The DOI matches its Crossref record; 73 of the 73 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 52 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Gait speed and survival in older adults.
Open accessAbstract
CONTEXT: Survival estimates help individualize goals of care for geriatric patients, but life tables fail to account for the great variability in survival. Physical performance measures, such as gait speed, might help account for variability, allowing clinicians to make more individualized estimates. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between gait speed and survival. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Pooled analysis of 9 cohort studies (collected between 1986 and 2000), using individual data from 34,485 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years or older with baseline gait speed data, followed up for 6 to 21 years. Participants were a mean (SD) age of 73.5 (5.9) years; 59.6%, women; and 79.8%, white; and had a mean (SD) gait speed of 0.92 (0.27) m/s. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Survival rates and life expectancy. RESULTS: There were 17,528 deaths; the overall 5-year survival rate was 84.8% (confidence interval [CI], 79.6%-88.8%) and 10-year survival rate was 59.7% (95% CI, 46.5%-70.6%). Gait speed was associated with survival in all studies (pooled hazard ratio per 0.1 m/s, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.87-0.90; P < .001). Survival increased across the full range of gait speeds, with significant increments per 0.1 m/s. At age 75, predicted 10-year survival across the range of gait speeds ranged from 19% to 87% in men and from 35% to 91% in women. Predicted survival based on age, sex, and gait speed was as accurate as predicted based on age, sex, use of mobility aids, and self-reported function or as age, sex, chronic conditions, smoking history, blood pressure, body mass index, and hospitalization. CONCLUSION: In this pooled analysis of individual data from 9 selected cohorts, gait speed was associated with survival in older adults.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
43 Own result · 15 Sources not found · 9 Own interpretation · 7 Own method
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Stratification by sex-specific median height failed to show systematic differences in survival rates between short and tall participants, so results presented are not stratified by height.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In some subsets of slow walkers of Hispanic descent, survival rates were 10% to 20% higher than in other groups (eTable 2).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At age 75, predicted 10-year survival across the range of gait speeds ranged from 19% to 87% in men and from 35% to 91% in women.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > Abstract > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Stratification by race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic white, black, Hispanic) suggested generally similar survival rates by gait speed among age and sex groups.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Gait speed was associated with survival in all studies (pooled hazard ratio per 0.1 m/s, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.87–0.90; P<. 001).”
- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
“The overall HR for survival per each 0.1 m/s faster gait speed was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.87–0.90; P<.001) when pooled across all studies using a random-effects meta-analytic statistical approach”
- Also stated in: § Conclusion · plain
“In this pooled analysis of individual data from 9 selected cohorts, gait speed was associated with survival in older adults.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > Abstract > Results
plaincorrelationaln = 9- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § RESULTS · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Gait speeds of 1.0 m/s or higher consistently demonstrated survival that was longer than expected by age and sex alone.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
boostedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Gait speed added substantially37 to age and sex in 7 of the 9 studies and in the pooled analysis.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Gait speed, age, and sex yielded a C statistic (0.734) that was not significantly different from age, sex, mobility aids, and functional status (0.732; (P=.95; Table 3).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Three studies had sufficiently consistent data on functional status at baseline to allow pooling.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although the sample size of very slow walkers was small, our data suggest that there may be a subpopulation who walk very slowly but survive for long periods.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Probably not a substantial claim. 30
- It may state two separate claims as one. 40
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Study follow-up time ranged from 6.0 to 21.0 years, with participants followed up for a mean of 12.2 and a median of 13.8 years.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Of the total, 59.6% were women.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Predicted years of remaining life for each sex and age increased as gait speed increased, with a gait speed of about 0.8 m/s at the median life expectancy at most ages for both sexes (Figure 2; a PDF of enlarged graphs is available at http://www.jama.com).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Similarly, there was a wide range of gait speeds, from less than 0.4 m/s (n=1247) to more than 1.4 m/s (n=1491).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plainn = 1,491- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In this older adult population, the relationship of gait speed with remaining years of life was consistent across age groups, but the absolute number of expected remaining years of life was larger at younger ages.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For 70-year-old men, life expectancy ranged from 7 to 23 years and for women, from 10 to 30 years.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There were substantial numbers of African American (n=3852) and Hispanic (n=2650) participants.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plainn = 3,852- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Mortality rates appear to be related to length of follow-up (Table 1).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Predicted survival based on age, sex, and gait speed was as accurate as predicted based on age, sex, use of mobility aids, and self-reported function or as age, sex, chronic conditions, smoking history, blood pressure, body mass index, and hospitalization.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > Abstract > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In women, the probability of 5-year survival remained greater than 0.5 until advanced age (eFigure 3B), but 10-year survival at age 75 years ranged from 0.34 to 0.92 and at age 80 years from 0.22 to 0.86 (eFigure 4B).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For the 3 levels of functional status (independent, difficulty with instrumental ADLs, and dependent in ADLs), the pooled HR per 0.1-m/s increase in gait speed for those who were independent was 0.92 (P= .005), for those with difficulty in instrumental activities was also 0.92 (P<.001) but was 0.94 (P=.02) among those dependent in ADLs.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The studies had a wide age range, including 1765 persons older than 85 years.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plainn = 1,765- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There were consistent associations across studies, although given the large sample sizes, Q statistics were often statistically significant (details available in eFigure 1A–M available at http://www.jama.com).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Age-adjusted HRs by study ranged from 0.83 to 0.94 and all were significant (P<.001; Figure 1).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“When dichotomized at a score of 100 into low and high activity, MrOS had consistent and statistically significant HRs for low (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.81–0.88) and high (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.84–0.90) physical”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In the pooled sample, median survival in years for the age groups 65 through 74 years was 12.6 for men and 16.8 for women; for 75 through 84 years, 7.9 for men and 10.5 for women; and for 85 years or older, 4.6 for men and 6.4 years for women (eTable 3 available at http://www.jama.com).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Gait speed was associated with differences in the probability of survival at all ages in both sexes, but was especially informative after age 75 years.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There were 17 528 deaths; the overall 5-year survival rate was 84.8% (confidence interval [CI], 79.6%–88.8%)and 10-year survival rate was 59.7% (95%CI, 46.5%–70.6%).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > Abstract > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Further adjustment for sex, BMI, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, diseases, prior hospitalization, and self-reported health did not change the results (overall HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.89–0.91; P<.001).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In men, the probability of 5-year survival at age 85 ranged from 0.3 to 0.88 (eFigure 3A) and the probability of 10-year survival at age 75 years ranged from 0.18 to 0.86 (eFigure 4A).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Survival increased across the full range of gait speeds, with significant increments per 0.1 m/s.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > Abstract > Results
