6:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonate aerobic biotransformation in activated sludge of waste water treatment plants
Abstract
The aerobic biotransformation of 6:2 FTS salt [F(CF2)6CH2CH2SO3- K+] was determined in closed bottles for 90d in diluted activated sludge from three waste water treatment plants (WWTPs) to compare its biotransformation potential with that of 6:2 FTOH [F(CF2)6CH2CH2OH]. The 6:2 FTS biotransformation was relatively slow, with 63.7% remaining at day 90 and all observed transformation products together accounting for 6.3% of the initial 6:2 FTS applied. The overall mass balance (6:2 FTS plus observed transformation products) at day 90 in live and sterile treatments averaged 70% and 94%, respectively. At day 90, the stable transformation products observed were 5:3 acid [F(CF2)5CH2CH2COOH, 0.12%], PFBA [F(CF2)3COOH, 0.14%], PFPeA [F(CF2)4COOH, 1.5%], and PFHxA [F(CF2)5COOH 1.1%]. In addition, 5:2 ketone [F(CF2)5C(O)CH3] and 5:2 sFTOH [F(CF2)5CH(OH)CH3] together accounted for 3.4% at day 90. The yield of all the stable transformation products noted above (2.9%) was 19 times lower than that of 6:2 FTOH in aerobic soil. Thus 6:2 FTS is not likely to be a major source of PFCAs and polyfluorinated acids in WWTPs. 6:2 FTOH, 6:2 FTA [F(CF2)6CH2COOH], and PFHpA [F(CF2)6COOH] were not observed during the 90-d incubation. 6:2 FTS primary biotransformation bypassed 6:2 FTOH to form 6:2 FTUA [F(CF2)5CF=CHCOOH], which was subsequently degraded via pathways similar to 6:2 FTOH biotransformation. A substantial fraction of initially dosed 6:2 FTS (24%) may be irreversibly bound to diluted activated sludge catalyzed by microbial enzymes. The relatively slow 6:2 FTS degradation in activated sludge may be due to microbial aerobic de-sulfonation of 6:2 FTS, required for 6:2 FTS further biotransformation, being a rate-limiting step in microorganisms of activated sludge in WWTPs.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Biotransformation of 6:2 FTS has been studied in various mixed microbial cultures and pure microbial cultures.
“Biotransformation of 6:2 FTS has been studied in various mixed microbial culture (e.g., river sediment, activated sludge) (Wang et al., 2011; Ochoa-Herrera, 2016; Zhang et al., 2016) and pure microbial cultures (Key et al., 1998; Van Hamme et al., 2013; Shaw et al., 2019).”
From Formation of perfluorocarboxylic acids from 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS) in landfill leachate: Role of microbial communities (2020) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2011
Desulfonation, considered the rate-limiting step in 6:2 FTS biotransformation, can be catalyzed by monooxygenases.
“Desulfonation, considered to be the rate-limiting step in 6:2 FTS biotransformation (Wang et al., 2011), can be catalyzed by monooxygenases.”
From Formation of perfluorocarboxylic acids from 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS) in landfill leachate: Role of microbial communities (2020) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2011
6:2 FTAB and 6:2 FTSA can be further transformed into PFHpA and other short-chain PFCAs in the environment.
“There are few assessments of human and ecological risks associated with 6:2 FTAB and 6:2 FTSA, but these compounds can be further transformed into PFHpA and other short-chain PFCAs in the environment (Harding-Marjanovic et al., 2015; Zhang et al., 2016; Wang et al., 2011).”
From Biotransformation of perfluoroalkyl acid precursors from various environmental systems: advances and perspectives (2021) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2011
Aerobic biotransformation of 6:2 FTSA in WWTP activated sludge resulted in same transformation products as 6:2 FTOH, namely 5:2 sFTOH, 5:2 ketone and short chain PFCAs.
“Aerobic biotransformation of 6:2 FTSA in WWTP activated sludge resulted in same transformation products as 6:2 FTOH, namely 5:2 sFTOH, 5:2 ketone and short chain PFCAs (Wang et al., 2011).”
