Exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors and child development
Open accessAbstract
Exposure to exogenous chemicals can affect endocrine function at multiple sites and through numerous specific modes of action, which may have far-reaching effects on human health and development. Widespread human exposure to known or suspected endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has been documented in the United States and worldwide, as have trends for increased rates of endocrine-related diseases and disorders among children. While human epidemiology studies of exposure to EDCs and children's health remain extremely limited, a growing body of evidence shows that exposure to a number of chemicals commonly found in consumer goods, personal care products, food, drinking water, and other sources may adversely affect child development through altered endocrine function. This narrative review provides a brief introduction to several common EDCs (with a specific focus on persistent organic pollutants, phthalates, bisphenol A, and contemporary-use pesticides, which represent only a small number of all known or suspected EDCs), an overview of the state of the human evidence for adverse effects of EDCs on child development (fetal growth, early reproductive tract development, pubertal development, neurodevelopment, and obesity), guidance for health care providers based on current knowledge, and recommendations for future research.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Numerous factors may accelerate puberty in humans and animals including a stressful early environment or absence of a father in the household, early exposure to endocrine disruptors, or childhood obesity.
“numerous factors may accelerate puberty in humans and animals including a stressful early environment or absence of a father in the household (Belsky, 2012), early exposure to endocrine disruptors (Meeker, 2012), or childhood obesity (Ahmed et al., 2009)”
From Does puberty mark a transition in sensitive periods for plasticity in the associative neocortex? (2017) · cites this paper as Meeker, 2012
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement
Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., Bourguignon, J.-P., Giudice, L. C., Hauser, R., Prins, G. S., Soto, A. M., Zoeller, R. T., & Gore, A. C. (2009) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2009-0002 · Cited by 4,585 · see citing works
Worldwide trends in childhood overweight and obesity
Wang, Y., & Lobstein, T. (2006) · International Journal of Pediatric Obesity · doi:10.1080/17477160600586747 · Cited by 2,666 · see citing works
Skakkebæk, N. E., Meyts, E. R., & Main, K. M. (2001) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/16.5.972 · Cited by 2,261 · see citing works
Trends in the prevalence of developmental disabilities in US children, 1997-2008
Boyle, C. A., Boulet, S., Schieve, L. A., Cohen, R. A., Blumberg, S. J., Yeargin-Allsopp, M., Visser, S., & Kogan, M. D. (2011) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2010-2989 · Cited by 1,732 · see citing works
Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders in a Total Population Sample
Kim, Y. S., Leventhal, B. L., Koh, Y.-J., Fombonne, E., Laska, E., Lim, E.-C., Cheon, K.-A., Kim, S.-J., Kim, Y.-K., Lee, H., et al. (2011) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.10101532 · Cited by 1,524 · see citing works
Endocrine disrupting chemicals and disease susceptibility
Schug, T. T., Janesick, A., Blumberg, B., & Heindel, J. J. (2011) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.08.007 · Cited by 1,093 · see citing works
Swan, S. H. (2008) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2008.08.007 · Cited by 858 · see citing works
Phthalates and other additives in plastics: human exposure and associated health outcomes
Meeker, J. D., Sathyanarayana, S., & Swan, S. H. (2009) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0268 · Cited by 835 · see citing works
Self-citationSaal, F. S. V., Akingbemi, B. T., Belcher, S. M., Birnbaum, L. S., Crain, D. A., Eriksen, M., Farabollini, F., Guillette, L. J., Hauser, R. B., Heindel, J. J., et al. (2007) · Reproductive Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2007.07.005 · Cited by 712 · see citing works
The question of declining sperm density revisited: an analysis of 101 studies published 1934-1996.