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The 9 participating studies contributed a total of 34 485 participants (Table 1).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plainn = 34,485- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There were 17 528 total deaths across all studies, with rates varying from 18.40% to 91.87% in individual studies.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In the Hispanic EPESE, the HR for low physical activity was significant (0.92; 95% CI, 0.88–0.96) but the HR for higher physical activity was not (0.99; 95% CI, 0.95–1.04).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Pooled HRs for all subgroups except functional status were consistently in the range of 0.81 to 0.92 and all were significant (P<.002).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“C statistics for age, sex, and gait speed were greater than those for age, sex, and chronic diseases in 4 of 9 studies, approximately equivalent in 5 studies and inferior in no studies.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For 10-year survival, 6 studies had sufficient follow-up time to perform many of the analyses (Table 3).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We assessed usual vs fast gait speed in the single study with both measures (Invecciare in Chianti18 study: usual, 0.727 [95% CI, 0.678–0.776]; fast, 0.684 [95% CI, 0.630–0.739]), suggesting that fast walks did not have an advantage in survival prediction over usual-paced walks.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For these studies, gait speed, age, and sex yielded a C statistic (0.741) that was not significantly different (P=.78) from age, sex, mobility aids, and functional status (P=.75; Table 3).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Gait speed added predictive ability to age and sex in 4 of 6 studies and in the pooled analysis.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In our data, predicted life expectancy at the median for age and sex occurs at about 0.8 m/s; faster gait speeds predict life expectancy beyond the median.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Gait speed has been recommended as a potentially useful clinical indicator of well-being among the older adults.14”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > Abstract > Conclusion
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [14]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Because physical activity measures were not sufficiently consistent across studies, effects could not be pooled.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Gait speed could be considered a simple and accessible summary indicator of vitality because it integrates known and unrecognized disturbances in multiple organ systems, many of which affect survival.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
In the paper
“Only a few models assess overall predictive capacity using C statistics; the reported values are in the range found in the present study (published area under the curve range, 0.66–0.8261 vs this study, 0.717 and 0.737).”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [61]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Because gait speed can be assessed by nonprofessional staff using a 4-m walkway and a stopwatch,21 it is relatively simple to measure compared with many medical assessments.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [21]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“Several authors have proposed that gait speeds faster than 1.0 m/s suggest healthier aging while gait speeds slower than 0.6 m/s increase the likelihood of poor health and function.7,21”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [7]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [21]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The participating study cohorts, while large and diverse, do not represent the universe of possible data.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The strengths of this study are the very large sample of individual participant data from multiple diverse populations of community-dwelling elders who were followed up for many years and use of consistent measures of performance and outcome.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Gait speed might help refine survival estimates in clinical practice or research because it is simple and informative.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although the gait speed–survival relationship seems continuous across the entire range, cut points may help interpretation.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Also, participants in these studies had no prior knowledge about the meaning of walking speed.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“Slowing gait may reflect both damaged systems and a high-energy cost of walking.13,39–54”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [13]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [39]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [40]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [41]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [42]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [43]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [44]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [45]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [46]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [47]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Gait speed, age, and sex may offer the clinician tools for assessing expected survival to contribute to tailoring goals of care in older adults.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We were unable to assess the association of physical activity with survival in pooled analyses because measures of activity were highly variable across studies.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“However, median years of survival in this study resemble estimates for US adults across the sex and age range assessed.62”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [62]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Only 1 of the 9 studies was based in clinical practice,21 and advanced dementia is rare in populations who are competent to consent for research.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [21]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“Prior analyses used single cohorts and presented results as relative rather than absolute risk, as done herein.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [6]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [7]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [9]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [10]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [11]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [12]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [55]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [56]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“Some models use self-reported information but others also include physiological or performance data, for a total of 4 to more than 10 predictive factors.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [3]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [4]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [5]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [57]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [58]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [59]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [60]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This study has the limitations of observational research; it cannot establish causal relationships and is vulnerable to various forms of healthy volunteer bias.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The research studies analyzed herein used trained staff to measure gait speed. Staffin clinical settings would need initial training and may produce more variable results.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Others propose one cutoff around 0.8 m/s.13”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [13]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“Long-distance walks have become accepted in some medical fields and may contribute information beyond short walks.66–68”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [66]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [67]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [68]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The results found herein suggest that gait speed appears to be especially informative in older persons who report either no function all imitations or only difficulty with instrumental ADLs and may be less helpful for older adults who already report dependence in basic ADLs.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“Similarly, mortality prediction models have been developed.3–5,57–60”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [3]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [4]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [5]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [57]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [58]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [59]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [60]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, the longer distance and time to perform the test may limit feasibility in many clinical settings.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > COMMENT
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
There are currently no well-established approaches to predicting life expectancy that incorporate health and function.