From A review of microbial degradation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS): Biotransformation routes and enzymes (2023) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2011
High concentrations of short chain PFAAs among the two campaigns might be due to degradation of perfluoroalkyl sulfonamide substances.
“High concentrations of short chain PFAAs among the two campaigns might be due to degradation of perfluoroalkyl sulfonamide substances”
From Release of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from a waste management facility fire to an urban creek (2022) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2011
6:2 FTS and long-chain PFAS such as PFOS can decompose into short-chain PFAS via biological and abiotic processes, including aerobic biotransformation in activated sludge from wastewater treatment plants.
“it has been suggested that 6:2 FTS and long-chain PFAS (e.g., PFOS) can decompose into short-chain PFAS via biological and abiotic processes e. g., aerobic biotransformation in activated sludge from WWTPs (Wang et al., 2011; Zhang et al., 2021).”
From Occurrence of emerging and persistent organic pollutants in the rivers Cam, Ouse and Thames, UK (2025) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2011
PFAS persist in the environment.
“PFAS persist in the environment,5−8”
From Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Groundwater Used as a Source of Drinking Water in the Eastern United States (2022) · cites this paper as [6]
The increase of PFAAs has been attributed to degradation of PFAS precursor compounds, FTS and FOTH, which have been shown to transform to stable PFAAs in WWTP sludge.
“The increase of PFAAs has been attributed to the degradation of the PFAS precursor compounds [32, 33], fluorotelomer sulfonoates (FTS) and fluorotelomer alcohols (FOTH), that have been shown to transform to stable PFAAs in WWTP sludge [34, 35].”
From An investigation into per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in nineteen Australian wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) (2019) · cites this paper as [35]
Cites
Sorption of Perfluorinated Surfactants on Sediments
Higgins, C. P., & Luthy, R. G. (2006) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es061000n · Cited by 1,563 · see citing works
Fluorinated Surfactants and Repellents
(2001) · Textile Research Journal · doi:10.1177/004051750107100823 · Cited by 1,376 · see citing works
EU-wide survey of polar organic persistent pollutants in European river waters
Loos, R., Gawlik, B. M., Giovanni, L., Rimaviciute, E., Serafino, C., & Bidoglio, G. (2008) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.09.020 · Cited by 1,023 · see citing works
Fluorotelomer alcohol biodegradation yields poly-and perfluorinated acids
Dinglasan, M. J. A., Ye, Y., Edwards, E. A., & Mabury, S. A. (2004) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es0350177 · Cited by 554 · see citing works
Moody, C. A., Hebert, G. N., Strauss, S. H., & Field, J. A. (2003) · Journal of Environmental Monitoring · doi:10.1039/b212497a · Cited by 388 · see citing works
Quantitative determination of fluorotelomer sulfonates in groundwater by LC MS/MS
Schultz, M. M., Barofsky, D. F., & Field, J. A. (2004) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es035031j · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Schultz, M. M., Barofsky, D. F., & Field, J. A. (2003) · Environmental Engineering Science · doi:10.1089/109287503768335959 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Rhoads, K. R., Janssen, E. M.-L., Luthy, R. G., & Criddle, C. S. (2008) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es702866c · Cited by 325 · see citing works
8-2 Fluorotelomer alcohol aerobic soil biodegradation: Pathways, metabolites, and metabolite yields
Wang, N., Szostek, B., Buck, R. C., Folsom, P. W., Sulecki, L. M., & Gannon, J. T. (2009) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.01.033 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Self-citationBiodegradation of Polyfluoroalkyl Phosphates as a Source of Perfluorinated Acids to the Environment
Lee, H., D’eon, J., & Mabury, S. A. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es9028183 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Goddard, E. D. (1971) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/0021-9797(71)90209-8 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Fluorotelomer Alcohol BiodegradationDirect Evidence that Perfluorinated Carbon Chains Breakdown
Wang, N., Szostek, B., Buck, R. C., Folsom, P. W., Sulecki, L. M., Capka, V., Berti, W. R., & Gannon, J. T. (2005) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es0506760 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Self-citationBiodegradation of Perfluorinated Compounds
