The DOI matches its Crossref record; 105 of the 105 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Attachment, loss, and complicated grief
Abstract
Bereavement is a highly disruptive experience that is usually followed by a painful but time‐limited period of acute grief. An unfortunate minority of individuals experience prolonged and impairing complicated grief, an identifiable syndrome that differs from usual grief, major depression, and other DSM IV diagnostic entities. Underlying processes guiding symptoms are not well understood for either usual or complicated grief. We propose a provisional model of bereavement, guided by Myron Hofer's question “What exactly is lost when a loved one dies?” We integrate insights about biobehavioral regulation from Hofer's animal studies of infant separation, research on adult human attachment, and new ideas from bereavement research. In this model, death of an attachment figure produces a state of traumatic loss and symptoms of acute grief. These symptoms usually resolve following revision of the internalized representation of the deceased to incorporate the reality of the death. Failure to accomplish this integration results in the syndrome of complicated grief. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 47: 253–267, 2005.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
(1969) · Cited by 18,340
Impact of Event Scale: A Measure of Subjective Stress
Horowitz, M., Wilner, N., & Alvarez, W. (1979) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-197905000-00004 · Cited by 7,813
Bonanno, G. A. (2004) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.59.1.20 · Cited by 6,851
Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process.
Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.52.3.511 · Cited by 6,247
Handbook of attachment: theory, research, and clinical applications
(1999) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.37-1841 · Cited by 5,389
Emmons, R. A., & McCullough, M. E. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.84.2.377 · Cited by 3,826
(1992) · Cited by 3,325
Attachment and loss: Retrospect and prospect.
Bowlby, J. (1982) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1982.tb01456.x · Cited by 2,930
Assessing the impact of life changes: Development of the Life Experiences Survey.
Sarason, I. G., Johnson, J. H., & Siegel, J. M. (1978) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.46.5.932 · Cited by 2,788
THE DUAL PROCESS MODEL OF COPING WITH BEREAVEMENT: RATIONALE AND DESCRIPTION
Schut, M. S. (1999) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/074811899201046 · Cited by 2,560
A neuropsychological theory of positive affect and its influence on cognition.
Ashby, F. G., Isen, A. M., & Turken, A. U. (1999) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.106.3.529 · Cited by 2,270
Mikulincer, M., Shaver, P. R., & Pereg, D. (2003) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1023/a:1024515519160 · Cited by 1,757
Models of the self and other: Fundamental dimensions underlying measures of adult attachment.
Griffin, D. W., & Bartholomew, K. (1994) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.67.3.430 · Cited by 1,756
Positive emotions speed recovery from the cardiovascular sequelae of negative emotions
L. Fredrickson, B., & Levenson, R. W. (1998) · Cognition and Emotion · doi:10.1080/026999398379718 · Cited by 1,592
The neural correlates of maternal and romantic love
Bartels, A., & Zeki, S. (2004) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.11.003 · Cited by 1,497
Attachment Security in Infancy and Early Adulthood: A Twenty-Year Longitudinal Study
Waters, E., Merrick, S., Treboux, D., Crowell, J., & Albersheim, L. (2000) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00176 · Cited by 1,228
Treatment of Complicated Grief: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Shear, K., Frank, E., Houck, P. R., & Reynolds, C. F. (2005) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.293.21.2601 · Cited by 1,097
Self-citationHarlow, H. F., & Zimmermann, R. R. (1959) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.130.3373.421 · Cited by 951
INFANT CRYING AND MATERNAL RESPONSIVENESS
Bell, S. M. V., & Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1972) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1972.tb02075.x · Cited by 894
Grief Counseling and Grief Therapy: A Handbook for the Mental Health Practitioner
Worden, J. W. (2008) · Springer Publishing Company eBooks · doi:10.1891/9780826101211 · Cited by 882
Attachment in adults: Clinical and developmental perspectives.
Sperling, M. R., & Berman, W. (1994) · Guilford Press eBooks · Cited by 851
Resilience to loss and chronic grief: A prospective study from preloss to 18-months postloss
Bonanno, G. A., Wortman, C. B., Lehman, D. R., Tweed, R. G., Haring, M., Sonnega, J., Carr, D., & Nesse, R. M. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.83.5.1150 · Cited by 836
The nature of the child's ties.