“There are currently no well-established approaches to predicting life expectancy that incorporate health and function, although several models have been developed from individual data sources.3–5”
The paper relies on this without support.
Survival estimates help individualize goals of care for geriatric patients.
“Survival estimates help individualize goals of care for geriatric patients, but life tables fail to account for the great variability in survival.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Advanced dementia is rare in populations who are competent to consent for research.
“Only 1 of the 9 studies was based in clinical practice,21 and advanced dementia is rare in populations who are competent to consent for research.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The Edmonton Frail Scale is a multi-dimensional assessment instrument that includes the TUGT, and a test for cognitive impairment (108). It is quick to administer (less than 5 minutes) and is valid, reliable and feasible for routine use by non-geriatricians”
From Frailty in elderly people (2013) · cites this paper as [108]
In the citing paper
“Moreover, gait speed was associated with survival in pooled analysis of individual data from 9 cohort studies (pooled HR per 0.1 m/s: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.87–0.90, P < 0.001) (78).”
From Health Consequences of Sarcopenic Obesity: A Narrative Review (2020) · cites this paper as [78]
In the citing paper
“including a significant association with survival at increments of 0.1 m/s.84”
In the citing paper
“accumulating evidence from both preclinical studies and recent human clinical trials strongly suggests that Mt have a key role in the pathogenesis of age-related functional decline, marked by slower walking speed.(Hiona and Leeuwenburgh 2008;Studenski, Perera, Patel, Rosano, Faulkner, Inzitari, Brach, Chandler, Cawthon, Connor, Nevitt, Visser, Kritchevsky, Badinelli, Harris, Newman, Cauley, Ferru”
From Successful aging: Advancing the science of physical independence in older adults (2015) · cites this paper as Studenski et al. 2011
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
“SPPB, 0.738”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
“95% CI, 0.690–0.735”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > Abstract > Results
“At age 75, predicted 10-year survival across the range of gait speeds ranged from 19% to 87% in men and from 35% to 91% in women.”
§ Gait Speed and Survival in Older Adults > RESULTS
“In men, the probability of 5-year survival at age 85 ranged from 0.3 to 0.88 (eFigure 3A) and the probability of 10-year survival at age 75 years ranged from 0.18 to 0.86 (eFigure 4A). In women, the probability of 5-year survival remained greater than 0.5 until advanced age (eFigure 3B), but 10-year survival at age 75 years ranged from 0.34 to 0.92”
Citations
Cites
Meta-analysis in clinical trials
DerSimonian, R., & Laird, N. (1986) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/0197-2456(86)90046-2 · Cited by 39,552 · cited 6×
“6 77 (72-81) 57 (49-64) 31 (24-39) 88 (85-90) 75 (68-80) 61 (50-70) 53 (41-64) 23 (15-31) 6 (3-11) 67 (61-72) 42 (36-48) 18 (9-30)”
InfluentialQuantifying heterogeneity in a meta‐analysis
Higgins, J. P. T., & Thompson, S. G. (2002) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.1186 · Cited by 36,763 · cited 6×
“6 77 (72-81) 57 (49-64) 31 (24-39) 88 (85-90) 75 (68-80) 61 (50-70) 53 (41-64) 23 (15-31) 6 (3-11) 67 (61-72) 42 (36-48) 18 (9-30)”
InfluentialThe Statistical Analysis of Failure Time Data.
Aitkin, M. A., Kalbfleisch, J. D., & Prentice, R. L. (1981) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2530581 · Cited by 9,875
Guralnik, J. M., Simonsick, E. M., Ferrucci, L., Glynn, R. J., Berkman, L. F., Blazer, D. G., Scherr, P. A., & Wallace, R. B. (1994) · Journal of Gerontology · doi:10.1093/geronj/49.2.m85 · Cited by 9,792 · cited 3×
“8 79 (74-83) 65 (57-71) 49 (35-61) 91 (89-93) 82 (78-86) 74 (69-78) 57 (52-62) 31 (24-38) 11 (3-28) 74 (71-77) 52 (46-57) 23 (18-28)”
Modeling Survival Data: Extending the Cox Model
Therneau, T. M., & Grambsch, P. M. (2000) · Statistics for Biology and Health · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-3294-8 · Cited by 8,674
The combination of estimates from different experiments
Cochran, W. G. (1954) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/3001666 · Cited by 5,380 · cited 5×
“6 77 (72-81) 57 (49-64) 31 (24-39) 88 (85-90) 75 (68-80) 61 (50-70) 53 (41-64) 23 (15-31) 6 (3-11) 67 (61-72) 42 (36-48) 18 (9-30)”
InfluentialStatistical Models and Methods for Lifetime Data
Lawless, J. F. (2002) · Wiley series in probability and statistics · doi:10.1002/9781118033005 · Cited by 4,521
The Cardiovascular Health Study: design and rationale.