Parsons, J. R., Sáez, M., Dolfing, J., & de Voogt, P. (2008) · Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-78444-1_2 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Metabolic products and pathways of fluorotelomer alcohols in isolated rat hepatocytes
Martin, J. W., Mabury, S. A., & O’Brien, P. J. (2005) · Chemico-Biological Interactions · doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2005.06.007 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
PFOS and PFOA in environmental and tap water in China
Jin, Y. H., Liu, W., Sato, I., Nakayama, S. F., Sasaki, K., Saito, N., & Tsuda, S. (2009) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.08.058 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Wang, N., Szostek, B., Folsom, P. W., Sulecki, L. M., Čápka, V., Buck, R. C., Berti, W. R., & Gannon, J. T. (2004) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es049466y · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Self-citation6-2 Fluorotelomer alcohol aerobic biodegradation in soil and mixed bacterial culture
Liu, J., Wang, N., Szostek, B., Buck, R. C., Panciroli, P. K., Folsom, P. W., Sulecki, L. M., & Bellin, C. A. (2009) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.10.044 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Self-citationDefluorination of Organofluorine Sulfur Compounds by <i>Pseudomonas</i> Sp. Strain D2
Key, B. D., Howell, R. D., & Criddle, C. S. (1998) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es9800129 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Quinete, N., Wu, Q., Zhang, T., Yun, S. H., Moreira, I., & Kannan, K. (2009) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.07.079 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Biotransformation of 8: 2 fluorotelomer alcohol in soil and by soil bacteria isolates
Liu, J., Lee, L. S., Nies, L. F., Nakatsu, C. H., & Turco, R. F. (2007) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es0708722 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Self-citationAhrens, L., Xie, Z., & Ebinghaus, R. (2009) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.11.038 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Elimination of 8-2 Fluorotelomer Alcohol in the Rat
Fasano, W. J., Carpenter, S. C., Gannon, S. A., Snow, T. A., Stadler, J. C., Kennedy, G. L., Buck, R. C., Korzeniowski, S. H., Hinderliter, P. M., & Kemper, R. A. (2006) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfj160 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Self-citationRITTER, S. K. (2010) · Chemical & Engineering News Archive · doi:10.1021/cen-v088n005.p012 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
CELEBRATING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
RITTER, S. (2010) · Chemical & Engineering News · doi:10.1021/cen-v088n041.p012 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Polyfluorinated compounds in ambient air from ship- and land-based measurements in northern Germany
Dreyer, A., & Ebinghaus, R. (2008) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.11.047 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Persistence of perfluoroalkylated substances in closed bottle tests with municipal sewage sludge
Sáez, M. R., de Voogt, P., & Parsons, J. R. (2008) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-008-0020-5 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Occurrence and assessment of perfluorinated chemicals in wild fish from Northern Germany
Schuetze, A., Heberer, T., Effkemann, S., & Juergensen, S. (2009) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.12.015 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Biodegradation and biotransformation of organofluorine compounds
Murphy, C. D. (2010) · Biotechnology Letters · doi:10.1007/s10529-009-0174-3 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Aerobic biodegradation of [14C] 6:2 fluorotelomer alcohol in a flow-through soil incubation system
Liu, J., Wang, N., Buck, R. C., Wolstenholme, B. W., Folsom, P. W., Sulecki, L. M., & Bellin, C. A. (2010) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.05.027 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Self-citationFasano, W. J., Sweeney, L. M., Mawn, M. P., Nabb, D. L., Szostek, B., Buck, R. C., & Gargas, M. L. (2009) · Chemico-Biological Interactions · doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2009.03.015 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citationOakes, K. D., Benskin, J. P., Martin, J. W., Ings, J. S., Heinrichs, J. Y., Dixon, D. G., & Servos, M. R. (2010) · Aquatic Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.02.005 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Kudo, N., Iwase, Y., Okayachi, H., Yamakawa, Y., & Kawashima, Y. (2005) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfi191 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Bock, K. J. (1971) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.19710830821 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Frömel, T., & Knepper, T. P. (2010) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.06.002 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Longstaffe, J. G., Simpson, M. J., Maas, W. E., & Simpson, A. J. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es101100s · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Screening of fluorinated materials degrading microbes
