Cited by 1,466Plant-Microbe Interactions and ImmunityPolyamine Metabolism and ApplicationsPostharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management

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A Model For the Lowering of Plant Ethylene Concentrations by Plant Growth-promoting Bacteria

Glick, Bernard R., Penrose, Donna M., Li, Jiping·1998·Journal of Theoretical Biology

DOI 10.1006/jtbi.1997.0532

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Abstract

It was previously shown that a number of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria contain an enzyme, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, that catalyses the cleavage of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, the immediate precursor of ethylene in plants. Moreover, experimental evidence indicated that the activity of this enzyme was the key factor in the ability of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria to stimulate the elongation of plant roots. In the model presented in this manuscript we address the question of how the bacterial enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, with a low affinity for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, can effectively compete with the plant enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase, which has a high affinity for the same substrate, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, with the result that the plant's endogenous ethylene concentration is reduced. It is argued that the simplest explanation for the observed biological activity of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria relates to the relative amounts of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase in the system under consideration. For plant growth promoting rhizobacteria to be able to lower plant ethylene levels, the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase level should be at least 100- to 1000-fold greater then the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase level. This is likely to be the case, provided that the expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase has not been induced.Copyright 1998 Academic Press Limited Copyright 1998 Academic Press Limited

