PREVENTING CHILD AND ADOLESCENT ANXIETY DISORDERS: OVERVIEW OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS: Review: Preventing Child and Adolescent Anxiety
Abstract
Overviews of systematic reviews (OSRs) provide rapid access to high quality, consolidated research evidence about prevention intervention options, supporting evidence-informed decision-making, and the identification of fruitful areas of new research. This OSR addressed three questions about prevention strategies for child and adolescent anxiety: (1) Does the intervention prevent anxiety diagnosis and/or reduce anxiety symptoms compared to passive controls? (2) Is the intervention equal to or more effective than active controls? (3) What is the evidence quality (EQ) for the intervention? Prespecified inclusion criteria identified systematic reviews and meta-analyses (2000-2014) with an AMSTAR quality score ≥ 3/5. EQ was rated using Oxford evidence levels EQ1 (highest) to EQ5 (lowest). Three reviews met inclusion criteria. One narrative systematic review concluded school-based interventions reduce anxiety symptoms. One meta-analysis pooled 65 randomized controlled trials (RCTs; any intervention) and reported a small, statistically significant reduction in anxiety symptoms and diagnosis incidence. Neither review provided pooled effect size estimates for specific intervention options defined by type (i.e., universal/selective/indicated), intervention content, or comparison group (i.e., passive/active control), thus precluding EQ ratings. One meta-analysis pooled trials of vigorous exercise and reported small, nonstatistically significant reductions in anxiety symptoms for comparisons against passive and active controls (EQ1). Better use of primary studies in meta-analyses, including program-specific pooled effect size estimates and network meta-analysis is needed to guide evidence-informed anxiety prevention program choices. RCTs of innovative community/primary care based interventions and web-based strategies can fill knowledge gaps.
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Meta-analytic and review data show that indicated prevention programs for emotional problems are more promising than universal prevention.
“Meta-analytic and review data of indicated prevention programs for emotional problems have shown them to be more promising than universal prevention, i.e., interventions targeting the general population (Bennett et al., 2015;Hugh-Jones et al., 2021;Lawrence et al., 2017;Teubert & Pinquart, 2011).”
From Effectiveness of a transdiagnostic indicated preventive intervention for adolescents at high risk for anxiety and depressive disorders (2024) · cites this paper as Bennett et al., 2015
Data from a meta-analytic review of CBT-based depression and anxiety prevention for at-risk adolescents suggest that current RCTs of such indicated prevention programs are scarce and suffer from methodological limitations, with only 16% including any active control condition.
“However, data from a meta-analytic review of both depression and anxiety prevention based on CBT for at-risk adolescents suggests that current randomized control trials (RCT) of such indicated prevention programs are scarce and suffer from methodological limitations, with only 16% of the studies including any active control condition (ACC) at all (Bennett et al., 2015;van Doorn et al., 2021).”
From Effectiveness of a transdiagnostic indicated preventive intervention for adolescents at high risk for anxiety and depressive disorders (2024) · cites this paper as Bennett et al., 2015
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- Authors
- Bennett, K., Manassis, K., Duda, S., Bagnell, A., Bernstein, G. A., Garland, E. J., Miller, L. D., Newton, A., Thabane, L., & Wilansky, P.
- Affiliations
- McMaster University (CA)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Dalhousie University (CA)
- University of Minnesota (US)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Bennett, Kathryn
- ORCID
- Venue
- Depression and Anxiety
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-08-18
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 909-918
- ISSN
- 1091-4269 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2151959087
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 0.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Depression and Anxiety (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (KA1-119793)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Keywords
- anxiety disorders, child and adolescent anxiety, prevention interventions, school-based intervention, exercise intervention, anxiety symptoms, quality of evidence, online intervention, community-based intervention
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Anxiety Disorders, Child, Female, Humans, Male, School Health Services
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