The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 32 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Digital Twin: Mitigating Unpredictable, Undesirable Emergent Behavior in Complex Systems
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Claims the paper makes
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Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Grieves and Vickers [35] have identified two subtypes of DT, namely: Digital Twin Prototype (DTP) and Digital Twin Instance (DTI).”
From Digital Twins in the IIoT: Current Practices and Future Directions Toward Industry 5.0 (2025) · cites this paper as [35]
In the citing paper
“predictive maintenance [35]”
From Digital Twins in the IIoT: Current Practices and Future Directions Toward Industry 5.0 (2025) · cites this paper as [35]
In the citing paper
“The authors of [35] proposed the term”
From Digital Twins in the IIoT: Current Practices and Future Directions Toward Industry 5.0 (2025) · cites this paper as [35]
In the citing paper
“After the completion of a physical system, data obtained from the physical spaces is sent to the virtual space and reciprocally, used to oversee and anticipate the system's performance [35].”
From Digital Twins in the IIoT: Current Practices and Future Directions Toward Industry 5.0 (2025) · cites this paper as [35]
In the citing paper
“A Digital Twin consists of three primary components: the physical system, the virtual system, and the service system, along with Digital Twin Data that continuously connect these elements [4,100].”
From Analysis of Digital Twin Applications in Energy Efficiency: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [4]
In the citing paper
“It is important to note that Grieves' definition of Digital Twin [6] does not apply to systems that show an Evolutionary Emergence, i.e., systems that exhibit a deliberate capability to learn and modify their behavior in order to adapt to changing conditions.”
From Digital Twin in the IoT Context: A Survey on Technical Features, Scenarios, and Architectural Models (2020) · cites this paper as [6]
In the citing paper
“If a user cannot distinguish a virtual product from a physical one, under appropriate simulation conditions, then a virtual representation of the physical object could be considered a Digital Twin [6].”
From Digital Twin in the IoT Context: A Survey on Technical Features, Scenarios, and Architectural Models (2020) · cites this paper as [6]
Citations
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Metadata
- Authors
- Grieves, M., & Vickers, J.
- Affiliations
- Florida Institute of Technology (US)
- Marshall Space Flight Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Grieves, Michael
- Venue
- Transdisciplinary Perspectives on Complex Systems
- Publisher
- Springer International Publishing
- Published
- 2016-08-17
- Pages
- 85-113
- OpenAlex
- W2518003110
- Semantic Scholar
- 157d07292ffadb2c17d100f5b0471b356868ab3e
- Cited by
- 3,727
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 697 · 2025: 743 · 2024: 619 · 2023: 580 · 2022: 431 · 2021: 296 · 2020: 187 · 2019: 113 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 138.63
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Springer eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering › Digital Transformation in Industry
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Complex Systems and Decision Making
- Keywords
- digital twin, emergent behavior, complex systems, product life cycle, systems engineering, normal accidents, human interaction, front-running, NASA
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