Iwai, N., Sakai, R., Tsuchida, S., Kitazume, M., & Kitazume, T. (2009) · Journal of Fluorine Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jfluchem.2009.02.004 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 37 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Buck, R. C., Franklin, J., Berger, U., Conder, J. M., Cousins, I. T., de Voogt, P., Jensen, A. A., Kannan, K., Mabury, S. A., & van Leeuwen, S. P. (2011) · Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management · doi:10.1002/ieam.258 · Cited by 4,641 · see citing works
Self-citationPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment
Evich, M. G., Davis, M. J. B., McCord, J. P., Acrey, B., Awkerman, J. A., Knappe, D. R. U., Lindstrom, A. B., Speth, T. F., Tebes-Stevens, C., Strynar, M. J., et al. (2022) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abg9065 · Cited by 2,157 · see citing works
“Although some fluorotelomers evidently transform without forming intermediate FTOHs (9, 22, 49, 59), one of the archetypal “legacy PFAS” transformation schemes involves FTOHs which are subject to (bio)transformation through numerous intermediates leading to formation of terminal PFCAs through…”
Wang, Z., Cousins, I. T., Scheringer, M., & Hungerbühler, K. (2013) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2013.08.021 · Cited by 924 · see citing works
Persistence of Perfluoroalkyl Acid Precursors in AFFF-Impacted Groundwater and Soil
Houtz, E. F., Higgins, C. P., Field, J. A., & Sedlak, D. L. (2013) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es4018877 · Cited by 849 · see citing works
Lenka, S. P., Kah, M., & Padhye, L. P. (2021) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2021.117187 · Cited by 755 · see citing works
Li, F., Duan, J., Tian, S., Ji, H., Zhu, Y., Wei, Z., & Zhao, D. (2020) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2019.122506 · Cited by 707 · see citing works
Oxidative Conversion as a Means of Detecting Precursors to Perfluoroalkyl Acids in Urban Runoff
Houtz, E. F., & Sedlak, D. L. (2012) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es302274g · Cited by 681 · see citing works
Identification of Novel Fluorochemicals in Aqueous Film-Forming Foams Used by the US Military
Place, B. J., & Field, J. A. (2012) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es301465n · Cited by 543 · see citing works
Microbial degradation of polyfluoroalkyl chemicals in the environment: A review
Liu, J., & Mejia Avendaño, S. (2013) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2013.08.022 · Cited by 525 · see citing works
Self-citationHuang, S., & Jaffé, P. R. (2019) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b04047 · Cited by 524 · see citing works
Review on the occurrence, fate and removal of perfluorinated compounds during wastewater treatment
Arvaniti, O. S., & Stasinakis, A. S. (2015) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.023 · Cited by 422 · see citing works
Anderson, R. H., Long, G. C., Porter, R. C., & Anderson, J. K. (2016) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.014 · Cited by 394 · see citing works
D’Agostino, L. A., & Mabury, S. A. (2014) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es403729e · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Houtz, E. F., Sutton, R., Park, J.-S., & Sedlak, M. (2016) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2016.02.055 · Cited by 374 · see citing works
Bolan, N., Sarkar, B., Yan, Y., Li, Q., Wijesekara, H., Kannan, K., Tsang, D. C. W., Schauerte, M., Bosch, J., Noll, H., et al. (2021) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123892 · Cited by 375 · see citing works
Biodegradation of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS): A Review
Zhang, Z., Sarkar, D., Biswas, J. K., & Datta, R. (2022) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126223 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
Biotransformation pathways of fluorotelomer-based polyfluoroalkyl substances: A review
Butt, C. M., Muir, D. C. G., & Mabury, S. A. (2013) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1002/etc.2407 · Cited by 336 · see citing works
Coggan, T. L., Moodie, D., Kolobaric, A., Szabo, D., Shimeta, J., Crosbie, N. D., Lee, E., Fernandes, M., & Clarke, B. O. (2019) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02316 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
