The DOI matches its Crossref record; 116 of the 116 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Delirium in Older Persons: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment
Open accessAbstract
Importance: Delirium is defined as an acute disorder of attention and cognition. It is a common, serious, and often fatal condition among older patients. Although often underrecognized, delirium has serious adverse effects on the individual's function and quality of life, as well as broad societal effects with substantial health care costs. Objective: To summarize the current state of the art in diagnosis and treatment of delirium and to highlight critical areas for future research to advance the field. Evidence Review: Search of Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for the past 6 years, from January 1, 2011, until March 16, 2017, using a combination of controlled vocabulary and keyword terms. Since delirium is more prevalent in older adults, the focus was on studies in elderly populations; studies based solely in the intensive care unit (ICU) and non-English-language articles were excluded. Findings: Of 127 articles included, 25 were clinical trials, 42 cohort studies, 5 systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and 55 were other categories. A total of 11 616 patients were represented in the treatment studies. Advances in diagnosis have included the development of brief screening tools with high sensitivity and specificity, such as the 3-Minute Diagnostic Assessment; 4 A's Test; and proxy-based measures such as the Family Confusion Assessment Method. Measures of severity, such as the Confusion Assessment Method-Severity Score, can aid in monitoring response to treatment, risk stratification, and assessing prognosis. Nonpharmacologic approaches focused on risk factors such as immobility, functional decline, visual or hearing impairment, dehydration, and sleep deprivation are effective for delirium prevention and also are recommended for delirium treatment. Current recommendations for pharmacologic treatment of delirium, based on recent reviews of the evidence, recommend reserving use of antipsychotics and other sedating medications for treatment of severe agitation that poses risk to patient or staff safety or threatens interruption of essential medical therapies. Conclusions and Relevance: Advances in diagnosis can improve recognition and risk stratification of delirium. Prevention of delirium using nonpharmacologic approaches is documented to be effective, while pharmacologic prevention and treatment of delirium remains controversial.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The DSM‐5 recognizes delirium as a cognitive disorder with a disturbance of attention (i.e., reduced ability to direct, focus, sustain and shift attention) and awareness (i.e., reduced orientation to the environment). This often leads to what has been referred to as a confusional state or reduced level of consciousness 180 .”
From Mental health care for older adults: recent advances and new directions in clinical practice and research (2022) · cites this paper as [180]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials
Higgins, J. P. T., Altman, D. G., Gotzsche, P. C., Juni, P., Moher, D., Oxman, A. D., Savovic, J., Schulz, K. F., Weeks, L., Sterne, J. A. C., et al. (2011) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.d5928 · Cited by 33,817
Dermyshi, E., Wang, Y., Yan, C., Hong, W., Qiu, G., Gong, X., & Zhang, T. (2017) · Neonatology · doi:10.1159/000454668 · Cited by 24,586
Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report
Yesavage, J. A., Brink, T. L., Rose, T. L., Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M., & Leirer, V. O. (1982) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(82)90033-4 · Cited by 15,025
Pfeiffer, E. A. (1975) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1975.tb00927.x · Cited by 5,320
Clarifying Confusion: The Confusion Assessment Method: A New Method for Detection of Delirium
Inouye, S. K., van Dyck, C. H., Alessi, C. A., Balkin, S., Siegal, A. P., & Horwitz, R. I. (1990) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-113-12-941 · Cited by 5,250
Self-citationInouye, S. K., Westendorp, R. G., & Saczynski, J. S. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60688-1 · Cited by 3,722
Self-citationCognitive Stimulation in Patients with Dementia: Randomized Controlled Trial
Mapelli, D., Rosa, E. D., Nocita, R., & Sava, D. (2013) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra · doi:10.1159/000353457 · Cited by 3,477
Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: The STARD Initiative.