Fried, L. P., Borhani, N. O., Enright, P., Furberg, C. D., Gardin, J. M., Kronmal, R. A., Kuller, L. H., Manolio, T. A., Mittelmark, M. B., Newman, A., et al. (1991) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/1047-2797(91)90005-w · Cited by 3,652
Survival Analysis Techniques for Censored and Truncated Data
Rao, M. B., Klein, J. P., & Moeschberger, M. L. (1998) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270658 · Cited by 3,617
The physical activity scale for the elderly (PASE): Development and evaluation
Washburn, R. A., Smith, K. W., Jette, A. M., & Janney, C. A. (1993) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/0895-4356(93)90053-4 · Cited by 3,256 · cited 3×
“8 79 (74-83) 65 (57-71) 49 (35-61) 91 (89-93) 82 (78-86) 74 (69-78) 57 (52-62) 31 (24-38) 11 (3-28) 74 (71-77) 52 (46-57) 23 (18-28)”
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 1,301–1,400 of 4,515
The value of walking: A systematic review on mobility and healthcare costs
Wohlrab, M., Klenk, J., Delgado-Ortiz, L., Chambers, M., Rochester, L., Zuchowski, M., Schwab, M., Becker, C., & Jaeger, S. U. (2022) · European Review of Aging and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s11556-022-00310-3 · Cited by 26
Pedauyé-Rueda, B., García-Fernández, P., Maicas-Pérez, L., Maté‐Muñoz, J. L., & Hernández-Lougedo, J. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13092520 · Cited by 33
“The EWGSOP2 includes tests for the evaluation of physical performance, the TUG and SPPB, both of which are related to mortality [57,58].”
MethodRecruitment and Screening for the Testosterone Trials
Cauley, J. A., Fluharty, L., Ellenberg, S. S., Gill, T. M., Ensrud, K. E., Barrett-Connor, E. L., Cifelli, D., Cunningham, G. R., Matsumoto, A. M., Bhasin, S., et al. (2015) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glv031 · Cited by 30
Patient Evaluation and Selection for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: The Heart Team Approach
Sintek, M. A., & Zajarías, A. (2014) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2014.02.003 · Cited by 29
Pharmaceutical Interventions for Frailty and Sarcopenia
Laosa, O., Alonso, C., Castro, M., & Rodríguez‐Mañas, L. (2014) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/13816128113196660705 · Cited by 29
STEINER, M. C., Roubenoff, R., Tal‐Singer, R., & Polkey, M. I. (2012) · Thorax · doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-201765 · Cited by 28
Ward, R. E., Caserotti, P., Cauley, J. A., Boudreau, R. M., Goodpaster, B. H., Vinik, A. I., Newman, A. B., & Strotmeyer, E. S. (2016) · Aging and Disease · doi:10.14336/ad.2015.1127 · Cited by 29
“12 m/s, which exceeds the magnitude of clinically meaningful change and the difference associated with important outcomes like declines in self-reported mobility [25] and decreased survival [26].”
BackgroundBarbat‐Artigas, S., Carvalho, L. P., Rolland, Y., Vellas, B. J., & Aubertin‐Leheudre, M. (2016) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2016.06.026 · Cited by 32
Basal body temperature as a biomarker of healthy aging
Simonsick, E. M., Meier, H. C. S., Shaffer, N. C., Studenski, S. A., & Ferrucci, L. (2016) · AGE · doi:10.1007/s11357-016-9952-8 · Cited by 29
Self-citationTrajectories of Quality of Life and Associated Risk Factors in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis
Han, A., & Gellhorn, A. C. (2018) · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/phm.0000000000000926 · Cited by 29
“We sought to identify and characterize QOL trajectories in knee OA.”
InfluentialLong-term effects of functional impairment on fracture risk and mortality in postmenopausal women
Rikkonen, T., Poole, K. E. S., Sirola, J. P., Sund, R., Honkanen, R., & Kröger, H. (2018) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-018-4588-4 · Cited by 29
“372 Tests like timed up and go or gait speed have previously shown evidence for long-term prediction 373 of falls, fractures and survival in the elderly (41-43).”
MethodKorn, O., Buchweitz, L., Rees, A., Bieber, G., Werner, C., & Hauer, K. A. (2018) · Advances in intelligent systems and computing · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-94229-2_21 · Cited by 30
Sattar, S., Kenis, C., Haase, K. R., Burhenn, P., Stolz-Baskett, P., Milisen, K., Ayala, A. P., & Puts, M. T. E. (2019) · Journal of Geriatric Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.jgo.2019.03.020 · Cited by 29
Jung, H., Roh, H., Kim, S., Kim, S. Y., Kim, M., & Won, C. W. (2019) · Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research · doi:10.4235/agmr.19.0016 · Cited by 29
Osawa, Y., Shaffer, N. C., Shardell, M. D., Studenski, S. A., & Ferrucci, L. (2019) · Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle · doi:10.1002/jcsm.12458 · Cited by 31
Self-citationPosch, M., Schranz, A., Lener, M., Tecklenburg, K., Burtscher, M., Ruedl, G., Niedermeier, M., & Wlaschek, W. (2019) · Clinical Interventions in Aging · doi:10.2147/cia.s230008 · Cited by 29
“10 m/s in walking speed is considered as a substantial change(56) and improves physical function and quality of life.(53) Therefore, the training intervention program was highly effective in improving gait speed far more than 0.”
BackgroundHanding, E. P., Leng, X., Kritchevsky, S. B., et al. (2020) · Innovation in Aging · doi:10.1093/geroni/igaa050 · Cited by 29
“Slowing in gait speed has been shown to be a valuable signal of potential health concerns including increased risk of disability (6), falls (7), and mortality (8).”
BackgroundPrevalence of Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Valencia, Spain
Guillamón-Escudero, C., Diago-Galmés, A., Tenías, J. M., Soriano, J. M., & Garrido, J. F. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17239130 · Cited by 29
“The physical performance of the participants was measured by the 4 m speed test [15,36] and, in addition to the “Short Physical Performance Battery” test (SPPB test), following recommendations proposed by the EWGSOP [3].”