Harding-Marjanovic, K. C., Houtz, E. F., Yi, S., Field, J. A., Sedlak, D. L., & Alvarez-Cohen, L. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b01219 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFASs): Environmental challenges
Krafft, M. P., & Riess, J. G. (2015) · Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.cocis.2015.07.004 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Berhanu, A., Mutanda, I., Taolin, J., Qaria, M. A., Yang, B., & Zhu, D. (2023) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160010 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Ruan, T., Lin, Y., Wang, T., Liu, R., & Jiang, G. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b01010 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Phong Vo, H. N., Ngo, H. H., Guo, W., Hong Nguyen, T. M., Li, J., Liang, H., Deng, L., Chen, Z., & Hang Nguyen, T. A. (2020) · Journal of Water Process Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2020.101393 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Ahrens, L., Norström, K., Viktor, T., Cousins, A. P., & Josefsson, S. (2015) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.136 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Zhang, W., Pang, S., Lin, Z., Mishra, S., Bhatt, P., & Chen, S. (2021) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115908 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
McGuire, M. E., Schaefer, C., Richards, T., Backe, W. J., Field, J. A., Houtz, E., Sedlak, D. L., Guelfo, J. L., Wunsch, A., & Higgins, C. P. (2014) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es5006187 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Shaw, D. M. J., Munoz, G., Bottos, E. M., Duy, S. V., Sauvé, S., Liu, J., & Van Hamme, J. D. (2019) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.012 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Self-citationEriksson, U., Haglund, P., & Kärrman, A. (2017) · Journal of Environmental Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jes.2017.05.004 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Cousins, I. T., Vestergren, R., Wang, Z., Scheringer, M., & McLachlan, M. S. (2016) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2016.04.044 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
De Silva, A. O., Spencer, C., Scott, B. F., Backus, S., & Muir, D. C. G. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es200135c · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Elevated levels of PFOS and PFHxS in firefighters exposed to aqueous film forming foam (AFFF)
Rotander, A., Toms, L.-M. L., Aylward, L. L., Kay, M. P., & Mueller, J. F. (2015) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2015.05.005 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Dauchy, X., Boiteux, V., Bach, C., Colin, A., Hémard, J., Rosin, C., & Munoz, J.-F. (2016) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.130 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Yin, T., Chen, H., Reinhard, M., Yi, X., He, Y., & Gin, K. Y. (2017) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.08.071 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Zhang, S., Szostek, B., McCausland, P. K., Wolstenholme, B. W., Lu, X., Wang, N., & Buck, R. C. (2013) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es4000824 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Self-citationBaduel, C., Mueller, J. F., Rotander, A., Corfield, J., & Gomez-Ramos, M.-J. (2017) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.096 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Zhang, S., Lu, X., Wang, N., & Buck, R. C. (2016) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.03.062 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Self-citationMcMahon, P. B., Tokranov, A. K., Bexfield, L. M., Lindsey, B. D., Johnson, T. D., Lombard, M. A., & Watson, E. (2022) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c04795 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Bolan, N., Sarkar, B., Vithanage, M., Singh, G., Tsang, D. C. W., Mukhopadhyay, R., Ramadass, K., Vinu, A., Sun, Y., Ramanayaka, S., et al. (2021) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106600 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Fate and transport of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the vadose zone
Sharifan, H., Bagheri, M., Wang, D., Burken, J. G., Higgins, C. P., Liang, Y., Liu, J., Schaefer, C. E., & Blotevogel, J. (2021) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145427 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Self-citationConcentration profiles of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in major sources to the environment
