingo, Thomas S.
Venue
Archives of Neurology
Published
2012-01-01
Volume
69
Issue
1
Pages
59
ISSN
0003-9942 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2170959965
Cited by
265
References
40
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 7
FWCI
4.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Archives of Neurology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (U01AG016976)
  • National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000454, AG016976, AG025688)
  • National Institute on Aging (U01AG016976, P50AG025688)
  • National Human Genome Research Institute (R01HG003461)
  • National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
Keywords
early-onset Alzheimer's disease, late-onset Alzheimer's disease, autosomal recessive inheritance, heritability, sibling concordance, liability threshold model, polygenic inheritance
MeSH terms
Adult, Alzheimer Disease, Apolipoproteins E, Family Health, Female, Genotype, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Risk Factors, Cohort Studies, Age of Onset, Genetic Predisposition to Disease

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review