Cassidy, J. A. (1999) · Cited by 809
Attachment formation and transfer in young adults’close friendships and romantic relationships
FRALEY, R. C., & DAVIS, K. E. (1997) · Personal Relationships · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.1997.tb00135.x · Cited by 739
(1995) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.152.1.22 · Cited by 736
Collins, N. L., & Feeney, B. C. (2004) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.87.3.363 · Cited by 733
Perceptions of Conflict and Support in Romantic Relationships: The Role of Attachment Anxiety
Campbell, L., Simpson, J. A., Boldry, J., & Kashy, D. A. (2005) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.88.3.510 · Cited by 725
(1999) · Cited by 702
Mikulincer, M., Gillath, O., & Shaver, P. R. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.83.4.881 · Cited by 694
Diagnostic criteria for complicated grief disorder
(1997) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.154.7.904 · Cited by 648
Grief Counseling and Grief Therapy: A Handbook for the Mental Health Practitioner
(2018) · Springer Publishing Company eBooks · doi:10.1891/9780826134752 · Cited by 628
Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2001) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.81.1.97 · Cited by 626
Measurement of individual differences in adolescent and adult attachment.
Crowell, J. A., Fraley, R. C., & Shaver, P. R. (2008) · Cited by 612
Prospective Patterns of Resilience and Maladjustment During Widowhood.
Bonanno, G. A., Wortman, C. B., & Nesse, R. M. (2004) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/0882-7974.19.2.260 · Cited by 581
Predictors of caregiving in adult intimate relationships: An attachment theoretical perspective.
Feeney, B. C., & Collins, N. L. (2001) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.80.6.972 · Cited by 568
Consensus criteria for traumatic grief: A preliminary empirical test
Prigerson, H. G., Shear, M. K., Jacobs, S. C., Reynolds, C. F., Maciejewski, P. K., Davidson, J. R. T., Rosenheck, R., Pilkonis, P. A., Wortman, C. B., Williams, J. B. W., et al. (1999) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.174.1.67 · Cited by 561
MONK, T. H., REYNOLDS, C. F., KUPFER, D. J., BUYSSE, D. J., COBLE, P. A., HAYES, A. J., MACHEN, M. A., PETRIE, S. R., & RITENOUR, A. M. (1994) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.1994.tb00114.x · Cited by 536
Adult attachment and the suppression of unwanted thoughts.
Fraley, R. C., & Shaver, P. R. (1997) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.73.5.1080 · Cited by 515
Relationships as Regulators: A Psychobiologic Perspective on Bereavement*
Hofer, M. A. (1984) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-198405000-00001 · Cited by 476
Waters, E., Hamilton, C. E., & Weinfield, N. S. (2000) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00175 · Cited by 472
Pair bonds as attachments: Evaluating the evidence.
Hazan, C., & Zeifman, D. M. (1999) · Cited by 417
Altruistic Social Interest Behaviors Are Associated With Better Mental Health
Schwartz, C., Meisenhelder, J. B., Ma, Y., & Reed, G. (2003) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000079378.39062.d4 · Cited by 402
Early relationships as regulators of infant physiology and behavior
Hofer, M. A. (1994) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1994.tb13260.x · Cited by 397
Facial expressions of emotion and the course of conjugal bereavement
Bonanno, G. A., & Keltner, D. (1997) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.106.1.126 · Cited by 379
A Secure Base: Responsive Support of Goal Strivings and Exploration in Adult Intimate Relationships.
Feeney, B. C. (2004) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.87.5.631 · Cited by 375
NEIMEYER, R. A., PRIGERSON, H. G., & DAVIES, B. (2002) · American Behavioral Scientist · doi:10.1177/000276402236676 · Cited by 373
Positive Emotion and Health: Going Beyond the Negative.
Richman, L. S., Kubzansky, L., Maselko, J., Kawachi, I., Choo, P., & Bauer, M. (2005) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.4.422 · Cited by 372
Attachment and close relationships across the life span
Antonucci, T., Akiyama, H., & Takahashi, K. (2004) · Attachment & Human Development · doi:10.1080/1461673042000303136 · Cited by 368
Bonanno, G. A., Keltner, D., Holen, A., & Horowitz, M. J. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.69.5.975 · Cited by 355
Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder With Amitriptyline and Placebo
Davidson, J. (1990) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810150059010 · Cited by 350
HIDDEN REGULATORS IN ATTACHMENT, SEPARATION, AND LOSS
Hofer, M. A. (2008) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1540-5834.1994.tb01285.x · Cited by 349
JORDAN, J. R., & NEIMEYER, R. A. (2003) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/713842360 · Cited by 335
A case for establishing complicated grief as a distinct mental disorder in DSM-V
Lichtenthal, W. G., Cruess, D. G., & Prigerson, H. G. (2004) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2004.07.002 · Cited by 330
Attachment and exploration in adulthood.