Dasu, K., Xia, X., Siriwardena, D., Klupinski, T. P., & Seay, B. (2022) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113879 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Gómez-Ruiz, B., Gómez-Lavín, S., Diban, N., Boiteux, V., Colin, A., Dauchy, X., & Urtiaga, A. M. (2017) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2017.04.040 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Rotander, A., Kärrman, A., Toms, L.-M. L., Kay, M., Mueller, J. F., & Gómez Ramos, M. J. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es503653n · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Weiner, B. A., Yeung, L. W. Y., Marchington, E. B., D’Agostino, L. A., & Mabury, S. A. (2013) · Environmental Chemistry · doi:10.1071/en13128 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Mejia-Avendaño, S., Vo Duy, S., Sauvé, S., & Liu, J. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b00140 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Self-citationThompson, K. A., Mortazavian, S., Gonzalez, D. J., Bott, C., Hooper, J., Schaefer, C. E., & Dickenson, E. R. V. (2022) · ACS ES&T Water · doi:10.1021/acsestwater.1c00377 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Liu, Y., Ruan, T., Lin, Y., Liu, A., Yu, M., Liu, R., Meng, M., Wang, Y., Liu, J., & Jiang, G. (2017) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b06593 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Self-citationPerfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) in northern Spain municipal solid waste landfill leachates
Fuertes, I., Gómez-Lavín, S., Elizalde, M. P., & Urtiaga, A. M. (2016) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.10.072 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Degradation of perfluorooctanyl sulfonate by strain pseudomonas plecoglossicida 2.4-D
Chetverikov, S. P., Sharipov, D. A., Korshunova, T. Y., & Loginov, O. N. (2017) · Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology · doi:10.1134/s0003683817050027 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Lang, J. R., Allred, B. M., Peaslee, G. F., Field, J. A., & Barlaz, M. A. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b06237 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Munoz, G., Labadie, P., Botta, F., Lestremau, F., Lopez, B., Geneste, E., Pardon, P., Dévier, M.-H., & Budzinski, H. (2017) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.146 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Unsaturated PFOS and Other PFASs in Human Serum and Drinking Water from an AFFF-Impacted Community
McDonough, C. A., Choyke, S. J., Barton, K. E., Mass, S., Starling, A. P., Adgate, J. L., & Higgins, C. P. (2021) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c00522 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Moe, M. K., Huber, S., Svenson, J., Hagenaars, A., Pabon, M., Trümper, M., Berger, U., Knapen, D., & Herzke, D. (2012) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.05.012 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Lee, H., & Mabury, S. A. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es200167q · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Isolation, identification, and degradation performance of a PFOA-degrading strain
Yi, L. B., Chai, L., Xie, Y., Peng, Q. J., & Peng, Q. (2016) · Genetics and Molecular Research · doi:10.4238/gmr.15028043 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
D’Agostino, L. A., & Mabury, S. A. (2017) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1002/etc.3750 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Mejia-Avendaño, S., Munoz, G., Vo Duy, S., Desrosiers, M., Benoı̂t, P., Sauvé, S., & Liu, J. (2017) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b02028 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Self-citationGuelfo, J. L., Korzeniowski, S. H., Mills, M. A., Anderson, J. K., Anderson, R. H., Arblaster, J. A., Conder, J., Cousins, I. T., Dasu, K., Henry, B. J., et al. (2021) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1002/etc.5182 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Self-citationYu, Y., Che, S., Ren, C., Jin, B., Tian, Z., Liu, J., & Men, Y. (2022) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c05509 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Self-citationOchoa‐Herrera, V., Field, J. A., Luna‐Velasco, A., & Sierra‐Álvarez, R. (2016) · Environmental Science Processes & Impacts · doi:10.1039/c6em00366d · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Lee, H., Tevlin, A. G., Mabury, S. A., & Mabury, S. A. (2013) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es403949z · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Wang, Q., Ruan, Y., Jin, L., Zhang, X., Li, J., He, Y., Wei, S., Lam, J. C. W., & Lam, P. K. S. (2021) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c06685 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
A Review: Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances—Biological Degradation
