Digital phenotyping of suicidal thoughts
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: To examine whether there are subtypes of suicidal thinking using real-time digital monitoring, which allows for the measurement of such thoughts with greater temporal granularity than ever before possible. METHODS: We used smartphone-based real-time monitoring to assess suicidal thoughts four times per day in two samples: Adults who attempted suicide in the past year recruited from online forums (n = 51 participants with a total of 2,889 responses, surveyed over 28 days; ages ranged from 18 to 38 years) and psychiatric inpatients with recent suicidal ideation or attempts (n = 32 participants with a total of 640 responses, surveyed over the duration of inpatient treatment [mean stay = 8.79 days], ages ranged 23-68 years). Latent profile analyses were used to identify distinct phenotypes of suicidal thinking based on the frequency, intensity, and variability of such thoughts. RESULTS: Across both samples, five distinct phenotypes of suicidal thinking emerged that differed primarily on the intensity and variability of suicidal thoughts. Participants whose profile was characterized by more severe, persistent suicidal thoughts (i.e., higher mean and lower variability around the mean) were most likely to have made a recent suicide attempt. CONCLUSIONS: Suicidal thinking has historically been studied as a homogeneous construct, but using newly available monitoring technology we discovered five profiles of suicidal thinking. Key questions for future research include how these phenotypes prospectively relate to future suicidal behaviors, and whether they represent remain stable or trait-like over longer periods.
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Those with more severe and persistent suicidal thoughts were more likely to have recently attempted suicide.
“The investigators found that those with more severe and persistent suicidal thoughts were more likely to have recently attempted suicide.”
From New methods for assessing rapid changes in suicide risk (2021) · cites this paper as [41]
EMA identifies a subgroup of suicidal individuals with highly variable severity of suicidal thoughts and stress-triggered spikes.
“EMA also identifies a subgroup of suicidal individuals who report a more highly variable severity pattern of suicidal thoughts and spikes of suicidal thoughts when stressed (253).”
From A brain-centric model of suicidal behavior (2020) · cites this paper as [253]
Digital phenotyping of suicidal ideators based on EMA data has so far been implemented by few.
“but so far implemented by few (50, 57, 70).”
From Don't Miss the Moment: A Systematic Review of Ecological Momentary Assessment in Suicide Research (2022) · cites this paper as [50]
Attempts have been made to create new categorizations of suicidal ideators based on real-time data.
“attempts have been made to create new categorizations of suicidal ideators based on real-time data (50).”
From Don't Miss the Moment: A Systematic Review of Ecological Momentary Assessment in Suicide Research (2022) · cites this paper as [50]
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- Authors
- Kleiman, E. M., Turner, B. J., Fedor, S., Beale, E. E., Picard, R. W., Huffman, J. C., & Nock, M. K.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- University of Victoria (CA)
- MIT Media Lab (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kleiman, Evan M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Depression and Anxiety
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2018-04-10
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 601-608
- ISSN
- 1091-4269 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2855659753
- Cited by
- 210
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 21.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Depression and Anxiety (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Chet and Will Griswold Suicide Prevention Fund
- For the Love of Travis
- Pershing Square Venture Fund for Research on the Foundations of Human Behavior
- John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
- Keywords
- suicidal ideation, digital phenotyping, smartphone-based monitoring, suicide attempts, latent profiles, psychiatric inpatient care, suicide risk
- MeSH terms
- Smartphone, Ecological Momentary Assessment, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Inpatients, Male, Middle Aged, Outpatients, Phenotype, Psychiatric Department, Hospital, Surveys and Questionnaires, Suicide, Attempted, Young Adult, Suicidal Ideation
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