MethodWalking Speed Measurement Technology: a Review
MejiaCruz, Y., Franco, J. M., Hainline, G., et al. (2021) · Current Geriatrics Reports · doi:10.1007/s13670-020-00349-z · Cited by 29
Diago-Galmés, A., Guillamón-Escudero, C., Tenías, J. M., Soriano, J. M., & Garrido, J. F. (2021) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology10020093 · Cited by 32
“The physical performance of the participants was measured by the 4 m speed test [34,35] following recommendations proposed by the EWGSOP [5].”
MethodFransen, B. L., Pijnappels, M. A. G. M., Butter, I. K., Burger, B. J., van Dieën, J. H., & Hoozemans, M. J. M. (2021) · Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00402-021-03915-y · Cited by 29
Obuchi, S. P., Kawai, H., Ejiri, M., Ito, K., & Murakawa, K. (2021) · Gait & Posture · doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.05.005 · Cited by 28
Early manifestation of gait alterations in the Tg2576 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Nyúl‐Tóth, Á., DelFavero, J., Mukli, P., Tarantini, A., Ungvari, A., Yabluchanskiy, A., Csiszár, A., Ungvari, Z. I., & Tarantini, S. (2021) · GeroScience · doi:10.1007/s11357-021-00401-6 · Cited by 29
Ross, D., Wagshul, M. E., İzzetoğlu, M., & Holtzer, R. (2021) · GeroScience · doi:10.1007/s11357-021-00379-1 · Cited by 31
Association Between Visual Field Damage and Gait Dysfunction in Patients With Glaucoma
Jian‐Yu, E., Mihailović, A., Garzón, C., et al. (2021) · JAMA Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2021.2617 · Cited by 29
Vive, S., Elam, C., & Käll, L. B. (2021) · Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106023 · Cited by 29
Brand, Y. E., Schwartz, D., Gazit, E., Buchman, A. S., Gilad-Bachrach, R., & Hausdorff, J. M. (2022) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s22187094 · Cited by 30
“Recent works suggest that quantifying more diverse facets of gait may improve predictions of specific adverse health outcomes [13,14].”
BackgroundIoT-Enabled Gait Assessment: The Next Step for Habitual Monitoring
Young, F., Mason, R., Morris, R., Stuart, S., & Godfrey, A. (2023) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s23084100 · Cited by 32
“Emphasis has generally been placed on the manual calculation of gait speed, which has been shown to be clinically useful when examining mortality and morbidity [49].”
BackgroundNadkarni, N. K., Studenski, S. A., Perera, S., Rosano, C., Aizenstein, H. J., Brach, J. S., & Swearingen, J. M. V. (2013) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.12211 · Cited by 29
Self-citationOptimism predicts positive health in repatriated prisoners of war.
Segovia, F., Moore, J. L., Linnville, S. E., & Hoyt, R. E. (2014) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/a0037902 · Cited by 29
Effects of Mobility and Cognition on Risk of Mortality in Women in Late Life: A Prospective Study
Ensrud, K. E., Lui, L., Paudel, M. L., Schousboe, J. T., Kats, A. M., Cauley, J. A., McCulloch, C. E., Yaffe, K. S., Cawthon, P. M., Hillier, T. A., et al. (2015) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glv220 · Cited by 29
“A pooled analysis of 34,485 community-dwelling older adults (13) indicated that 5-year and 10-year survival decreased across the full range of gait speed and observed that predicted survival based on age, sex, and gait speed was as accurate as that based on a more complex model, though this study did not consider the…”
BackgroundThe complex genetics of gait speed: genome-wide meta-analysis approach
Ben-Avraham, D., Karasik, D., Verghese, J., Lunetta, K. L., Smith, J. A., Eicher, J. D., Vered, R., Deelen, J., Arnold, A. M., Buchman, A. S., et al. (2016) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.101151 · Cited by 32
“com 212 AGING (Albany NY) 28], progression of age-related disease including dementia [29] and death [9].”
BackgroundMethodMacDonald, S. W. S., Hundza, S. R., Love, J., et al. (2017) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2017.00017 · Cited by 29
Nha, K. W., Shon, O., Kong, B.-S., & Shin, Y.-S. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0203310 · Cited by 30
Briggs, R., Carey, D., Claffey, P., McNicholas, T., Donoghue, O. A., Kennelly, S., & Kenny, R. A. (2019) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.15783 · Cited by 30
dos Santos, P. R. P., Cavalcante, B. R., Vieira, A. K. D. S., Guimarães, M. D., da Silva, A. M. L., Armstrong, A. D. C., Carvalho, R. G. D. S., Carvalho, F. O., & de Souza, M. F. (2020) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2020.1763740 · Cited by 35
Gargallo, P., Tamayo-Torres, E., Jiménez‐Martínez, P., Juesas, Á., Casaña, J., Benítez-Martínez, J. C., Gené‐Morales, J., Garrido, J. F., Sáez, G. T., & Colado, J. C. (2023) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2023.112340 · Cited by 36
“Lastly, both training protocols equally enhanced gait speed (4-Meter Gait Speed) and aerobic capacity (Six-Minute Walk Test), which is essential for improved survival (Studenski et al., 2011).”
Godfrey, A., Lara, J., Munro, C. A., Wiuff, C., Chowdhury, S. A., Din, S. D., Hickey, A., Mathers, J. C., & Rochester, L. (2015) · Physiological Measurement · doi:10.1088/0967-3334/36/5/n71 · Cited by 29
Stijntjes, M., de Craen, A. J. M., van der Grond, J., Meskers, C. G. M., Slagboom, P. E., & Maier, A. B. (2016) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000444583 · Cited by 28
Rosado-Artalejo, C., Carnicero, J. A. C., Losa‐Reyna, J., et al. (2017) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-017-0895-2 · Cited by 28
“Thus, alterations in the executive function translate into postural instability, motor and cognitive processing slowness, mobility limitations and risk of falls amongst others (10-13).”