Grgas, D., Petrina, A., Štefanac, T., Bešlo, D., & Dragičević, T. L. (2023) · Toxics · doi:10.3390/toxics11050446 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Szabo, D., Coggan, T. L., Robson, T. C., Currell, M., & Clarke, B. O. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.048 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Langberg, H. A., Breedveld, G. D., Grønning, H. M., Kvennås, M., Jenssen, B. M., & Hale, S. E. (2019) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b00927 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Yang, S.-H., Shi, Y., Strynar, M., & Chu, K.-H. (2022) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127052 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Munoz, G., Desrosiers, M., Duy, S. V., Labadie, P., Budzinski, H., Liu, J., & Sauvé, S. (2017) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b05432 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Self-citationWang, N., Buck, R. C., Szostek, B., Sulecki, L. M., & Wolstenholme, B. W. (2012) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.12.056 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Self-citationCoggan, T. L., Anumol, T., Pyke, J., Shimeta, J., & Clarke, B. O. (2019) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-019-01829-8 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Allred, B. M., Lang, J. R., Barlaz, M. A., & Field, J. A. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b01040 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Chen, H., Reinhard, M., Yin, T., Nguyen, T. V., Tran, N. H., & Yew-Hoong Gin, K. (2019) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2019.02.009 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Semerád, J., Hatasová, N., Grasserová, A., Černá, T., Filipová, A., Hanč, A., Innemanová, P., Pivokonský, M., & Cajthaml, T. (2020) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128018 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Langberg, H. A., Breedveld, G. D., Slinde, G. A., Grønning, H. M., Høisæter, Å., Jartun, M., Rundberget, T., Jenssen, B. M., & Hale, S. E. (2020) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c04587 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Uptake, accumulation and metabolism of PFASs in plants and health perspectives: A critical review
Jiao, X., Shi, Q., & Gan, J. (2021) · Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/10643389.2020.1809219 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Langberg, H. A., Arp, H. P. H., Breedveld, G. D., Slinde, G. A., Høiseter, Å., Grønning, H. M., Jartun, M., Rundberget, T., Jenssen, B. M., & Hale, S. E. (2020) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116259 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Yang, X., Huang, J., Zhang, K., Yu, G., Deng, S., & Wang, B. (2014) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-013-2389-z · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Wang, P., Zhang, M., Lü, Y., Meng, J., Li, Q., & Lu, X. (2019) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.072 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Properties, occurrence, and fate of fluorotelomer sulfonates
Field, J. A., & Seow, J. (2017) · Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/10643389.2017.1326276 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in paired dust and carpets from childcare centers
Wu, Y., Romanak, K., Bruton, T., Blum, A., & Venier, M. (2020) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126771 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Abad-Fernández, N., Rodríguez-Freire, L., Keswani, M., & Sierra‐Álvarez, R. (2016) · Environmental Science Water Research & Technology · doi:10.1039/c6ew00150e · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Aerobic biotransformation of fluorotelomer compounds in landfill leachate-sediment
Hamid, H., Li, L. Y., & Grace, J. R. (2020) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136547 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Che, S., Jin, B., Liu, Z., Yu, Y., Liu, J., & Men, Y. (2021) · Environmental Science & Technology Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.1c00511 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citationLoi, E. I. H., Yeung, L. W. Y., Mabury, S. A., & Lam, P. K. S. (2013) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es303805k · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Androulakakis, A., Alygizakis, N. A., Gkotsis, G., Nika, M., Nikolopoulou, V., Bizani, E., Chadwick, E. A., Cincinelli, A., Claßen, D., Danielsson, S., et al. (2021) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131775 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Temporal trends of PFSAs, PFCAs and selected precursors in Australian serum from 2002 to 2013