Swan, S. H., Elkin, E. P., & Fenster, L. (2000) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.00108961 · Cited by 708 · see citing works
Main, K. M., Mortensen, G. K., Kaleva, M. M., Boisen, K. A., Damgaard, I. N., Chellakooty, M., Schmidt, I. M., Suomi, A.-M., Virtanen, H. E., Petersen, J. H., et al. (2006) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.8075 · Cited by 696 · see citing works
Prenatal Exposure to PBDEs and Neurodevelopment
Herbstman, J. B., Sjödin, A., Kurzon, M., Lederman, S. A., Jones, R. S., Rauh, V., Needham, L. L., Tang, D. L., Niedzwiecki, M. M., Wang, R. Y., et al. (2010) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.0901340 · Cited by 690 · see citing works
Examination of US puberty-timing data from 1940 to 1994 for secular trends: panel findings
Euling, S. Y., Herman-Giddens, M. E., Lee, P. A., Selevan, S. G., Juul, A., SØrensen, T. I. A., Dunkel, L., Himes, J. H., Teilmann, G., & Swan, S. H. (2008) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2007-1813d · Cited by 662 · see citing works
Recent decline in age at breast development: The Copenhagen Puberty Study
Aksglaede, L., Sørensen, K., Petersen, J. H., Skakkebæk, N. E., & Juul, A. (2009) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2008-2491 · Cited by 626 · see citing works
Increasing incidence of testicular cancer worldwide: a review.
Huyghe, É., Matsuda, T., & Thonneau, P. (2003) · Journal of Urology · doi:10.1097/01.ju.0000053866.68623.da · Cited by 624 · see citing works
Thyroid effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals
Boas, M., Feldt‐Rasmussen, U., & Main, K. M. (2011) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2011.09.005 · Cited by 617 · see citing works
Rudel, R. A., Gray, J., Engel, C. L., Rawsthorne, T. W., Dodson, R. E., Ackerman, J. M., Rizzo, J., Nudelman, J. L., & Brody, J. G. (2011) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1003170 · Cited by 594 · see citing works
Prenatal Phenol and Phthalate Exposures and Birth Outcomes
Wolff, M. S., Engel, S. M., Berkowitz, G. S., Ye, X., Silva, M. J., Zhu, C., Wetmur, J. G., & Calafat, A. M. (2008) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.11007 · Cited by 580 · see citing works
Foster, P. M. D. (2006) · International Journal of Andrology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2605.2005.00563.x · Cited by 579 · see citing works
Colón, I. S., Caro, D., Bourdony, C. J., & Rosario, O. (2000) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.108-2556932 · Cited by 569 · see citing works
Impact of Early-Life Bisphenol A Exposure on Behavior and Executive Function in Children
Braun, J. M., Kalkbrenner, A. E., Calafat, A. M., Yolton, K. A., Ye, X., Dietrich, K. N., & Lanphear, B. P. (2011) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2011-1335 · Cited by 565 · see citing works
In utero exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and duration of human pregnancy.
Latini, G., Felice, C. D., Presta, G., Vecchio, A. D., Paris, I., Ruggieri, F., & Mazzeo, P. (2003) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.6202 · Cited by 525 · see citing works
The Rise in Autism and the Role of Age at Diagnosis
Hertz-Picciotto, I., & Delwiche, L. (2009) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/ede.0b013e3181902d15 · Cited by 522 · see citing works
Wigle, D. T., Arbuckle, T. E., Turner, M. C., Bérubé, A., Yang, Q., Liu, S., & Krewski, D. R. (2008) · Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Part B · doi:10.1080/10937400801921320 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
Organic Diets Significantly Lower Children’s Dietary Exposure to Organophosphorus Pesticides
Lu, C. A., Toepel, K., Irish, R., Fenske, R. A., Barr, D. B., & Bravo, R. (2005) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.8418 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
Flame Retardants in Placenta and Breast Milk and Cryptorchidism in Newborn Boys
Main, K. M., Kiviranta, H., Virtanen, H. E., Sundqvist, E., Tuomisto, J. T., Tuomisto, J., Vartiainen, T., Skakkebæk, N. E., & Toppari, J. (2007) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.9924 · Cited by 378 · see citing works
Exposure to Bisphenol A and Other Phenols in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Premature Infants
Calafat, A. M., Weuve, J., Ye, X., Jia, L. T., Hu, H., Ringer, S., Huttner, K., & Hauser, R. (2009) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.0800265 · Cited by 374 · see citing works
Environmental Exposures and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Review of the Science
Stillerman, K. P., Mattison, D. R., Giudice, L. C., & Woodruff, T. J. (2008) · Reproductive Sciences · doi:10.1177/1933719108322436 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Martin, J. A., Hamilton, B. E., Sutton, P. D., Ventura, S. J., Mathews, T. J., & Osterman, M. J. K. (2010) · PubMed · Cited by 343 · see citing works
A Population-Level Decline in Serum Testosterone Levels in American Men
