High‐Strain Shape‐Memory Polymers
Abstract
Shape‐memory polymers (SMPs) are self‐adjusting, smart materials in which shape changes can be accurately controlled at specific, tailored temperatures. In this study, the glass transition temperature (Tg) is adjusted between 28 and 55 °C through synthesis of copolymers of methyl acrylate (MA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), and isobornyl acrylate (IBoA). Acrylate compositions with both crosslinker densities and photoinitiator concentrations optimized at fractions of a mole percent demonstrate fully recoverable strains at 807% for a Tg of 28 °C, at 663% for a Tg of 37 °C, and at 553% for a Tg of 55 °C. A new compound, 4,4′‐di(acryloyloxy)benzil (referred to hereafter as Xini) in which both polymerizable and initiating functionalities are incorporated in the same molecule, was synthesized and polymerized into acrylate shape‐memory polymers, which were thermomechanically characterized yielding fully recoverable strains above 500%. The materials synthesized in this work were compared to an industry standard thermoplastic SMP, Mitsubishi's MM5510, which showed failure strains of similar magnitude, but without full shape recovery: residual strain after a single shape‐memory cycle caused large‐scale disfiguration. The materials in this study are intended to enable future applications where both recoverable high‐strain capacity and the ability to accurately and independently position Tg are required.
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SMPs are smart stimuli-responsive polymeric materials that can be programmed to a temporary shape and recover their permanent shape upon external stimuli such as temperature, light irradiation, solvents, electrical current, magnetic field, and electromagnetic field.
“Shape-memory polymers (SMPs)1−6 are smart stimuli-responsive polymeric materials, which can be programmed to a specific temporary shape and recover their memorized permanent shape upon the application of external stimuli such as temperature,7−9 light irradiation,10−12 solvents,13,14 electrical current,15,16 magnetic field,17 and electromagnetic field.18”
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- Authors
- Voit, W., Ware, T., Dasari, R. R., Smith, P., Danz, L., Simon, D., Barlow, S., Marder, S. R., & Gall, K.
- Affiliations
- Georgia Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Voit, Walter
- Gall, Ken
- Venue
- Advanced Functional Materials
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-12-28
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 162-171
- ISSN
- 1616-301X (ISSN-L)
- 1616-3028
- OpenAlex
- W2105748029
- Cited by
- 247
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 9.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Advanced Functional Materials (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer composites and self-healing
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Advanced Materials and Mechanics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
- Keywords
- shape memory polymers, glass transition temperature, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, isobornyl acrylate, acrylate copolymers, photoinitiator concentration, thermomechanical characterization, residual strain, smart materials
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