From Waste Collection Vehicles to Landfills: Indication of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Transformation
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Municipal solid waste contain diverse and significant amounts of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and these compounds may transform throughout the "landfilling" process from transport through landfill degradation. Fresh vehicle leachates, from commercial and residential waste collection vehicles at a transfer station, were measured for 51 PFAS. Results were compared to PFAS levels obtained from aged landfill leachate at the disposal facility. The landfill leachate was dominated by perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs, including perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSAs); 86% of the total PFAS, by median mass concentration), while the majority of PFAS present in commercial and residential waste vehicle leachate were PFAA-precursors (70% and 56% of the total PFAS, by median mass concentration, respectively), suggesting precursor transformation to PFAAs during the course of landfill disposal. In addition, several PFAS, which are not routinely monitored-perfluoropropane sulfonic acid (PFPrS), 8-chloro-perfluoro-1-octane sulfonic acid (8Cl-PFOS), chlorinated polyfluoroether sulfonic acids (6:2, 8:2 Cl-PFESAs), sodium dodecafluoro-3H-4,8-dioxanonanoate (NaDONA), and perfluoro-4-ethylcyclohexanesulfonate (PFECHS)-were detected. Potential degradation pathways were proposed based on published studies: transformation of polyfluoroalkyl phosphate diester (diPAPs) and fluorotelomer sulfonic acids (FTS) to form PFCAs via formation of intermediate products such as fluorotelomer carboxylic acids (FTCAs).
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Variations in PFAS species detected in waste-collection-vehicle leachate compared with landfill leachate suggest alternative biodegradation pathways in long-term anaerobic settings such as landfills.
“variations in PFAS species detected in waste-collection-vehicle leachate compared to landfill leachate suggest alternative biodegradation pathways in long-term anaerobic settings such as landfills (72).”
From Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment (2022) · cites this paper as [72]
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- Authors
- Liu, Y., Robey, N. M., Bowden, J. A., Tolaymat, T. M., da Silva, B. F., Solo-Gabriele, H. M., & Townsend, T. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida (US)
- Environmental Protection Agency (US)
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology & Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
- Corresponding author
- Townsend, Timothy G.
- Venue
- Environmental Science & Technology Letters
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2020-10-27
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 66-72
- ISSN
- 2328-8930 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10581401
- OpenAlex
- W3096341062
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 3.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Environmental Science & Technology Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (83962001-0, EPA-G2018-STAR-B1)
- Hinkley Center for Solid and Hazardous Waste Management
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Landfill Environmental Impact Studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Keywords
- per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, PFAS transformation, landfill leachate, waste collection vehicles, municipal solid waste, perfluoroalkyl acids, fluorotelomer carboxylic acids, degradation pathways, transfer stations
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