Andreasen, J., Aadahl, M., Sørensen, E. E., Eriksen, H. H., Lund, H., & Overvad, K. (2018) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2018.01.013 · Cited by 29
Cavalcante, B. R., Germano-Soares, A. H., Gerage, A. M., Leicht, A. S., Tassitano, R. M., Bortolotti, H., Franco, F. G. D. M., Wolosker, N., Cucato, G. G., & Ritti‐Dias, R. M. (2018) · European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2018.02.010 · Cited by 28
Fenton, S. A. M., Neogi, T., Dunlop, D. D., Nevitt, M. C., Doherty, M., Duda, J. L., Klocke, R., Abhishek, A., Rushton, A. B., Zhang, W., et al. (2018) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2018.04.015 · Cited by 28
Hyvärinen, M., Sipilä, S., Kulmala, J., Hakonen, H., Tammelin, T., Kujala, U. M., Kovanen, V., & Laakkonen, E. K. (2019) · Journal of Aging and Physical Activity · doi:10.1123/japa.2019-0093 · Cited by 27
Gait Speed Reveals Clues to Lifelong Health
Studenski, S. A. (2019) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.13112 · Cited by 28
Self-citationSamuel, L. J., Szanton, S. L., Seplaki, C. L., Cudjoe, T., Thorpe, R. J., & Agree, E. M. (2019) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-019-1340-7 · Cited by 30
“Mobility, the main outcome, was measured by a three-meter usual walking speed test with good reliability [9, 26].”
MethodCognitive impairment assessment and interventions to optimize surgical patient outcomes
Hasan, T. F., Kelley, R. E., Cornett, E. M., Urman, R. D., & Kaye, A. D. (2020) · Best practice & research. Clinical anaesthesiology · doi:10.1016/j.bpa.2020.05.005 · Cited by 30
Winger, M. E., Caserotti, P., Ward, R. E., Boudreau, R. M., Hvid, L. G., Cauley, J. A., Piva, S. R., Harris, T. B., Glynn, N. W., & Strotmeyer, E. S. (2020) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2020.111172 · Cited by 27
Pata, G., Bianchetti, L., Rota, M., Marengoni, A., Chiesa, D., Cassinotti, E., Palmisano, S., Colombi, M., Zotto, G. D., Romanelli, G., et al. (2020) · Journal of Surgical Oncology · doi:10.1002/jso.26314 · Cited by 29
“Studenski et al.(42) reported that gait speed above 0.”
BackgroundInfluentialÇankaya, D. (2021) · Joint Diseases and Related Surgery · doi:10.5606/ehc.2021.79635 · Cited by 28
“[20,21] It has been shown that life expectancy can increase with the increased walking speed.[22] It has been also reported that gait symmetry and associated parameters are more determinant in terms of physiological gait than other factors in patients undergoing unilateral knee arthroplasty.”
BackgroundZhang, Y. S., Strauss, J. A., Hu, P., Zhao, Y., & Crimmins, E. M. (2021) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbab059 · Cited by 28
“For example, disability in activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, and functional impairments are strongly predictive of subsequent mortality (Majer et al., 2011; Reuben et al., 1992; Studenski, 2011).”
BackgroundMortality trends of stroke and dementia: Changing landscapes and new challenges
Wu, H. C., Couteur, D. G. L., & Hilmer, S. N. (2021) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.17322 · Cited by 29
Raffegeau, T. E., Brinkerhoff, S. A., Kellaher, G. K., et al. (2022) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2022.111710 · Cited by 28
Interleukin‐6 potentiates endurance training adaptation and improves functional capacity in old mice
Leuchtmann, A. B., Furrer, R., Steurer, S. A., Schneider‐Heieck, K., Karrer‐Cardel, B., Sagot, Y., & Handschin, C. (2022) · Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle · doi:10.1002/jcsm.12949 · Cited by 29
Li, C., Dong, M., Yang, D., et al. (2022) · Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research · doi:10.1186/s13018-022-03047-y · Cited by 28
“Walking speed is one of the most significant parameters for evaluating functional outcomes after TKA and a small increase in walking speed may change the prognosis [35, 36].”