Elliot, A. J., & Reis, H. T. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.317 · Cited by 327
Mikulincer, M., Hirschberger, G., Nachmias, O., & Gillath, O. (2001) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.81.2.305 · Cited by 326
Parkes, C. M. (1970) · Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/00332747.1970.11023644 · Cited by 325
Defining the Brain Systems of Lust, Romantic Attraction, and Attachment
Fisher, H. E., Aron, A., Mashek, D., Li, H., & Brown, L. L. (2002) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1023/a:1019888024255 · Cited by 317
Fraley, R. C., Garner, J. P., & Shaver, P. R. (2000) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.79.5.816 · Cited by 306
Resilience to Loss in Bereaved Spouses, Bereaved Parents, and Bereaved Gay Men.
Bonanno, G. A., Moskowitz, J. T., Papa, A., & Folkman, S. (2005) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.88.5.827 · Cited by 295
CONTINUING BONDS IN BEREAVEMENT: AN ATTACHMENT THEORY BASED PERSPECTIVE
FIELD, N. P., GAO, B., & PADERNA, L. (2005) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/07481180590923689 · Cited by 282
A Change of Heart: Cardiovascular Correlates of Forgiveness in Response to Interpersonal Conflict
Lawler, K. A., Younger, J. W., Piferi, R. L., Billington, E., Jobe, R., Edmondson, K., & Jones, W. H. (2003) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1023/a:1025771716686 · Cited by 260
Early Social Relationships: A Psychobiologist's View
Hofer, M. A. (1987) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1987.tb01406.x · Cited by 258
Fraley, R. C., & Bonanno, G. A. (2004) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167204264289 · Cited by 246
Gender differences in the effects of bereavement-related psychological distress in health outcomes
CHEN, J. H., BIERHALS, A. J., PRIGERSON, H. G., KASL, S. V., MAZURE, C. M., & JACOBS, S. (1999) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291798008137 · Cited by 246
Social support in social interaction: a moderator of cardiovascular reactivity.
Gerin, W., Pieper, C., Levy, R., & Pickering, T. G. (1992) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-199205000-00008 · Cited by 237
Stability of attachment representations: The transition to marriage.
Crowell, J. A., Treboux, D., & Waters, E. (2002) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037//0012-1649.38.4.467 · Cited by 234
Psychologic Functioning and Physical Health: A Paradigm of Flexibility
Rozanski, A., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2005) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000164253.69550.49 · Cited by 232
Treboux, D., Crowell, J. A., & Waters, E. (2004) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.40.2.295 · Cited by 216
Continuing bonds and adjustment at 5 years after the death of a spouse
Field, N. P., Gal-Oz, E., & Bonanno, G. A. (2003) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.71.1.110 · Cited by 215
WOLFF, C. T., FRIEDMAN, S. B., HOFER, M. A., & MASON, J. W. (1964) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-196409000-00002 · Cited by 212
Bonanno, G. A., Papa, A., Lalande, K., Zhang, N., & Noll, J. G. (2005) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.73.1.86 · Cited by 209
Insomnia and complicated grief symptoms in bereaved college students
Hardison, H. G., Neimeyer, R. A., & Lichstein, K. L. (2005) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1207/s15402010bsm0302_4 · Cited by 206
REPORT ON BEREAVEMENT AND GRIEF RESEARCH
(2004) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/07481180490461188 · Cited by 186
Mikulincer, M., Orbach, I., & Iavnieli, D. (1998) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.75.2.436 · Cited by 179
Waters, E., Weinfield, N. S., & Hamilton, C. E. (2000) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00179 · Cited by 173
ATTACHMENT STYLE AND BEREAVEMENT REACTIONS
Wayment, H. A., & Vierthaler, J. (2002) · Journal of Loss and Trauma · doi:10.1080/153250202753472291 · Cited by 167
The prevalence of PTSD following the violent death of a child and predictors of change 5 years later
Murphy, S. A., Johnson, L. C., Chung, I., & Beaton, R. D. (2003) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1023/a:1022003126168 · Cited by 166
On the nature and consequences of early loss
Hofer, M. A. (1996) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-199611000-00005 · Cited by 152
The relation of continuing attachment to adjustment in conjugal bereavement.
Field, N. P., Nichols, C., Holen, A., & Horowitz, M. J. (1999) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.67.2.212 · Cited by 149
A wider view of attachment and exploration: Stability and change during the years of immaturity.