Bossuyt, P. M., Reitsma, J. B., Bruns, D. E., Gatsonis, C. A., Glasziou, P. P., Irwig, L. M., Lijmer, J. G., Moher, D., Rennie, D., de Vet, H. C. W., et al. (2003) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-138-1-200301070-00010 · Cited by 3,219
Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the STARD initiative
Bossuyt, P. M., Reitsma, J. B., Bruns, D. E., Gatsonis, C. A., Glasziou, P. P., Irwig, L. M., Lijmer, J. G., Moher, D., Rennie, D., & de Vet, H. C. W. (2003) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7379.41 · Cited by 3,215
A Multicomponent Intervention to Prevent Delirium in Hospitalized Older Patients
Inouye, S. K., Bogardus, S. T., Charpentier, P. A., Leo-Summers, L. S., Acampora, D., Holford, T. R., & Cooney, L. M. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199903043400901 · Cited by 2,904
Self-citationJorm, A. F. (1994) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329170002691x · Cited by 1,198
Are memory complaints predictive for dementia? A review of clinical and population-based studies
Jonker, C., Geerlings, M. I., & Schmand, B. A. (2000) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/1099-1166(200011)15:11 · Cited by 983
Validation of the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98
Trzepacz, P. T., D, D. M. M., Torres, R. A. M., Kanary, K., Norton, J., & Jimerson, N. (2001) · Journal of Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1176/jnp.13.2.229 · Cited by 957
The memorial delirium assessment scale
BREITBART, W. S., Rosenfeld, B. D., Roth, A. J. L., SMITH, M. J., Cohen, K., & Passik, S. D. (1997) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/s0885-3924(96)00316-8 · Cited by 851
Effectiveness of Multicomponent Nonpharmacological Delirium Interventions: A Meta-analysis
Hshieh, T. T., Yue, J., Oh, E., Puelle, M., Dowal, S., Travison, T., & Inouye, S. K. (2015) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.7779 · Cited by 801
Self-citationThe Confusion Assessment Method: A Systematic Review of Current Usage
Wei, L. A., Fearing, M. A., Sternberg, E. J., & Inouye, S. K. (2008) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01674.x · Cited by 796
Self-citationBellelli, G., Morandi, A., Davis, D. H. J., Mazzola, P., Turco, R., Gentile, S., Ryan, T., Cash, H., Guerini, F., Torpilliesi, T., et al. (2014) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afu021 · Cited by 795
Nurses' Recognition of Delirium and Its Symptoms
Inouye, S. K. (2001) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.161.20.2467 · Cited by 774
Self-citationBIS-guided Anesthesia Decreases Postoperative Delirium and Cognitive Decline
Chan, M. T. V., Cheng, B. C. P., Lee, T. M. C., & Gin, T. (2012) · Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/ana.0b013e3182712fba · Cited by 720
Interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised non-ICU patients
Siddiqi, N., Harrison, J. K., Clegg, A., Teale, E. A., Young, J., Taylor, J., & Simpkins, S. A. (2016) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd005563.pub3 · Cited by 619
Sedation and Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit
Reade, M. C., & Finfer, S. R. (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra1208705 · Cited by 619
The American Geriatrics Society Expert Panel on Postoperative Delirium in Older Adults (2015) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.13281 · Cited by 561
Radtke, F. M., Franck, M., Lendner, J. D., Krüger, S., Wernecke, K. D., & Spies, C. (2013) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aet055 · Cited by 533