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“Other mechanisms of the beneficial effect of microorganisms on plants are the fixation of molecular nitrogen and synthesis of substances that enhance the utilization of phosphorus and iron-containing compounds (Wang et al. 1993) and other plant nutrients ( Glick et al. 1998 ).”
Background
Azospirillum lipoferum strain AZm5 containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase improves early growth of tomato seedlings under nitrogen deficiency
Esquivel-Cote, R., Ramírez-Gama, R. M., Tsuzuki-Reyes, G., Orozco‐Segovia, A., & Huante, P. (2010) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1007/s11104-010-0499-7 · Cited by 47
“by the interruption of ethylene synthesis from ACC ( Glick et al. 1998 ).”
Background
Improving sweet corn (Zea mays L. var saccharata) growth and yield using Pseudomonas fluorescens inoculation under varied watering regimes
Zarei, T., Moradi, A., Kazemeini, S. A., Farajee, H., & Yadavi, A. (2019) · Agricultural Water Management · doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2019.105757 · Cited by 52
Growth Promotion and Flowering Induction in Mango (Mangifera indica L. cv “Ataulfo”) Trees by Burkholderia and Rhizobium Inoculation: Morphometric, Biochemical, and Molecular Events
Santos‐Villalobos, S. D. L., de Folter, S., Délano-Frier, J. P., et al. (2013) · Journal of Plant Growth Regulation · doi:10.1007/s00344-013-9329-5 · Cited by 46
Synergistic Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for Sustainable Agricultural Production
Krishnamoorthy, R., Joe, M. M., Kim, K., Lee, S.-M., Shagol, C., Anandham, R., Chung, J., Islam, M. R., & Sa, T. (2011) · 한국토양비료학회지 · doi:10.7745/kjssf.2011.44.4.637 · Cited by 47
“ACC is the precursor for ethylene synthesis in plant; bacterial ACC deaminase cleaves the ACC to ammonia and α-ketobutyrate, thereby lowering ethylene levels in plant (Glick et al., 1998).”
Background
Isolation and characterization of beneficial indigenous endophytic bacteria for plant growth promoting activity in Molelwane Farm, Mafikeng, South Africa
Ngoma, L., Esau, B., & Babalola, O. O. (2013) · AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY · doi:10.5897/ajb2013.12345 · Cited by 46
Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Salinity Stress: A Journey into the Soil
Fazeli‐Nasab, B., & Sayyed, R. Z. (2019) · Microorganisms for sustainability · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-6536-2_2 · Cited by 50
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Deaminase Enhances Agrobacterium tumefaciens -Mediated Gene Transfer into Plant Cells
Nonaka, S., Sugawara, M., Minamisawa, K., et al. (2008) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.02253-07 · Cited by 46
“ACC deaminase cleaves ACC (the immediate ethylene precursor) into -ketobutyrate and ammonia, and as a result, the ethylene level is decreased ( 4 , 12, 16).”
Background
The Growth-promoting Effect of Beijerinckia mobilis and Clostridium sp. Cultures on Some Agricultural Crops
Polyanskaya, L. M., Vedina, O., Lysak, L. V., & Zvyagintsev, D. G. (2002) · Microbiology · doi:10.1023/a:1017914803544 · Cited by 48
“Other mechanisms of the beneficial effect of microorganisms on plants are the fixation of molecular nitrogen and synthesis of substances that enhance the utilization of phosphorus- and iron-containing compounds [7] and other plant nutrients [8].”
Background
Are endophytes essential partners for plants and what are the prospects for metal phytoremediation?
Durand, A., Leglize, P., & Benizri, É. (2021) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1007/s11104-020-04820-w · Cited by 50
Biological characteristics and salt-tolerant plant growth-promoting effects of an ACC deaminase-producing Burkholderia pyrrocinia strain isolated from the tea rhizosphere
Han, L., Zhang, H., Yu, X., et al. (2021) · Archives of Microbiology · doi:10.1007/s00203-021-02204-x · Cited by 45
Soil Microbes and Sustainable Agriculture
Glick, B. R. (2018) · Pedosphere · doi:10.1016/s1002-0160(18)60020-7 · Cited by 45
Self-citation
Real time expression of ACC oxidase and PR-protein genes mediated by Methylobacterium spp. in tomato plants challenged with Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria
Yim, W., Kim, K. Y., Lee, Y., et al. (2014) · Journal of Plant Physiology · doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2014.03.009 · Cited by 45
Drought-tolerant Streptomyces pactum Act12 assist phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated soil by Amaranthus hypochondriacus: great potential application in arid/semi-arid areas
Cao, S., Wang, W., Wang, F., et al. (2016) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-016-6636-y · Cited by 44
“IAA produced by bacteria promotes plant growth directly by stimulating plant cell elongation and division (Glick et al. 1998).”
Background
Effect of endophytic Bacillus sp. from selected medicinal plants on growth promotion and diosgenin production in Trigonella foenum-graecum
Jasim, B., Geethu, P. R., Mathew, J., et al. (2015) · Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) · doi:10.1007/s11240-015-0788-1 · Cited by 44
“hormones, N2 fixation, synthesis of ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) deaminase, phosphate solubilization and indirect effects by means of production of antimicrobial metabolites or siderophores (Xie et al. 1996; Bashan 1991; Glick et al. 1998; Leong 1986).”
Background
Inside the plant: addressing bacterial endophytes in biotic stress alleviation
Pandey, P. K., Samanta, R., & Yadav, R. N. S. (2019) · Archives of Microbiology · doi:10.1007/s00203-019-01642-y · Cited by 44
Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) producing Pseudomonas isolates inhibit seed germination and α-amylase activity in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.)