Grossmann, K. E., Grossmann, K., & Zimmermann, P. (1999) · Cited by 149
Solace and immortality: Bereaved parents' continuing bond with their children
Klass, D. (1993) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/07481189308252630 · Cited by 147
Prigerson, H. G., & Maciejewski, P. K. (2006) · OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying · doi:10.2190/ankh-bb2h-d52n-x99y · Cited by 146
CONTINUING BONDS IN COPING WITH THE DEATH OF A HUSBAND
Field, N. P., & Friedrichs, M. F. (2004) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/07481180490476425 · Cited by 125
Sleep quality in complicated grief
Germain, A., Caroff, K., Buysse, D. J., & Shear, M. K. (2005) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.20035 · Cited by 118
Adult attachment, alexithymia, symptom reporting, and health-related coping
Wearden, A. J., Cook, L., & Vaughan-Jones, J. (2003) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(02)00635-9 · Cited by 111
Sleep after spousal bereavement: A study of recovery from stress
Reynolds, C. F., Hoch, C. C., Buysse, D. J., Houck, P. R., Schlernitzauer, M., Pasternak, R. E., Frank, E., Mazumdar, S., & Kupfer, D. J. (1993) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0006-3223(93)90068-o · Cited by 106
Hall, M. H., Buysse, D. J., Dew, M. A., Prigerson, H. G., Kupfer, D. J., & Reynolds, C. F. (1997) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6394(1997)6:3<106::aid-da3>3.0.co;2-b · Cited by 102
Hidden Regulatory Processes in Early Social Relationships
Hofer, M. A. (1978) · Perspectives in ethology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-2901-5_7 · Cited by 100
Pereg, D., & Mikulincer, M. (2004) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167203258852 · Cited by 100
The Development of Cardiac Rate Regulation in Preweanling Rats
Hofer, M. A., & Reiser, M. F. (1969) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-196909000-00003 · Cited by 97
Marchand, J. F. (2004) · Attachment & Human Development · doi:10.1080/14616730310001659575 · Cited by 95
Clinical and Biological Aspects of Bereavement and Loss-Induced Depression: A Reappraisal
Biondi, M., & Picardi, A. (2010) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000289082 · Cited by 91
Scott, R. L., & Córdova, J. V. (2002) · Journal of Family Psychology · doi:10.1037//0893-3200.16.2.199 · Cited by 88
Boerner, K., Wortman, C. B., & Bonanno, G. A. (2005) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences · doi:10.1093/geronb/60.2.p67 · Cited by 78
Psychobiological origins of infant attachment and separation responses.
Polan, H. J., & Hofer, M. A. (1999) · Cited by 76
Attachment state of mind and perceptual processing of emotional stimuli
Maier, M., Bernier, A., Pekrun, R. H., Zimmermann, P., Strasser, K., & Grossmann, K. E. (2005) · Attachment & Human Development · doi:10.1080/14616730500039606 · Cited by 73
(2000) · Perspectives in ethology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-1221-9 · Cited by 72
Wolff, C. T., Hofer, M. A., & Mason, J. W. (1964) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-196409000-00003 · Cited by 70
The daily life of complicated grief patients—What gets missed, what gets added?
Monk, T. H., Houck, P. R., & Katherine Shear, M. (2006) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/07481180500348860 · Cited by 47
GRIEF WORK VERSUS CONTINUING BONDS: A CALL FOR PARADIGM INTEGRATION OR REPLACEMENT?
Russac, R. J., Steighner, N. S., & Canto, A. I. (2002) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/074811802760138996 · Cited by 45
The development of affectional responses in infant dogs.
Igel, G. J., & Calvin, A. D. (1960) · Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0049308 · Cited by 43
Attachment Theory as an Organizing Framework: A View from Different Levels of Analysis
Pietromonaco, P. R., & Barrett, L. F. (2000) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.4.2.107 · Cited by 39
Factors in the persistence of unresolved grief among psychiatric outpatients
Zisook, S., Shuchter, S. R., & Schuckit, M. A. (1985) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1016/s0033-3182(85)72830-7 · Cited by 34
Is Grief a Disease? Sometimes.
Glass, R. M. (2005) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.293.21.2658 · Cited by 32
Cited by
Predictors of complicated grief: a systematic review of empirical studies
Lobb, E. A., Kristjanson, L. J., Aoun, S. M., Monterosso, L., Halkett, G. K. B., & Davies, A. (2010) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/07481187.2010.496686 · Cited by 611
Effects of suicide bereavement on mental health and suicide risk
Pitman, A., Osborn, D., King, M., & Erlangsen, A. (2014) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(14)70224-x · Cited by 492
Grief and bereavement: what psychiatrists need to know
ZISOOK, S., & SHEAR, K. (2009) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/j.2051-5545.2009.tb00217.x · Cited by 451
Self-citationSbarra, D. A., & Hazan, C. (2008) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868308315702 · Cited by 427
Keyes, K. M., Pratt, C., Galea, S., McLaughlin, K. A., Koenen, K. C., & Shear, M. K. (2014) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.13081132 · Cited by 398
Metadata
- Authors
- Shear, K., & Shair, H.
- Venue
- Developmental Psychobiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-10-26
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 253-267
- ISSN
- 0012-1630 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-2302
- OpenAlex
- W2047888985
- Cited by
- 443
- References
- 105
- FWCI
- 7.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.