Postoperative Delirium in Older Adults: Best Practice Statement from the American Geriatrics Society
Inouye, S. K., Robinson, T., Blaum, C. S., Busby‐Whitehead, J., Boustani, M. A., Chalian, A. A., Deiner, S. G., Fick, D. M., Hutchison, L. C., Johanning, J. M., et al. (2014) · Journal of the American College of Surgeons · doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2014.10.019 · Cited by 521
Self-citation3D-CAM: Derivation and Validation of a 3-Minute Diagnostic Interview for CAM-Defined Delirium
Marcantonio, E. R., Ngo, L. H., O’Connor, M. G., Jones, R. N., Crane, P. K., Metzger, E. D., & Inouye, S. K. (2014) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m14-0865 · Cited by 515
Self-citationNeufeld, K. J., Yue, J., Robinson, T. N., Inouye, S. K., & Needham, D. M. (2016) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.14076 · Cited by 505
Self-citationUnravelling the pathophysiology of delirium: A focus on the role of aberrant stress responses
MacLullich, A. M. J., Ferguson, K. J., Miller, T. D., de Rooij, S. E., & Cunningham, C. M. (2008) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.05.019 · Cited by 469
Inouye, S. K., Marcantonio, E. R., Kosar, C. M., Tommet, D., Schmitt, E. M., Travison, T. G., Saczynski, J. S., Ngo, L. H., Alsop, D. C., & Jones, R. N. (2016) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2016.03.005 · Cited by 462
Self-citationDexmedetomidine versus Propofol Sedation Reduces Delirium after Cardiac Surgery
Djaiani, G. N., Silverton, N. A., Fedorko, L., Carroll, J. A., Styra, R. G., Rao, V., & Katznelson, R. (2015) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0000000000000951 · Cited by 372
Preventive Effects of Ramelteon on Delirium
Hatta, K., Kishi, Y., Wada, K., Takeuchi, T., Odawara, T., Usui, C., & Nakamura, H. (2014) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.3320 · Cited by 371
Whitlock, R. P., Devereaux, P. J., Teoh, K., Lamy, A. L., Vincent, J., Pogue, J. M., Paparella, D., Sessler, D. I., Karthikeyan, G., Villar, J. C., et al. (2015) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)00273-1 · Cited by 370
Agar, M. R., Lawlor, P. G., Quinn, S. J., Draper, B., Caplan, G. A., Rowett, D. S., Sanderson, C. R., Hardy, J. R., Le, B. H. C., Eckermann, S. D., et al. (2016) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.7491 · Cited by 366
The CAM-S: Development and Validation of a New Scoring System for Delirium Severity in 2 Cohorts
Inouye, S. K., Kosar, C. M., Tommet, D., Schmitt, E. M., Puelle, M. R., Saczynski, J. S., Marcantonio, E. R., & Jones, R. N. (2014) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m13-1927 · Cited by 364
Self-citationHaloperidol prophylaxis decreases delirium incidence in elderly patients after noncardiac surgery
Wang, W., Li, H.-L., Wang, D., Zhu, X. D., Li, S., Yao, G., Chen, K.-S., Gu, X.-E., & Zhu, S. (2011) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e3182376e4f · Cited by 308
Rompaey, B. V., Elseviers, M. M., Drom, W. V., Fromont, V., & Jorens, P. G. (2012) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc11330 · Cited by 297
Melatonin decreases delirium in elderly patients: A randomized, placebo‐controlled trial
Alaama, T. Y., Brymer, C. D., Gutmanis, I., Woolmore-Goodwin, S., Esbaugh, J., & Dasgupta, M. (2010) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.2582 · Cited by 291
Does This Adult Patient Have Acute Meningitis?