Travison, T. G., de Araújo, A. B., O’Donnell, A. B., Kupelian, V. A., & McKinlay, J. B. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-1375 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Environmental Factors and Puberty Timing: Expert Panel Research Needs
Louis, G. M. B., Gray, L. E., Marcus, M., Ojeda, S. R., Pescovitz, O. H., Witchel, S. F., Sippell, W. G., Abbott, D. H., Soto, A. M., Tyl, R. W., et al. (2008) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.1813e · Cited by 334 · see citing works
The Pine River statement: human health consequences of DDT use
Eskenazi, B., Chevrier, J., Rosas, L. G., Anderson, H. A., Bornman, M. S., Bouwman, H., Chen, A., Cohn, B. A., de Jager, C., Henshel, D. S., et al. (2009) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.11748 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Govarts, E., Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J., Schoeters, G. E. R., Ballester, F., Bloemen, K., de Boer, M. R., Chevrier, C., Eggesbø, M. Å., Guxens, M., Krämer, U., et al. (2011) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1103767 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Landrigan, P. J., & Goldman, L. R. (2011) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0151 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Wolff, M. S., Teitelbaum, S. L., Pinney, S. M., Windham, G. C., Liao, L., Biro, F. M., Kushi, L. H., Erdmann, C., Hiatt, R. A., Rybak, M. E., et al. (2010) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.0901690 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Thyroid-Disrupting Chemicals: Interpreting Upstream Biomarkers of Adverse Outcomes
Miller, M. D., Crofton, K. M., Rice, D. C., & Zoeller, R. T. (2009) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.0800247 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Green, R., Hauser, R. B., Calafat, A. M., Weuve, J., Schettler, T., Ringer, S. A., Huttner, K. M., & Hu, H. (2005) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.7932 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Increase in congenital hypothyroidism in New York State and in the United States
Harris, K. B., & Pass, K. A. (2007) · Molecular Genetics and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2007.03.012 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Prenatal phthalate exposure and reduced masculine play in boys
Swan, S. H., Liu, F., Hines, M., Kruse, R. L., Wang, C., Redmon, J. B., Sparks, A., & Weiss, B. (2010) · International Journal of Andrology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2605.2009.01019.x · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Urinary Phthalate Metabolites in Relation to Preterm Birth in Mexico City
Meeker, J. D., Hu, H., Cantonwine, D. E., Lamadrid‐Figueroa, H., Calafat, A. M., Ettinger, A. S., Hernández‐Ávila, M., Loch-Caruso, R. K., & Téllez‐Rojo, M. M. (2009) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.0800522 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Self-citationPilot Study of Urinary Biomarkers of Phytoestrogens, Phthalates, and Phenols in Girls
Wolff, M. S., Teitelbaum, S. L., Windham, G. C., Pinney, S. M., Britton, J. A., Chelimo, C., Godbold, J., Biro, F. M., Kushi, L. H., Pfeiffer, C. M., et al. (2006) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.9488 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Association of endocrine disruptors and obesity: perspectives from epidemiological studies
Hatch, E. E., Nelson, J. W., Stahlhut, R. W., & Webster, T. F. (2010) · International Journal of Andrology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2605.2009.01035.x · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Phthalate Levels and Low Birth Weight: A Nested Case-Control Study of Chinese Newborns
Zhang, Y., Lin, L., Cao, Y., Chen, B., Zheng, L., & Ge, R. (2009) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.04.007 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Foetal exposure to phthalate esters and anogenital distance in male newborns
Suzuki, Y., Yoshinaga, J., Mizumoto, Y., Serizawa, S., & Shiraishi, H. (2011) · International Journal of Andrology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01190.x · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Bisphenol a exposure in Mexico City and risk of prematurity: a pilot nested case control study
Cantonwine, D. E., Meeker, J. D., Hu, H., Sánchez, B. N., Lamadrid‐Figueroa, H., Mercado‐García, A., Fortenberry, G. Z., Calafat, A. M., & Téllez‐Rojo, M. M. (2010) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/1476-069x-9-62 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Self-citationChildhood Obesity and Environmental Chemicals
Merrill, M. A. L., & Birnbaum, L. S. (2011) · Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine A Journal of Translational and Personalized Medicine · doi:10.1002/msj.20229 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Hypothesis: exposure to endocrine‐disrupting chemicals may interfere with timing of puberty
