Simulation of daytime vigilance by the additive interaction of a homeostatic and a circadian process
Abstract
The two-process model of sleep regulation postulates that a homeostatic and a circadian process underlie sleep regulation. The timing of sleep and waking is accounted for by the interaction of these two processes. The assumptions of two separate processes or of a single process resulting from their additive interaction are mathematically equivalent but conceptually different. Based on an additive interaction, subjective alertness ratings in a forced desynchrony protocol and subjective sleepiness ratings in a photoperiod experiment were simulated. The correspondence between empirical and simulated data supports the basic assumption of the model.
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The two-process model of sleep-wake regulation consists of a homeostatic process (S) and a circadian process (C) that combine to determine the timing of sleep onset and offset.
“The model consists of a homeostatic process (S) and a circadian process (C), which combine to determine the timing of sleep onset and offset.”
From Circadian rhythms, sleep deprivation, and human performance (2013) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- Achermann, P., & Borbély, A. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Zurich (CH)
- Venue
- Biological Cybernetics
- Published
- 1994-06
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 115-121
- ISSN
- 0340-1200 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0770
- OpenAlex
- W1968725550
- Cited by
- 180
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 5.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Biological Cybernetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Keywords
- homeostatic sleep drive, additive interaction, daytime vigilance, subjective alertness, subjective sleepiness, forced desynchrony, photoperiod, mathematical simulation
- MeSH terms
- Arousal, Circadian Rhythm, Cybernetics, Homeostasis, Humans, Models, Biological, Sleep, Photoperiod
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