Attia, J. (1999) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.282.2.175 · Cited by 291
Delirium Screening: A Systematic Review of Delirium Screening Tools in Hospitalized Patients
De, J., & Wand, A. P. F. (2015) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gnv100 · Cited by 282
Motor Subtypes of Postoperative Delirium in Older Adults
Robinson, T. N. (2011) · Archives of Surgery · doi:10.1001/archsurg.2011.14 · Cited by 250
Delirium and Long-term Cognitive Trajectory Among Persons With Dementia
Gross, A. L., Jones, R. N., Habtemariam, D. A., Fong, T. G., Tommet, D., Quach, L., Schmitt, E. M., Yap, L., & Inouye, S. K. (2012) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2012.3203 · Cited by 233
Self-citationFick, D. M., Steis, M. R., Waller, J. L., & Inouye, S. K. (2013) · Journal of Hospital Medicine · doi:10.1002/jhm.2077 · Cited by 217
Self-citationSeizures as adverse events of antibiotic drugs
Sutter, R., Rüegg, S. J., & Tschudin‐Sutter, S. (2015) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000002023 · Cited by 210
Whitlock, E. L., Torres, B. A., Lin, N., Helsten, D. L., Nadelson, M. R., Mashour, G. A., & Avidan, M. S. (2014) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/ane.0000000000000028 · Cited by 193
Hayhurst, C. J., Pandharipande, P. P., & Hughes, C. G. (2016) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0000000000001378 · Cited by 192
A Tale of Two Methods: Chart and Interview Methods for Identifying Delirium
Saczynski, J. S., Kosar, C. M., Xu, G., Puelle, M. R., Schmitt, E. M., Jones, R. N., Marcantonio, E. R., Wong, B., Isaza-Aizpurúa, I., & Inouye, S. K. (2014) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.12684 · Cited by 185
Self-citationHow Do I Perform a Lumbar Puncture and Analyze the Results to Diagnose Bacterial Meningitis?
Straus, S. E., Thorpe, K. E., & Holroyd-Leduc, J. M. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.296.16.2012 · Cited by 183
Martínez, F. T., Tobar, C., & Hill, N. R. (2014) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afu173 · Cited by 177
de Jonghe, A., Munster, B. C. V., Goslings, J. C., Kloen, P., van Rees, C., Wolvius, R., van Velde, R., Levi, M. M., de Haan, R. J., & de Rooij, S. E. (2014) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.140495 · Cited by 176
Hakim, S. M., Othman, A. I., & Naoum, D. O. (2012) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0b013e31825153cc · Cited by 173
Serial administration of a modified richmond agitation and sedation scale for delirium screening
Chester, J. G., Harrington, M. B., Rudolph, J. L., & on behalf of the VA Delirium Working Group (2011) · Journal of Hospital Medicine · doi:10.1002/jhm.1003 · Cited by 165
Li, X., Yang, J. Y., Nie, X.-L., Zhang, Y., Li, X., Li, L., Wang, D., & Ma, D. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0170757 · Cited by 160
Morandi, A., Davis, D. H. J., Fick, D. M., Turco, R., Boustani, M. A., Lucchi, E., Guerini, F., Morghen, S., Torpilliesi, T., Gentile, S., et al. (2014) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2013.12.084 · Cited by 158
Goldberg, S. E., Bradshaw, L. E., Kearney, F. C., Russell, C., Whittamore, K. H., Foster, P. E. R., Mamza, J., Gladman, J. R. F., Jones, R. G., Lewis, S. A., et al. (2013) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.f4132 · Cited by 156
Evaluation of two delirium screening tools for detecting post-operative delirium in the elderly
Neufeld, K. J., Leoutsakos, J., Sieber, F. E., Joshi, D., Wanamaker, B. L., Rios-Robles, J., & Needham, D. M. (2013) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aet167 · Cited by 154
de la Cruz, M., Fan, J., Yennu, S., Tanco, K., Shin, S., Wu, J., Liu, D., & Bruera, E. (2015) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-015-2610-3 · Cited by 152
Pesonen, A., Suojaranta-Ylinen, R. T., Hammarén, E., Kontinen, V., Raivio, P. M., Tarkkila, P. J., & Rosenberg, P. H. (2011) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aer083 · Cited by 145
Dillon, S. T., Vasunilashorn, S. M., Ngo, L. H., Otu, H. H., Inouye, S. K., Jones, R. N., Alsop, D. C., Kuchel, G. A., Metzger, E. D., Arnold, S. E., et al. (2016) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.03.2098 · Cited by 138
Self-citationBuse, G. L., Schumacher, P., Seeberger, E. E., Studer, W., Schuman, R. M., Faßl, J., Kasper, J., Filipovic, M., Bolliger, D., & Seeberger, M. D. (2012) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.112.126144 · Cited by 135
Steis, M. R., Evans, L. K., Hirschman, K. B., Hanlon, A. L., Fick, D. M., Flanagan, N. M., & Inouye, S. K. (2012) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04200.x · Cited by 130
Self-citationNeural substrates of vulnerability to postsurgical delirium as revealed by presurgical diffusion MRI
Cavallari, M., Dai, W., Guttmann, C. R. G., Meier, D., Ngo, L. H., Hshieh, T. T., Callahan, A., Fong, T. G., Schmitt, E. M., Dickerson, B. C., et al. (2016) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/aww010 · Cited by 129
Self-citationYoon, H., Park, K., Choi, W.-J., Choi, S., Park, J. Y., Kim, J., & Seok, J. (2013) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-13-240 · Cited by 107
Böettger, S., Jenewein, J., & BREITBART, W. S. (2014) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951514001059 · Cited by 107
Attention! A good bedside test for delirium?
