DMSO triggers the generation of ROS leading to an increase in artemisinin and dihydroartemisinic acid in Artemisia annua shoot cultures
Open accessAbstract
The antimalarial sesquiterpene, artemisinin, is in short supply; demand is not being met, and the role of artemisinin in the plant is not well established. Prior work showed that addition of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to seedlings increased artemisinin in their shoots and this study further investigated that serendipitous observation. When in vitro-cultured Artemisia annua rooted shoots were fed different amounts of DMSO (0-2.0% v/v), artemisinin levels doubled and showed biphasic optima at 0.25 and 2.0% DMSO. Both artemisinin and its precursor, dihydroartemisinic acid, increased with the former continuing 7 days after DMSO treatment. There was no stimulation of artemisinin production in DMSO-treated unrooted shoots. The first gene in the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway, amorphadiene synthase, showed no increase in transcript level in response to DMSO compared to controls. In contrast, the second gene in the pathway, CYP71AV1, did respond to DMSO but at a level of transcripts inverse to artemisinin levels. When rooted shoots were stained for the reactive oxygen species (ROS), H2O2, ROS increased with increasing DMSO concentration; unrooted shoots produced no ROS in response to DMSO. Both the increases in DMSO-induced ROS response and corresponding artemisinin levels were inhibited by addition of vitamin C. Together these data show that at least in response to DMSO, artemisinin production and ROS increase and that when ROS is reduced, so also is artemisinin suggesting that ROS may play a role in artemisinin production in A. annua.
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Artemisinin production is affected by environmental factors like chilling stress, salinity stress, elicitation, irradiation, water stress, and soil types and humidity.
“Artemisinin production is also affected by environmental factors like chilling stress (Feng et al. 2009), salinity stress (Qureshi et al. 2005), elicitation (Mannan et al. 2010), irradiation (Wang et al. 2001), water stress (Yadav et al. 2014) and soil types and humidity (White 2008).”
From Enhancing artemisinin content in and delivery from Artemisia annua: a review of alternative, classical, and transgenic approaches (2021) · cites this paper as Mannan et al. 2010
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- Authors
- Mannan, A., Liu, C., Arsenault, P. R., Towler, M. J., Vail, D. R., Lorence, A., & Weathers, P. J.
- Affiliations
- Arkansas State University (US)
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Weathers, Pamela J.
- Venue
- Plant Cell Reports
- Published
- 2009-12-20
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 143-152
- ISSN
- 0721-7714 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-203X
- PMC
- PMC2833288
- OpenAlex
- W1973411839
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 2.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Plant Cell Reports (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Institute of Process Engineering, CAS Institutional Repository (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Funders
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R15GM069562)
- Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Sesquiterpenes and Asteraceae Studies
- