Cellulose: Fascinating Biopolymer and Sustainable Raw Material
Abstract
As the most important skeletal component in plants, the polysaccharide cellulose is an almost inexhaustible polymeric raw material with fascinating structure and properties. Formed by the repeated connection of D ‐glucose building blocks, the highly functionalized, linear stiff‐chain homopolymer is characterized by its hydrophilicity, chirality, biodegradability, broad chemical modifying capacity, and its formation of versatile semicrystalline fiber morphologies. In view of the considerable increase in interdisciplinary cellulose research and product development over the past decade worldwide, this paper assembles the current knowledge in the structure and chemistry of cellulose, and in the development of innovative cellulose esters and ethers for coatings, films, membranes, building materials, drilling techniques, pharmaceuticals, and foodstuffs. New frontiers, including environmentally friendly cellulose fiber technologies, bacterial cellulose biomaterials, and in‐vitro syntheses of cellulose are highlighted together with future aims, strategies, and perspectives of cellulose research and its applications.
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Bacterial cellulose (BC) is produced by acetic acid bacteria Gluconobacter xylinum and is obtainable in a pure form that requires no intensive processing to remove lignin, pectin and hemicellulose.
“Bacterial cellulose (BC), produced by acetic acid bacteria Gluconobacter xylinum, is obtainable in a pure form which requires no intensive processing to remove undesirable impurities and contaminants such as lignin, pectin and hemicellulose.75,76”
From Sustainable hybrid photocatalysts: titania immobilized on carbon materials derived from renewable and biodegradable resources (2016) · cites this paper as [75]
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- Authors
- Klemm, D., Heublein, B., Fink, H., & Bohn, A.
- Affiliations
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (DE)
- Venue
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-05-24
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 22
- Pages
- 3358-3393
- ISSN
- 1433-7851 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-3773
- OpenAlex
- W2139413502
- Cited by
- 7,551
- References
- 215
- Citations by year
- 2026: 401 · 2025: 462 · 2024: 500 · 2023: 489 · 2022: 554 · 2021: 616 · 2020: 556 · 2019: 569 · 2018: 473 · 2017: 456 · 2016: 403 · 2015: 387 · 2014: 394 · 2013: 302 · 2012: 270
- FWCI
- 5.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft) (submittedVersion)
- Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Advanced Cellulose Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lignin and Wood Chemistry
- Keywords
- cellulose, biopolymers, polysaccharide structure, cellulose esters, cellulose ethers, cellulose modification, bacterial cellulose, cellulose applications, sustainable raw materials
- MeSH terms
- Bacteria, Biocompatible Materials, Biopolymers, Cellulose, Industrial Microbiology, Molecular Structure
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