O’Regan, N., Ryan, D. J., Boland, E., Connolly, W., McGlade, C., Leonard, M. M., Clare, J., Eustace, J. A., Meagher, D. J., & Timmons, S. (2014) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp-2013-307053 · Cited by 106
The Preventing of Postoperative Delirium
Kratz, T., Heinrich, M., Schlauß, E., & Diefenbacher, A. (2015) · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international · doi:10.3238/arztebl.2015.0289 · Cited by 106
Delirium prevention in terminal cancer: assessment of a multicomponent intervention
Gagnon, P. R., Allard, P., Gagnon, B., Mérette, C., & Tardif, F. (2010) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.1881 · Cited by 102
Pilot Randomized Trial of Donepezil Hydrochloride for Delirium After Hip Fracture
Marcantonio, E. R., Palihnich, K., Appleton, P., & Davis, R. B. (2011) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03691.x · Cited by 100
Interventions for preventing delirium in older people in institutional long-term care
Clegg, A., Siddiqi, N., Heaven, A., Young, J., & Holt, R. (2014) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009537.pub2 · Cited by 100
Maneeton, N., Maneeton, B., Srisurapanon, & Chittawatanarat, K. (2013) · Drug Design Development and Therapy · doi:10.2147/dddt.s45575 · Cited by 94
Westhoff, D., Witlox, J., Koenderman, L., Kalisvaart, K. J., de Jonghe, J. F. M., van Stijn, M. F. M., Houdijk, A. P. J., Hoogland, I. C. M., MacLullich, A. M. J., van Westerloo, D. J., et al. (2013) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/1742-2094-10-122 · Cited by 90
Assessing severity of delirium by the delirium observation screening scale
Scheffer, A. C., Munster, B. C. V., Schuurmans, M. J., & de Rooij, S. E. (2010) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.2526 · Cited by 83
Liu, Y., Ma, L., Gao, M., Guo, W., & Ma, Y. (2015) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-015-0492-3 · Cited by 81
Recognizing acute delirium as part of your routine [RADAR]: a validation study
Voyer, P., Champoux, N., Desrosiers, J., Landreville, P., McCusker, J., Monette, J., Savoie, M., Richard, S., & Carmichael, P. (2015) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-015-0070-1 · Cited by 80
Creative Music Therapy in an Acute Care Setting for Older Patients with Delirium and Dementia
Cheong, C. Y., Tan, J. A. Q., Foong, Y.-L., Koh, H. M., Chen, D. Z. Y., Tan, J. J. C., Ng, C. J., & Yap, P. L. K. (2016) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra · doi:10.1159/000445883 · Cited by 76
Morandi, A., Han, J. H., Meagher, D. J., Vasilevskis, E. E., Cerejeira, J., Hasemann, W., MacLullich, A. M. J., Annoni, G., Trabucchi, M., & Bellelli, G. (2016) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2016.05.010 · Cited by 73
FUKATA, S., Kawabata, Y., Fujishiro, K., Katagawa, Y., Kuroiwa, K., Akiyama, H., Terabe, Y., Ando, M., Kawamura, T., & Hattori, H. (2014) · Surgery Today · doi:10.1007/s00595-014-0859-7 · Cited by 60
