Cited by 336Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances researchEnvironmental Chemistry and AnalysisToxic Organic Pollutants Impact

Biotransformation pathways of fluorotelomer-based polyfluoroalkyl substances: A review

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Butt, Craig M., Muir, Derek C.G., Mabury, Scott A.·2013·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

Abstract

The study reviews the current state of knowledge regarding the biotransformation of fluorotelomer-based compounds, with a focus on compounds that ultimately degrade to form perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs). Most metabolism studies have been performed with either microbial systems or rats and mice, and comparatively few studies have used fish models. Furthermore, biotransformation studies thus far have predominately used the 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (FTOH) as the substrate. However, there have been an increasing number of studies investigating 6:2 FTOH biotransformation as a result of industry's transition to shorter-chain fluorotelomer chemistry. Studies with the 8:2 FTOH metabolism universally show the formation of perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and, to a smaller fraction, perfluorononanoate (PFNA) and lower-chain-length PFCAs. In general, the overall yield of PFOA is low, presumably because of the multiple branches in the biotransformation pathways, including conjugation reactions in animal systems. There have been a few studies of non-FTOH biotransformation, which include polyfluoroalkyl phosphates (PAPs), 8:2 fluorotelomer acrylate (8:2 FTAC), and fluorotelomer carboxylates (FTCAs, FTUCAs). The PAPs compounds and 8:2 FTAC were shown to be direct precursors to FTOHs and thus follow similar degradation pathways. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:243–267. © 2013 SETAC

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Authors
Butt, C. M., Muir, D. C. G., & Mabury, S. A.
Affiliations
  • University of Toronto (CA)
  • Environment and Climate Change Canada (CA)
Venue
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
Published
2013-10-01
Volume
33
Issue
2
Pages
243-267
ISSN
  • 0730-7268 (ISSN-L)
  • 1552-8618
OpenAlex
W1930337788
Cited by
336
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 32 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 9
FWCI
1.30
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Environmental Chemistry and Analysis
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
Keywords
biotransformation, perfluoroalkyl carboxylates, fluorotelomer alcohols, perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorononanoate, conjugation, microbial metabolism, fish metabolism
MeSH terms
Animals, Bacteria, Biotransformation, Carboxylic Acids, Humans, Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated

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