Tabatabaei, S., Ehsanzadeh, P., Etesami, H., et al. (2016) · Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research · doi:10.5424/sjar/2016141-8859 · Cited by 43
“Our findings, however, agree with argument made by Glick et al. (1998).”
BackgroundResultSelf-citation
Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria: An Eco-friendly Approach for Sustainable Agroecosystem
Shaikh, S. S., Sayyed, R. Z., & Reddy, M. S. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27455-3_10 · Cited by 52
Mechanisms of Fluorescent Pseudomonads That Mediate Biological Control of Phytopathogens and Plant Growth Promotion of Crop Plants
Pathma, J., Kennedy, R. K., & Sakthivel, N. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-20332-9_4 · Cited by 43
Alleviation of Salt Stress in Legumes by Co-inoculation with Pseudomonas and Rhizobium
Egamberdieva, D., Jabborova, D., & Wirth, S. J. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-81-322-1287-4_11 · Cited by 43
“The ACC-deaminase enzyme can cleave the ethylene precursor ACC to α-ketobutyrate and ammonium and thereby lower the level of ethylene in developing or stressed plants (Glick 1995 ; Glick et al. 1998 ; Hontzeas et al. 2005 ).”
Background
Dry root rot disease, an emerging threat to citrus industry worldwide under climate change: A review
Ezrari, S., Radouane, N., Tahiri, A., Housni, Z. E., Mokrını, F., Özer, G., Lazraq, A., Belabess, Z., Amiri, S., & Lahlali, R. (2021) · Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.pmpp.2021.101753 · Cited by 41
Bacterial Endophytes in Plant Tissue Culture: Mode of Action, Detection, and Control
Quambusch, M., & Winkelmann, T. (2018) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-8594-4_4 · Cited by 42
Bacterial ACC Deaminase Activity in Promoting Plant Growth on Areas Contaminated with Heavy Metals
Grobelak, A., Kokot, P., Świątek, J., et al. (2018) · Journal of Ecological Engineering · doi:10.12911/22998993/89818 · Cited by 42
“Bacterial strains utilizing ACC as a sole source of nitrogen use ACC and enhance the elongation of plant roots (Glick et al. 1998).”
Background
Exploring the Potential and Opportunities of Current Tools for Removal of Hazardous Materials From Environments
Pandey, V. C., & Singh, V. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813912-7.00020-x · Cited by 56
Alleviation of Salinity Induced Oxidative Stress in Chenopodium quinoa by Fe Biofortification and Biochar—Endophyte Interaction
Naveed, M., Ramzan, N., Mustafa, A., Samad, A., Niamat, B., Yaseen, M., Ahmad, Z., Hasanuzzaman, M., Sun, N., Shi, W., et al. (2020) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy10020168 · Cited by 45
Targeted plant hologenome editing for plant trait enhancement
Ravanbakhsh, M., Kowalchuk, G. A., & Jousset, A. (2020) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/nph.16867 · Cited by 42
“This strain is a representative of the wide range of root-associated bacteria producing the enzyme ACC deaminase, degrading the ethylene precursor ACC and using it as a nitrogen source (Glick et al., 1998).”
Background
Adaptation to chronic drought modifies soil microbial community responses to phytohormones
Sayer, E. J., Crawford, J. A., Edgerley, J., et al. (2021) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-021-02037-w · Cited by 42
Potential of Rhizobia as Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria
Vargas, L. K., Volpiano, C. G., Lisboa, B. B., Giongo, A., Beneduzi, A., & Passaglia, L. M. P. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-59174-2_7 · Cited by 48
Endophytic Bacteria: A Biotechnological Potential in Agrobiology System
Lacava, P. T., & de Azevedo, J. L. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-37241-4_1 · Cited by 55
“Several bacterial endophytes have been reported to support plant growth by providing phytohormones, low-molecular-weight compounds, or enzymes (Lambert and Joos 1989; Frommel et al. 1991; Glick et al. 1998).”
Background
Rhizosphere Bacteria for Crop Production and Improvement of Stress Tolerance: Mechanisms of Action, Applications, and Future Prospects
Nadeem, S. M., Naveed, M., Ahmad, M., & Zahir, Z. A. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-81-322-2068-8_1 · Cited by 45
Frequent, independent transfers of a catabolic gene from bacteria to contrasted filamentous eukaryotes
Bruto, M., Prigent‐Combaret, C., Luis, P., Moënne‐Loccoz, Y., & Muller, D. A. E. (2014) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.0848 · Cited by 41
“In addition, plants are the main natural source of ACC, which may represent a significant source of carbon (a-ketoglutarate) and nitrogen (ammonia) for AcdSþ plant-associated eukaryotes [44].”
Background

Authors: Glick, B. R., Penrose, D. M., & Li, J.
Affiliations: University of Waterloo (CA)
Corresponding author: Glick, Bernard R.
ORCID: Glick, Bernard R.
Li, Jiping
Venue: Journal of Theoretical Biology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1998-01
Volume: 190
Issue: 1
Pages: 63-68
ISSN: 0022-5193 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1006/jtbi.1997.0532
OpenAlex: W1999970316
Cited by: 1,466
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 72 · 2022: 78 · 2021: 99 · 2020: 90 · 2019: 97 · 2018: 69 · 2017: 69 · 2016: 71 · 2015: 62 · 2014: 70 · 2013: 91 · 2012: 66
FWCI: 11.12
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Theoretical Biology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management
Keywords: plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, ethylene production, ACC deaminase, ACC oxidase, enzyme kinetics, enzyme competition, root elongation, enzyme expression

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A Model For the Lowering of Plant Ethylene Concentrations by Plant Growth-promoting Bacteria

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