Yoshitaka, S., Egi, M., Morimatsu, H., Kanazawa, T., Toda, Y., & Morita, K. (2013) · Journal of Critical Care · doi:10.1016/j.jcrc.2012.11.004 · Cited by 59
Saager, L., Duncan, A. E., Yared, J., Hesler, B. D., You, J., Deogaonkar, A., Sessler, D. I., & Kurz, A. M. (2015) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0000000000000669 · Cited by 58
Delirium Diagnosis Methodology Used in Research: A Survey-Based Study
Neufeld, K. J., Nelliot, A., Inouye, S. K., Ely, E. W., Bienvenu, O. J., Lee, H. B., & Needham, D. M. (2014) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2014.03.003 · Cited by 57
Self-citationGruber‐Baldini, A. L., Marcantonio, E. R., Orwig, D., Magaziner, J. S., Terrin, M. L., Barr, E. A., Brown, J., Paris, B. E. C., Zagorin, A., Roffey, D. M., et al. (2013) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.12396 · Cited by 56
Vochteloo, A. J. H., Moerman, S., van der Burg, B. L. S. B., de Boo, M., de Vries, M. R., Niesten, D. D., Tuinebreijer, W. E., Nelissen, R. G. H. H., & Pilot, P. (2011) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/1471-2318-11-39 · Cited by 55
Wildes, T. S., Winter, A. C., Maybrier, H. R., Mickle, A. M., Lenze, E. J., Stark, S. L., Lin, N., Inouye, S. K., Schmitt, E. M., McKinnon, S., et al. (2016) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011505 · Cited by 55
Self-citationVasunilashorn, S. M., Marcantonio, E. R., Gou, Y., Pisani, M. A., Travison, T. G., Schmitt, E. M., Jones, R. N., & Inouye, S. K. (2016) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-016-3671-9 · Cited by 48
Self-citationStoppe, C., Fahlenkamp, A. V., Rex, S., Veeck, N. C., Gozdowsky, S. C., Schälte, G., Autschbach, R., Rossaint, R., & Coburn, M. (2013) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aet072 · Cited by 45
Delirium and Cerebrospinal Fluid S100B in Hip Fracture Patients: A Preliminary Study
Hall, R. J., Ferguson, K. J., Andrews, M., Green, A. J. E., White, T. O., Armstrong, I. R., & MacLullich, A. M. J. (2013) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2012.12.024 · Cited by 44
Tieges, Z., Stíobhairt, A., Scott, K., Suchorab, K., Weir, A., Parks, S., Shenkin, S. D., & MacLullich, A. M. J. (2015) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s1041610215000186 · Cited by 43
Boockvar, K. S., Teresi, J. A., & Inouye, S. K. (2016) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.14091 · Cited by 43
Self-citationDifferential Associations Between Delirium and Mortality According to Delirium Subtype and Age
Kim, S., Kim, S., Kim, J., Shin, I., Bae, K., Shim, H., Bae, W., Cho, S., Chung, I., & Yoon, J. (2015) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000239 · Cited by 42
Does Apolipoprotein E Genotype Increase Risk of Postoperative Delirium?