BackgroundPublic healthcare eligibility and the utilisation of GP services by older people in Ireland
Hudson, E. M., & Nolan, A. (2014) · The Journal of the Economics of Ageing · doi:10.1016/j.jeoa.2014.08.005 · Cited by 28
Roffman, C. E., Buchanan, J., & Allison, G. T. (2015) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20140164 · Cited by 28
Ribeiro, H. S., Maurício, S. F., da Silva, T. A., et al. (2017) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2017.09.014 · Cited by 28
Kuchnia, A. J., Yamada, Y., Teigen, L. M., Krueger, D. C., Binkley, N., & Schoeller, D. A. (2018) · Archives of Osteoporosis · doi:10.1007/s11657-018-0508-7 · Cited by 31
Soft-Material-Based Smart Insoles for a Gait Monitoring System
Wang, C., Kim, Y., & Min, S. D. (2018) · Materials · doi:10.3390/ma11122435 · Cited by 28
Geriatric Rehabilitation Should Not Be an Oxymoron: A Path Forward
Bean, J. F., Orkaby, A. R., & Driver, J. A. (2019) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2018.12.038 · Cited by 29
Aging, Osteo-Sarcopenia, and Musculoskeletal Mechano-Transduction
Leser, J. M., Harriot, A. D., Buck, H., Ward, C. W., & Stains, J. P. (2021) · Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences · doi:10.3389/fresc.2021.782848 · Cited by 29
Cross‐sectional associations between cortical thickness and independent gait domains in older adults
Wang, Y., Jiang, Y., Lu, H., et al. (2022) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.17840 · Cited by 27
Balance and Mobility as Predictors of Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment
Ursin, M. H., Bergland, A., Fure, B., Tørstad, A., Tveit, A., & Ihle‐Hansen, H. (2015) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra · doi:10.1159/000381669 · Cited by 31
Yamamoto, S., Matsunaga, A., Wang, G., Hoshi, K., Kamiya, K., Noda, C., Kimura, M., Yamaoka‐Tojo, M., & Masuda, T. (2014) · International Heart Journal · doi:10.1536/ihj.14-017 · Cited by 27
Pain Energy Model of Mobility Limitation in the Older Adult
Coyle, P. C., Schrack, J. A., & Hicks, G. E. (2017) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1093/pm/pnx089 · Cited by 27
Differential changes in the spinal segmental locomotor output in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia
Martino, G., Ivanenko, Y. P., Serrao, M., Ranavolo, A., Draicchio, F., Rinaldi, M., Casali, C., & Lacquaniti, F. (2017) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2017.11.028 · Cited by 28
Holtzer, R., George, C. J., İzzetoğlu, M., & Wang, C. (2018) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2018.03.002 · Cited by 26
A Longitudinal Wearable Sensor Study in Huntington’s Disease
Dinesh, K., Snyder, C. W., Xiong, M., Tarolli, C. G., Sharma, S., Dorsey, E. R., Gaurav Sharma, A., & Adams, J. (2019) · Journal of Huntington s Disease · doi:10.3233/jhd-190375 · Cited by 28
“Higher walking speeds are associated with greater survival in older adults [44, 45], and improvements in gait speed predict better survival [46].”
Noh, B., Youm, C., Lee, M., & Park, H. (2020) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.8820 · Cited by 27
“Numerous studies have obtained findings similar to our study (Van Kan et al., 2009; Cesari et al., 2005; Studenski et al., 2011).”
ResultQuigley, A., Brouillette, M., Gahagan, J., O’Brien, K. K., & MacKay-Lyons, M. J. (2020) · Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC) · doi:10.1177/2325958220935698 · Cited by 29
Oddsson, L., Bisson, T. A., Cohen, H. S., Jacobs, L., Khoshnoodi, M. A., Kung, D. H., Lipsitz, L. A., Manor, B. D., McCracken, P., Rumsey, Y., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2020.592751 · Cited by 26
“, 2019) and a predictor of survival (Studenski et al., 2011).”
BackgroundWestbury, L. D., Syddall, H. E., Fuggle, N. R., Dennison, E. M., Harvey, N. C., Cauley, J. A., Shiroma, E. J., Fielding, R. A., Newman, A. B., & Cooper, C. C. (2020) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/s00223-020-00775-3 · Cited by 32
Xu, C. Q., Yao, F., Mohamad, Y., Wong, R. J., Kent, D. S., Seetharaman, S., Srisengfa, Y. T., & Lai, J. C. (2021) · Transplantation Direct · doi:10.1097/txd.0000000000001097 · Cited by 28
Effects of visual impairment on mobility functions in elderly: Results of Fujiwara-kyo Eye Study
Miyata, K., Yoshikawa, T., Harano, A., Ueda, T., & Ogata, N. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0244997 · Cited by 30
Construct and Predictive Validity of Sarcopenia in Lung Transplant Candidates
Maheshwari, J. A., Kolaitis, N. A., Anderson, M. R., Benvenuto, L. J., Gao, Y., Katz, P., Greenland, J. R., Wolters, P. J., Covinsky, K. E., Hays, S. R., et al. (2021) · Annals of the American Thoracic Society · doi:10.1513/annalsats.202007-796oc · Cited by 27
Roush, J. R., Heick, J. D., Hawk, T., et al. (2021) · Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice · doi:10.46743/1540-580x/2021.1971 · Cited by 27
Sanders, A., Richard, G., Kolskår, K. K., Ulrichsen, K. M., Kaufmann, T., Alnæs, D., Beck, D., Dørum, E. S., de Lange, A. G., Nordvik, J. E., et al. (2021) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102767 · Cited by 29
Tou, N. X., Wee, S. L., Pang, B. W. J., Lau, L. K., Jabbar, K. B. A., Seah, W. T., Chen, K. K., & Ng, T. P. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0256702 · Cited by 30
“Handgrip strength (HGS) was used as indication of muscular strength of participants [28] and physical function was measured using usual gait speed (GS) [29].”