Eriksson, U., Mueller, J. F., Toms, L.-M. L., Hobson, P., & Kärrman, A. (2016) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.09.036 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Ali, A., Sanden, M., Higgins, C. P., Hale, S. E., Alarif, W. M., Al-Lihaibi, S. S., Ræder, E. M., Langberg, H. A., & Kallenborn, R. (2021) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116935 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Kim, K. Y., Ndabambi, M., Choi, S., & Oh, J.-E. (2021) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2021.116830 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Ebrahimi, F., Lewis, A. J., Sales, C. M., Suri, R., & McKenzie, E. R. (2021) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129530 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Munoz, G., Duy, S. V., Labadie, P., Botta, F., Budzinski, H., Lestremau, F., Liu, J., & Sauvé, S. (2016) · Talanta · doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2016.02.021 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Self-citationYan, P.-F., Dong, S., Pennell, K. D., & Cápiro, N. L. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171883 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Simonnet-Laprade, C., Budzinski, H., Maciejewski, K., Ménach, K. L., Santos, R., Alliot, F., Goutte, A., & Labadie, P. (2019) · Environmental Science Processes & Impacts · doi:10.1039/c9em00322c · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Schaefer, C. E., Hooper, J. L., Strom, L. E., Abusallout, I., Dickenson, E. R. V., Thompson, K. A., Mohan, G. R., Drennan, D., Wu, K., & Guelfo, J. L. (2023) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2023.119724 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Biotransforming the “Forever Chemicals”: Trends and Insights from Microbiological Studies on PFAS
Skinner, J. P., Raderstorf, A., Rittmann, B. E., & Delgado, A. G. (2025) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.4c04557 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Sedlak, M. D., Benskin, J. P., Wong, A., Grace, R., & Greig, D. J. (2017) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.096 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Senevirathna, L., Krishna, K. C. B., Mahinroosta, R., & Sathasivan, A. (2021) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126941 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Eriksson, U., Roos, A. M., Lind, Y. S., Hope, K., Ekblad, A., & Kärrman, A. (2016) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2016.04.038 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Rodowa, A. E., Knappe, D. R. U., Chiang, S. D., Pohlmann, D., Varley, C., Bodour, A. A., & Field, J. A. (2020) · Environmental Science Water Research & Technology · doi:10.1039/c9ew00936a · Cited by 93 · see citing works
González, D., Thompson, K. A., Quiñones, O., Dickenson, E., & Bott, C. B. (2020) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127900 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Release of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances from Aqueous Film-Forming Foam Impacted Soils
Maizel, A. C., Shea, S., Nickerson, A., Schaefer, C. E., & Higgins, C. P. (2021) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c02871 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Tolaymat, T., Robey, N., Krause, M., Larson, J., Weitz, K., Parvathikar, S., Phelps, L., Linak, W., Burden, S., Speth, T., et al. (2023) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167185 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Hamid, H., Li, L. Y., & Grace, J. R. (2020) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113835 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wang, N., Liu, J., Buck, R. C., Korzeniowski, S. H., Wolstenholme, B. W., Folsom, P. W., & Sulecki, L. M.
- Affiliations
- DuPont (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Ning
- Venue
- Chemosphere
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-02
- Volume
- 82
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 853-858
- ISSN
- 0045-6535 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2115951227
- Cited by
- 333
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 31 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 7.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chemosphere (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Environmental Chemistry and Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Keywords
- 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate, aerobic biotransformation, activated sludge, wastewater treatment plants, perfluorinated carboxylic acids, perfluoroalkyl acids, degradation intermediates, perfluorobutanoic acid, PFPeA, perfluorohexanoic acid, fluorotelomer carboxylic acids, mass balance
- MeSH terms
- Aerobiosis, Alkanesulfonates, Bacteria, Aerobic, Biotransformation, Chromatography, Liquid, Sewage, Waste Disposal, Fluid, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Tandem Mass Spectrometry
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review