Vasunilashorn, S. M., Ngo, L. H., Kosar, C. M., Fong, T. G., Jones, R. N., Inouye, S. K., & Marcantonio, E. R. (2015) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2014.12.192 · Cited by 41
Self-citationShulman, R. W., Kalra, S., & Jiang, J. (2016) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-016-0217-2 · Cited by 41
Kolanowski, A., Fick, D., Litaker, M., Mulhall, P., Clare, L., Hill, N., Mogle, J., Boustani, M., Gill, D., & Yevchak‐Sillner, A. (2016) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.14511 · Cited by 40
Intracranial cause of delirium: computed tomography yield and predictive factors
Lai, M. M. Y., & Niam, D. M. W. T. (2010) · Internal Medicine Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1445-5994.2010.02400.x · Cited by 40
Quantitative proteomics of delirium cerebrospinal fluid
Poljak, A., Hill, M. A., Hall, R. J., MacLullich, A. M. J., Raftery, M. J., Tai, J. Y. Y., Yan, S., & Caplan, G. A. (2014) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2014.114 · Cited by 40
Cerebrospinal fluid levels of neopterin are elevated in delirium after hip fracture
Hall, R. J., Watne, L. O., Idland, A., Raeder, J. C., Frihagen, F., MacLullich, A. M. J., Staff, A. C., Wyller, T. B., & Fekkes, D. (2016) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0636-1 · Cited by 40
Prevalence and documentation of impaired mental status in elderly emergency department patients
Hustey, F. M., Meldon, S. W., & Palmer, R. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 39
Atalan, N., Sevim, M. E., Akgün, S., Fazlıoğulları, O., & Başaran, C. (2013) · Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia · doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2013.01.017 · Cited by 38
Yang, J.-W., Choi, W., Ko, Y., Joe, S.-H., Han, C., & Kim, Y. (2012) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2012.05.003 · Cited by 37
Watne, L. O., Hall, R. J., Molden, E., Raeder, J. C., Frihagen, F., MacLullich, A. M. J., Juliebø, V., Nyman, A., Meagher, D. J., & Wyller, T. B. (2014) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.12612 · Cited by 36
Metersky, M. L., Williams, A., & Rafanan, A. L. (1997) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/514531 · Cited by 36
Papadopoulos, G. A., Pouangare, M., Papathanakos, G., Arnaoutoglou, E. M., Petrou, A., & Tzimas, P. G. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 30
Longitudinal assessment of serum anticholinergic activity in delirium of the elderly
Munster, B. C. V., Thomas, C., Kreisel, S. H., Brouwer, J. P., Nanninga, S., Kopitz, J., & de Rooij, S. E. (2012) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.06.015 · Cited by 30
Lin, H., Eeles, E. M., Pandy, S., Pinsker, D. M., Brasch, C., & Yerkovich, S. T. (2015) · Australian Journal on Ageing · doi:10.1111/ajag.12216 · Cited by 29
Treatment of delirium with risperidone in cancer patients
Kishi, Y., Kato, M., Okuyama, T., & THURBER, S. D. (2012) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.2012.02346.x · Cited by 28
Clinical risk factors for non-convulsive status epilepticus during emergent electroencephalogram
Tu, T. M., Loh, N. K., & Tan, N. C. (2013) · Seizure · doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2013.05.019 · Cited by 28
Interventions for preventing delirium in older people in institutional long-term care
González-Gil, M. T. (2015) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2015.12.009 · Cited by 24
Akunne, A. F., Davis, S., Westby, M. J., & Young, J. B. (2013) · European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology · doi:10.1007/s00590-013-1170-9 · Cited by 23
Rhodius‐Meester, H. F. M., van Campen, J. P. C. M., Fung, W., Meagher, D. J., Munster, B. C. V., & de Jonghe, J. F. M. (2013) · Tijdschrift voor Gerontologie en Geriatrie · doi:10.1007/s12439-013-0028-2 · Cited by 22
Screening for delirium within the interrai acute care assessment system
Salih, S. A., Paul, S. K., Klein, K., Lakhan, P., & Gray, L. (2012) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-012-0074-4 · Cited by 22
Pedersen, S. S., Kirkegaard, T., Jørgensen, M. B., & Jørgensen, V. L. (2013) · Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery · doi:10.1093/icvts/ivt501 · Cited by 21
