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Immunochemical characterization of inhibitory mouse cortical neurons: Three chemically distinct classes of inhibitory cells
Open accessAbstract
The cerebral cortex has diverse types of inhibitory neurons. In rat cortex, past research has shown that parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SOM), calretinin (CR), and cholecystokinin (CCK) label four distinct chemical classes of GABAergic interneurons. However, in contrast to rat cortex, previous studies indicate that there is significant colocalization of SOM and CR in mouse cortical inhibitory neurons. In the present study we further characterized immunochemical distinctions among mouse inhibitory cortical neurons by double immunochemical labeling with chemical markers. We found that, PV, SOM, and vasointenstinal peptide (VIP) reliably identify three nonoverlapping distinct subpopulations, as there was no overlap of immunoreactivity between PV and all the other chemical markers tested, and SOM and VIP did not show any overlap in labeled neurons in all the cortical areas. In comparison, there was significant overlap in combinations of other chemical markers. With some laminar and regional variations, the average overlap of SOM/CR (percentage of SOM+ cells expressing CR) and SOM/neuropeptide tyrosine (NPY) across all examined layers and cortical regions was 21.6% and 7.1%, respectively. The average overlap of VIP/CR, VIP/NPY, and CR/NPY was 34.2%, 9.5%, and 10%, respectively. We quantified and assessed the percentages of marker-positive GABAergic cells, and showed that the nonoverlapping subpopulations (i.e., PV+, SOM+ and VIP+ cells) accounted for about 60% of the GABAergic cell population. Taken together, our data reveal important chemical distinctions between mouse inhibitory cortical neurons and indicate that PV, SOM, and VIP can differentially label a majority of mouse inhibitory cortical neurons.
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“On the other hand, O-LMs express PV, albeit at significantly lower levels than AACs/PVBCs/BiCs, while PV and SST are considered mutually exclusive in the neocortex (324, 344, 561, 568, 582, 721, 1142, 1237).”
From Hippocampal GABAergic Inhibitory Interneurons (2017) · cites this paper as [1237]
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“As noted earlier, PV+ and SST+ interneurons form relatively non-overlapping interneuron populations [132, 133].”
From An emerging circuit pharmacology of GABAA receptors (2018) · cites this paper as [133]
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Tremblay, R., Lee, S., & Rudy, B. (2016) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2016.06.033 · Cited by 2,033
A resource of Cre driver lines for genetic targeting of GABAergic neurons in cerebral cortex
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Conserved cell types with divergent features in human versus mouse cortex
Hodge, R. D., Bakken, T. E., Miller, J. A., Smith, K. A., Barkan, E. R., Graybuck, L. T., Close, J. L., Long, B., Johansen, N., Penn, O., et al. (2019) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1506-7 · Cited by 1,775
Adult mouse cortical cell taxonomy revealed by single cell transcriptomics
Tasic, B., Menon, V., Nguyen, T. N., Kim, T. K., Jarsky, T., Yao, Z., Levi, B., Gray, L. T., Sorensen, S. A., Dolbeare, T., et al. (2016) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.4216 · Cited by 1,714
Three groups of interneurons account for nearly 100% of neocortical GABAergic neurons
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Metadata
- Authors
- Xu, X., Roby, K. D., & Callaway, E. M.
- Affiliations
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies (US)
- Corresponding author
- Callaway, Edward M.
- Venue
- Journal of Comparative Neurology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-11-30
- Volume
- 518
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 389-404
- ISSN
- 0021-9967 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-9861
- PMC
- PMC2804902
- OpenAlex
- W2066101989
- Cited by
- 429
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 7.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Journal of Comparative Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH063912, R01MH063912)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R00DA023700, K99DA023700, DA023700)
- National Eye Institute (EY-010742, R01EY010742)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- GABAergic interneurons, parvalbumin, somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, neuropeptide tyrosine, calretinin, cholecystokinin, neuropeptide co-localization, mouse cortex, interneuron subpopulations
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain Chemistry, Cerebral Cortex, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Glutamate Decarboxylase, Immunohistochemistry, Interneurons, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Neural Inhibition, Synaptic Transmission, Neuropeptide Y, Neuropeptides, Parvalbumins, Phenotype, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Somatostatin, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Biomarkers, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Mice, S100 Calcium Binding Protein G, Calbindin 2
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