Cited by 3,198Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineHydrogels: synthesis, properties, applicationsbiodegradable polymer synthesis and properties

Designing materials for biology and medicine

Langer, Robert, Tirrell, David A.·2004·Nature

Abstract

Biomaterials have played an enormous role in the success of medical devices and drug delivery systems. We discuss here new challenges and directions in biomaterials research. These include synthetic replacements for biological tissues, designing materials for specific medical applications, and materials for new applications such as diagnostics and array technologies.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/nature02388

Cites

68 of 68 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Fillers such as indocyanine green and Epolight 4121, gold particles, conductive ceramics, carbon blacks, nanotubes, and even ink may be incorporated in SMPs to improve the heating efficiency.

    “Fillers such as indocyanine green and Epolight 4121, gold particles [423,424], conductive ceramics, carbon blacks, nanotubes, and even ink [425] may be incorporated in SMPs to improve the heating efficiency [149,311,416,426,427].”
  • Protein-based hydrogels can be outfitted with a broad range of chemical functionalities by introducing noncanonical amino acids; they can also be readily tailored to a wide variety of biomedical contexts and made thermally responsive.

    “Protein-based hydrogels can be outfitted with a broad range of chemical functionalities by introducing noncanonical amino acids208,209; they can also be readily tailored to a wide variety of biomedical contexts210,211 and made thermally responsive212,213.”

    From Towards organoid culture without Matrigel (2021) · cites this paper as [210]

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Authors
Langer, R., & Tirrell, D. A.
Affiliations
California Institute of Technology (US)
Venue
Nature
Published
2004-04-01
Volume
428
Issue
6982
Pages
487-492
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
OpenAlex
W2154157809
Cited by
3,198
References
70
Citations by year
2026: 72 · 2025: 83 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 78 · 2022: 98 · 2021: 124 · 2020: 107 · 2019: 139 · 2018: 193 · 2017: 194 · 2016: 219 · 2015: 194 · 2014: 212 · 2013: 196 · 2012: 197
FWCI
21.08
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
Keywords
biomaterials, tissue engineering, medical devices, drug delivery systems, medical diagnostics, microarray
MeSH terms
Animals, Biocompatible Materials, Humans, Medicine, Tissue Engineering, Protein Array Analysis

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