Are there sensitive periods when child maltreatment substantially elevates suicide risk? Results from a nationally representative sample of adolescents: G omez et al.

Gomez, Stephanie H.; Tse, Jenny; Wang, Yan; Turner, Brianna; Millner, Alexander J.; Nock, Matthew K.; Dunn, Erin C.

doi:10.1002/da.22650

Cited by 85Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesChild Abuse and TraumaHomicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse

Are there sensitive periods when child maltreatment substantially elevates suicide risk? Results from a nationally representative sample of adolescents: G omez et al.

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Gomez, Stephanie H., Tse, Jenny, Wang, Yan, Turner, Brianna, Millner, Alexander J., Nock, Matthew K., Dunn, Erin C.·2017·Depression and Anxiety

DOI 10.1002/da.22650PMC PMC6171345

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Although child maltreatment is a well documented risk factor for suicidal behavior, little is known about whether the timing of child maltreatment differentially associates with risk of suicidal ideation, suicide plans, or suicide attempts. The goal of this study was to examine whether a first exposure to physical or sexual abuse during specific developmental periods significantly elevated risk for suicidal behavior in adolescents. METHODS: Data came from the National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement, a population-based sample of US adolescents aged 13-18 years old (n = 9,272). Using discrete time survival analysis, we assessed the association between timing of first abuse (early childhood: ages 0-5; middle childhood: ages 6-10; adolescence: ages 11-18) and suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts. RESULTS: Exposure to either physical or sexual abuse increased the odds of reporting suicidal ideation (odds ratio [OR] = 5.06 and OR = 3.56, respectively), plans (OR = 3.63 and OR = 3.58, respectively), and attempts (OR = 5.80 and OR = 4.21, respectively), even after controlling for sociodemographic covariates and psychiatric disorders. However, the timing of physical and sexual abuse exposure was unassociated with suicidal behavior (all p values >.05). CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to child maltreatment is strongly associated with risk for adolescent suicidal behaviors, though this association did not vary based on the developmental timing of first exposure. These findings suggest that prevention efforts should be implemented throughout early development and target all children, regardless of when they were first exposed.

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A meta-analysis found sexual abuse to be the most significant predictor of future suicidal behavior among types of child maltreatment.
“a meta-analysis examining specific types of child maltreatment found sexual abuse to be the most significant predictor of future suicidal behavior (Angelakis et al., 2020; Gomez et al., 2017).25,26”
From Evidence-based youth suicide prevention and intervention in pediatric primary care settings. (2024) · cites this paper as [26]
Child maltreatment is a significant risk factor for youth suicide, suicide attempts, and suicidal ideation.
“Child maltreatment is also a significant risk for youth suicide, suicide attempts, and suicidal ideation;12,25,26”
From Evidence-based youth suicide prevention and intervention in pediatric primary care settings. (2024) · cites this paper as [26]

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What Is Suicidal Behavior, and Can It Be Prevented?
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“In my end is my beginning”
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I Predict, Therefore I Cannot Be
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Predicting the Unpredictable
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The Dark Side of the Brain
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Family psychoeducation after a suicide attempt
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The Treatment of Suicide Risk
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Images of the Suicidal Brain
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I Think, Therefore I Do Not Want to Be
van Heeringen, K. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316563205.006
References
(2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316563205.013
Colour Plates
van Heeringen, K. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316563205.015
Preface
van Heeringen, K. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316563205.001
Lethal Signals
van Heeringen, K. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316563205.005
Glossary
van Heeringen, K. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316563205.012
Youth Suicide
Ewing, E. S. K., Hunt, Q. A., Singer, J. B., Diamond, G. S., & Winley, D. M. (2020) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119788393.ch14
Index
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Negative Perceptions of Peer Relationships as Mechanisms in the Association Between Maltreatment Timing and the Development of Psychopathology
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Family psychoeducation after a suicide attempt
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Additional file 1 of Pathways from childhood trauma to suicidal ideation: mediating through difficulties in emotion regulation and depressive symptoms
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Additional file 1 of Participatory model building for suicide prevention in Canada
Thompson, L. H., Lang, J. J., Olibris, B., Gauthier-Beaupré, A., Cook, H., Gillies, D., & Orpana, H. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12082497
Additional file 1 of Childhood adversity and psychopathology: the dimensions of timing, type and chronicity in a population-based sample of high-risk adolescents
Zarchev, M. G., Grootendorst-van Mil, N. H., Bouter, D. C., Hoogendijk, W. J. G., Mulder, C. L., & Kamperman, A. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26695077
The divergent pathways from child abuse to suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt: A longitudinal sequential mediation study of psychache and nonsuicidal self-injury among Chinese adolescents
Kang, N., Xie, R., Sun, H., Wu, R., Chen, D., Lai, W., & You, J. (2026) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.108210

DEVELOPMENTAL TIMING OF CHILD MALTREATMENT AND SYMPTOMS OF DEPRESSION AND SUICIDAL IDEATION IN YOUNG ADULTHOOD: RESULTS FROM THE NATIONAL LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH
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Self-citation
Early Childhood Adversity, Stress, and Developmental Pathways of Suicide Risk
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The Relation Between Child Maltreatment and Adolescent Suicidal Behavior: A Systematic Review and Critical Examination of the Literature
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Authors: Gomez, S. H., Tse, J., Wang, Y., Turner, B., Millner, A. J., Nock, M. K., & Dunn, E. C.
Affiliations: Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
Harvard University (US)
University of Victoria (CA)
Broad Institute (US)
Corresponding author: Dunn, Erin C.
ORCID: Gomez, Stephanie H.
Turner, Brianna
Millner, Alexander J.
Nock, Matthew K.
Dunn, Erin C.
Venue: Depression and Anxiety
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2017-05-23
Volume: 34
Issue: 8
Pages: 734-741
ISSN: 1091-4269 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1002/da.22650
PMC: PMC6171345
OpenAlex: W2619343638
Cited by: 84
References: 48
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 2
FWCI: 15.56
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm)
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Depression and Anxiety (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (K01MH102403)
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
American Foundation for Suicide Prevention
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
Keywords: child abuse, suicide risk, adolescents, sensitive period, physical abuse, sexual abuse, suicidal ideation, suicide planning, suicide attempts, developmental stages
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Child Abuse, Female, Humans, Male, Risk, Suicide, Attempted, Time Factors, Suicidal Ideation

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Are there sensitive periods when child maltreatment substantially elevates suicide risk? Results from a nationally representative sample of adolescents: G omez et al.

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