Oh, C.-S., Rhee, K.-Y., Yoon, T. G., Woo, N.-S., Hong, S., & Kim, S. (2016) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2016/1054597 · Cited by 21
Rhodius‐Meester, H. F. M., van Campen, J. P. C. M., Fung, W., Meagher, D. J., Munster, B. C. V., & de Jonghe, J. F. M. (2013) · European Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.eurger.2012.11.006 · Cited by 20
Dighe, K., Clarke, H. A., McCartney, C. J. L., & Wong, C. L. (2014) · Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d anesthésie · doi:10.1007/s12630-014-0235-5 · Cited by 19
Glucocorticoid receptor haplotype is associated with a decreased risk of delirium in the elderly
Manenschijn, L., van Rossum, E. F. C., Jetten, A. M., de Rooij, S. E., & Munster, B. C. V. (2011) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.31165 · Cited by 18
The Tryptophan Depletion Theory in Delirium: Not Confirmed in Elderly Hip Fracture Patients
de Jonghe, A., Munster, B. C. V., Fekkes, D., van Oosten, H. E., & de Rooij, S. E. (2012) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1016/j.psym.2011.09.009 · Cited by 18
Ashraf, J. M., Schweiger, M. J., Vallurupalli, N. G., Bellantonio, S., & Cook, J. R. (2015) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · doi:10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2015.03.017 · Cited by 9
Goldberg, S. E., Bradshaw, L. E., Whittamore, K. H., Gladman, J. R. F., & Harwood, R. (2013) · European Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.eurger.2013.07.579 · Cited by 1
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Alzheimer’s Disease Clinical Spectrum
Atri, A. (2019) · Medical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2018.10.009 · Cited by 623
“The deliriumdementia link has been reviewed in the literature.(59,60) Tier 1 to 2 CBS or dementia assessment laboratory tests or studies (see Table 4) can help identify common conditions that exacerbate symptoms, including dehydration, electrolyte and metabolic derangements, anemia, cardiac or cerebral ischemia, hypox…”
Babulal, G. M., Quiroz, Y. T., Albensi, B. C., Arenaza‐Urquijo, E., Astell, A. J., Babiloni, C., Bahar‐Fuchs, A., Bell, J., Bowman, G. L., Brickman, A. M., et al. (2019) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2018.09.009 · Cited by 528
Self-citationHospital elder life program: systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness
Hshieh, T. T., Yang, T., Gartaganis, S. L., Yue, J., & Inouye, S. K. (2018) · The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2018.06.007 · Cited by 466
Self-citationReynolds, C. F., Jeste, D. V., Sachdev, P. S., & Blazer, D. G. (2022) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20996 · Cited by 465
The inter-relationship between delirium and dementia: the importance of delirium prevention
Fong, T. G., & Inouye, S. K. (2022) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-022-00698-7 · Cited by 404
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Oh, E. S., Fong, T. G., Hshieh, T. T., & Inouye, S. K.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2017-09-26
- Volume
- 318
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1161
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- PMC
- PMC5717753
- OpenAlex
- W2759229677
- Cited by
- 926
- References
- 116
- Citations by year
- 2026: 88 · 2025: 113 · 2024: 90 · 2023: 103 · 2022: 163 · 2021: 139 · 2020: 90 · 2019: 82 · 2018: 53 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 58.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR001102)
- National Institute on Aging (P01AG031720, K07AG041835, P50AG005146, R24AG054259, R01AG044518, K23AG043504)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Alcoholism and Thiamine Deficiency
- Keywords
- delirium, older adults, delirium diagnosis, delirium screening tools, Confusion Assessment Method, delirium severity assessment, delirium prevention, non-pharmacological treatment, immobility, antipsychotic drugs, sedating medications, delirium management, risk stratification
- MeSH terms
- Emergence Delirium, Aged, Delirium, Electroencephalography, Humans, Severity of Illness Index, Antipsychotic Agents, Biomarkers, Geriatric Assessment, Practice Guidelines as Topic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
