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Cited by 420

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 62 of the 62 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Comparing two correlated C indices with right‐censored survival outcome: a one‐shot nonparametric approach

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Kang, Le, Chen, Weijie, Petrick, Nicholas A., Gallas, Brandon D.·2015·Statistics in Medicine
DOI 10.1002/sim.6370
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Abstract

The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve is often used as a summary index of the diagnostic ability in evaluating biomarkers when the clinical outcome (truth) is binary. When the clinical outcome is right‐censored survival time, the C index, motivated as an extension of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, has been proposed by Harrell as a measure of concordance between a predictive biomarker and the right‐censored survival outcome. In this work, we investigate methods for statistical comparison of two diagnostic or predictive systems, of which they could either be two biomarkers or two fixed algorithms, in terms of their C indices. We adopt a U‐statistics‐based C estimator that is asymptotically normal and develop a nonparametric analytical approach to estimate the variance of the C estimator and the covariance of two C estimators. A z‐score test is then constructed to compare the two C indices. We validate our one‐shot nonparametric method via simulation studies in terms of the type I error rate and power. We also compare our one‐shot method with resampling methods including the jackknife and the bootstrap. Simulation results show that the proposed one‐shot method provides almost unbiased variance estimations and has satisfactory type I error control and power. Finally, we illustrate the use of the proposed method with an example from the Framingham Heart Study. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Metadata

Authors
Kang, L., Chen, W., Petrick, N. A., & Gallas, B. D.
Venue
Statistics in Medicine
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2014-11-17
Volume
34
Issue
4
Pages
685-703
ISSN
  • 0277-6715 (ISSN-L)
  • 1097-0258
DOI
10.1002/sim.6370
OpenAlex
W2142457016
Cited by
420
References
62
FWCI
9.97
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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