Mouritsen, A., Aksglæde, L., Sørensen, K., Mogensen, S. S., Leffers, H. C. B., Main, K. M., Frederiksen, H. W., Andersson, A., Skakkebæk, N. E., & Juul, A. (2010) · International Journal of Andrology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2605.2010.01051.x · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Minireview: The Case for Obesogens
Grün, F., & Blumberg, B. (2009) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/me.2008-0485 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Verhulst, S. L., Nelen, V., Hond, E. D., Koppen, G., Beunckens, C., Vael, C., Schoeters, G. E. R., & Desager, K. (2008) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.0800003 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Ormond, G., Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J., Nelson, P., Toledano, M. B., Iszatt, N., Geneletti, S., & Elliott, P. (2008) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.11933 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Adibi, J. J., Hauser, R. B., Williams, P. L., Whyatt, R. M., Calafat, A. M., Nelson, H. H., Herrick, R. F., & Swan, S. H. (2009) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwp001 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Genital anomalies in boys and the environment
Main, K. M., Skakkebæk, N. E., Virtanen, H. E., & Toppari, J. (2010) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.beem.2009.10.003 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Endocrine Disruptors and Abnormalities of Pubertal Development
Schoeters, G. E. R., Hond, E. D., Dhooge, W., Larebeke, N. V., & Leijs, M. M. (2008) · Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology · doi:10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00180.x · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Environment and women's reproductive health
Caserta, D., Mantovani, A., Marci, R., Fazi, A., Ciardo, F., Rocca, C. L., Maranghi, F., & Moscarini, M. (2011) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmq061 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Bisphenol A and children's health
Braun, J. M., & Hauser, R. B. (2011) · Current Opinion in Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/mop.0b013e3283445675 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Prenatal Di(2-ethylhexyl)Phthalate Exposure and Length of Gestation Among an Inner-City Cohort
Whyatt, R. M., Adibi, J. J., Calafat, A. M., Camann, D., Rauh, V., Bhat, H. K., Perera, F. P., Andrews, H., Just, A. C., Hoepner, L., et al. (2009) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2009-0325 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Association of Prenatal Exposure to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Infant Birth Weight
Harley, K. G., Chevrier, J., Schall, R. A., et al. (2011) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwr212 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Exposure to environmental endocrine disrupting compounds and men's health
Meeker, J. D. (2010) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2010.03.001 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Self-citationPesticides and child neurodevelopment
Rosas, L. G., & Eskenazi, B. (2008) · Current Opinion in Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/mop.0b013e3282f60a7d · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Plasma Phthalate Levels in Pubertal Gynecomastia
Durmaz, E., Özmert, E. N., Erkekoğlu, P., Giray, B., Derman, O., Hıncal, F., & Yurdakök, K. (2010) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2009-0724 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Aguiar, A., Eubig, P. A., & Schantz, S. L. (2010) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1002326 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
In utero exposure to bisphenol-A and its effect on birth weight of offspring
Miao, M., Yuan, W., Zhu, G., He, X., & Li, D. (2011) · Reproductive Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.03.002 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides and neurodevelopment
Korrick, S. A., & Sagiv, S. K. (2008) · Current Opinion in Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/mop.0b013e3282f6a4e9 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Environmental Neurotoxicants and Developing Brain
Miodovnik, A. (2011) · Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine A Journal of Translational and Personalized Medicine · doi:10.1002/msj.20237 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Gaspari, L., Paris, F., Jandel, C., Kalfa, N., Orsini, M., Daurès, J., & Sultan, C. (2011) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/der283 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Titus-Ernstoff, L. T., Troisi, R. J., Hatch, E. E., et al. (2009) · International Journal of Andrology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2605.2009.01010.x · Cited by 108 · see citing works