Methodde Kruijf, M., Verlinden, V. J. A., Huygen, F. J. P. M., et al. (2015) · Gait & Posture · doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2015.06.193 · Cited by 27
Akhtar, W. Z., Andresen, E. M., Cannell, B., & Xu, X. (2012) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2012.10.013 · Cited by 27
Millecamps, A., Lowry, K. A., Brach, J. S., Perera, S., Redfern, M. S., & Sejdić, E. (2015) · Computers in Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2015.03.027 · Cited by 28
Importance of correcting for individual differences in the clinical diagnosis of gait disorders
Senden, R. H. J., Meijer, K., Heyligers, I. C., Savelberg, H. H. C. M., & Grimm, B. P. (2011) · Physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.physio.2011.06.002 · Cited by 28
Nead, K. T., Zhou, M. J., Caceres, R. D., Olin, J. W., Cooke, J. P., & Leeper, N. J. (2013) · Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes · doi:10.1161/circoutcomes.111.000070 · Cited by 25
Prediction of 6-minute walk performance in patients with peripheral artery disease
Chen, X., Stoner, J. A., Montgomery, P. S., Casanegra, A. I., Silva-Palacios, F., Chen, S., Janitz, A. E., & Gardner, A. W. (2017) · Journal of Vascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2017.03.438 · Cited by 27
Deprey, S. M., Biedrzycki, L., & Klenz, K. (2017) · Injury Epidemiology · doi:10.1186/s40621-017-0117-8 · Cited by 27
“instability, required assistance or needed a device when walking, all which have been associated with falls (Tinetti and Ginter 1988; Rubenstein et al. 1994; Studenski et al. 2011).”
BackgroundTest-retest reliability of daily life gait speed as measured by smartphone global positioning system
Obuchi, S. P., Tsuchiya, S., & Kawai, H. (2018) · Gait & Posture · doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.01.029 · Cited by 27
Ciprandi, D., Zago, M., Bertozzi, F., Sforza, C., & Galvani, C. (2018) · Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology · doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2018.07.006 · Cited by 27
Gait Speed and Frailty Status in Relation to Adverse Outcomes in Geriatric Rehabilitation
Arjunan, A., Peel, N. M., & Hubbard, R. E. (2018) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2018.08.187 · Cited by 27
Kimber, D. E., Kehler, D. S., Lytwyn, J., Boreskie, K. F., Jung, P., Alexander, B., Hiebert, B. M., Dubiel, C., Hamm, N. C., Stammers, A. N., et al. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm7120560 · Cited by 28
Antineoplastic Therapy Side Effects and Polypharmacy in Older Adults With Cancer
Stout, N. L., & Wagner, S. S. (2019) · Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/tgr.0000000000000212 · Cited by 26
van Schooten, K. S., Freiberger, E., Smitt, M. S., Keppner, V., Sieber, C. C., Lord, S. R., & Delbaere, K. (2019) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/pzz032 · Cited by 27
Stevenson, A. J., McCartney, D. L., Hillary, R. F., Redmond, P. H., Taylor, A. M., Zhang, Q., McRae, A. F., Spires‐Jones, T. L., McIntosh, A. M., Deary, I. J., et al. (2019) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-019-0657-5 · Cited by 26
Frailty as a predictor of mortality in older adults within 5 years of psychiatric admission
Benraad, C. E. M., Haaksma, M. L., Karlietis, M. H. J., Voshaar, R. C. O., Spijker, J., Melis, R. J. F., & Rikkert, M. G. M. O. (2020) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.5278 · Cited by 26
“Walking speed was measured as the average speed in meters per second over 6-m walking.(24) Generally, a walking speed of >1.”
MethodIranzo, M. À. C. I., Arnal‐Gómez, A., Chuliá, M. Á. T., Balasch‐Bernat, M., Forcano, S., Sentandreu‐Mañó, T., Tomás, J. M., & Serrano, N. C. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17124483 · Cited by 27
“The EWGSOP2 consensus presented cut-off points for both ASM Index (kg/height2) [40] and ASM (kg) [27] for use when calculating muscle mass.”
MethodEffect of Treadmill Training on Specific Gait Parameters in Older Adults With Frailty
Oh‐Park, M., Holtzer, R., Mahoney, J. R., Wang, C., & Verghese, J. (2011) · Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy · doi:10.1519/jpt.0b013e3182193165 · Cited by 27
Rosso, A. L., Studenski, S. A., Longstreth, W. T., Jr., Brach, J. S., Boudreau, R. M., & Rosano, C. (2016) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glw224 · Cited by 27
Self-citationKomforti, D., Joffe, C., Magras, A., Peller, A., Garbe, E., Garib, R., Trapuzzano, A., Dawson, N., & Stock, M. S. (2021) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-020-01596-y · Cited by 25
Wages, N. P., Simon, J. E., Clark, L. A., Amano, S., Russ, D. W., Manini, T. M., & Clark, B. C. (2020) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-020-01656-y · Cited by 27
Spouse Confidence in Self-Efficacy for Arthritis Management Predicts Improved Patient Health
Gere, J., Martire, L. M., Keefe, F. J., Stephens, M. A. P., & Schulz, R. (2014) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-014-9608-9 · Cited by 27
Metadata
- Authors
- Studenski, S.
- Affiliations
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Studenski, Stephanie
- ORCID
- Studenski, Stephanie
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2011-01-05
- Volume
- 305
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 50
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- PMC
- PMC3080184
- OpenAlex
- W2159296038
- Semantic Scholar
- 25de2f67035336224c9f1e37f58c5b531d34b9ed
- Cited by
- 4,558
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 377 · 2025: 333 · 2024: 267 · 2023: 311 · 2022: 355 · 2021: 399 · 2020: 389 · 2019: 358 · 2018: 272 · 2017: 301 · 2016: 255 · 2015: 273 · 2014: 243 · 2013: 184 · 2012: 166
- FWCI
- 100.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh) (acceptedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000005)
- National Institute on Aging (AG023641, AG 024827, K07AG023641, P30AG024827, P30AG021332)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Keywords
- walking speed, survival, older adults, life expectancy, physical performance, mortality prediction, goals of care, community-dwelling older adults
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Female, Gait, Humans, Life Expectancy, Male, United States, Cohort Studies, Geriatric Assessment, Survival Analysis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-09-28, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-09-28 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
