Is hippocampal remapping the physiological basis for context
Open accessAbstract
In 1980, Nadel and Wilner extended Richard Hirsh's notion that the hippocampus creates environmental representations, called “contexts,” suggesting that the fundamental structure of context was the spatial representation proposed by O'Keefe and Nadel's landmark book, The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map (1978). This book, in turn, derives from the discovery that individual hippocampal neurons act as place cells, with the complete set of place cells tiling an enclosure, forming a type of spatial map. It was found that unique environments had unique place cell representations. That is, if one takes the hippocampal map of a specific environment, this representation scrambles, or “remaps” when the animal is placed in a different environment. Several authors have speculated that “maps” and “remapping” form the physiological substrates for context and context shifting. One difficulty with this definition is that it is exclusively spatial; it can only be inferred when an animal locomotes in an enclosure. There are five aims for this article. The first is to give an historical overview of context as a variable that controls behavior. The second aim is to give an historical overview of concepts of place cell maps and remapping. The third aim is to propose an updated definition of a place cell map, based on temporal rather than spatial overlaps, which adds flexibility. The fourth aim is to address the issue of whether the biological phenomenon of hippocampal remapping, is, in fact, the substrate for shifts in the psychological phenomenon of context. The final aim is speculation of how contextual representations may contribute to effective behavior.
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When the animal's attention switches between these reference points, hippocampal cells remap.
“when the animal’s attention switches between these reference points, hippocampal cells remap (see also Kubie et al., 2020)”
From Remapping in a recurrent neural network model of navigation and context inference (2023) · cites this paper as Kubie et al., 2020
The Temporal and Spatial Properties of Hippocampal Maps section says place-cell activity can be organized by spatial frame and by attention. The Partial Remapping and Rate Remapping section reports partial remapping when floor and wall cues are put in conflict. Neither passage establishes that an animal’s switch of attention between reference points causes hippocampal cells to remap. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredRNNs identified a modular solution: the RNN dynamics converged to a particular geometry in a simple task, and the geometry and algorithmic principles from this basic task readily generalized to more complex settings.
“Importantly, we found that RNNs identified a modular solution: 32,33 the RNN dynamics converged to a particular geometry in a simple task, and the geometry and algorithmic principles from this basic task readily generalized to more complex settings.”
From Remapping in a recurrent neural network model of navigation and context inference (2023) · cites this paper as [32]
Geometric modifications are accompanied by more substantial changes in the firing patterns of place cells than are surface modifications, suggesting that HPC remapping actively supports the role of geometry in the stability of spatial representations.
“Geometric modifications are accompanied by more substantial changes in the firing patterns of place cells than are surface modifications 15,113,114 , suggesting that HPC remapping actively supports the role of geometry in the stability of spatial representations 115 .”
From From cognitive maps to spatial schemas (2023) · cites this paper as [113]
When geometric or surface features are modified, the firing patterns of HPC place cells can change in a process known as remapping.
“When geometric or surface features are modified, the firing patterns of HPC place cells can change in a process known as remapping 11,113 .”
From From cognitive maps to spatial schemas (2023) · cites this paper as [113]
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- Authors
- Kubie, J. L., Levy, E. R. J., & Fenton, A. A.
- Affiliations
- State University of New York (US)
- New York University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kubie, John L.
- Venue
- Hippocampus
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-09-30
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 851-864
- ISSN
- 1050-9631 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-1063
- PMC
- PMC7954664
- OpenAlex
- W2978632494
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 0.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Hippocampus (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Center for Scientific Review (R01AG043688, R01MH115304‐01, R01NS105472)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Spatial Cognition and Navigation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Keywords
- context, place cells, spatial representation, temporal overlap, environmental representation, cognitive maps, behavioral control
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Hippocampus, Humans, Space Perception, Spatial Navigation
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