van Vliet, E., Reitano, E. M., Chhabra, J., Bergen, G., & Whyatt, R. M. (2011) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/jp.2010.208 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Dhooge, W., Hond, E. D., Koppen, G., Bruckers, L. M., Nelen, V., de Mieroop, E. V., Bilau, M., Croes, K., Baeyens, W., Schoeters, G. E. R., et al. (2010) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2010.01.005 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Parent, A.-S., Naveau, E., Gerard, A., Bourguignon, J.-P., & Westbrook, G. L. (2011) · Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B · doi:10.1080/10937404.2011.578556 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Children's Health and the Environment: An Overview
Landrigan, P. J., & Miodovnik, A. (2011) · Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine A Journal of Translational and Personalized Medicine · doi:10.1002/msj.20236 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Vogel, S. A., & Roberts, J. A. V. (2011) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0211 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Harding, A. K., Daston, G. P., Boyd, G. R., et al. (2006) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.8875 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Toxics use reduction in the home: lessons learned from household exposure studies
Dunagan, S. C., Dodson, R. E., Rudel, R. A., & Brody, J. G. (2010) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2010.06.012 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Phthalates: Human Exposure and Related Health Effects
Meeker, J. D., & Ferguson, K. K. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118184141.ch13 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationClinical Services in Environmental Pediatrics
Paulson, J. A., & Gordon, L. (2011) · Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine A Journal of Translational and Personalized Medicine · doi:10.1002/msj.20230 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
EDC-2: the endocrine society's second scientific statement on endocrine-disrupting chemicals
Gore, A. C., Chappell, V. A., Fenton, S. E., Flaws, J. A., Nadal, A., Prins, G. S., Toppari, J., & Zoeller, R. T. (2015) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2015-1010 · Cited by 2,407 · see citing works
<scp>N</scp> icotine and the adolescent brain
Yuan, M., Cross, S. J., Loughlin, S. E., & Leslie, F. M. (2015) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp270492 · Cited by 582 · see citing works
Parabens as chemicals of emerging concern in the environment and humans: a review
Wei, F., Mortimer, M., Cheng, H., Sang, N., & Guo, L.-H. (2021) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146150 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Does puberty mark a transition in sensitive periods for plasticity in the associative neocortex?
Piekarski, D. J., Johnson, C. M., Boivin, J. R., Thomas, A. W., Lin, W. C., Delevich, K., M. Galarce, E., & Wilbrecht, L. (2017) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2016.08.042 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Praegnatio Perturbatio—Impact of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals
Padmanabhan, V., Song, W., & Puttabyatappa, M. (2021) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnaa035 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
The role of phthalate esters in autism development: A systematic review
Jeddi, M. Z., Janani, L., Memari, A. H., Akhondzadeh, S., & yunesian, M. (2016) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2016.08.021 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Yuan, J., Liu, Y., Wang, J., Zhao, Y., Li, K., Jing, Y., Zhang, X., Liu, Q., Geng, X., Li, G., et al. (2018) · The Journals of Gerontology: Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/gly002 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
- Authors
- Meeker, J. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- Meeker, John D.
- ORCID
- Meeker, John D.
- Venue
- Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2012-10-01
- Volume
- 166
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 952-7
- ISSN
- 1072-4710 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3572204
- OpenAlex
- W2110172798
- Cited by
- 294
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 14.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01ES018872, P20ES018171, R01ES021465, P42ES017198, P30ES017885)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Keywords
- endocrine disruptors, child development, persistent organic pollutants, phthalates, bisphenol A, fetal growth, reproductive tract development, pubertal development, brain development, childhood obesity, endocrine function, consumer goods, personal care products, drinking water, food exposure
- MeSH terms
- Child, Child Development, Endocrine System Diseases, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Pollutants, Humans, Endocrine Disruptors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
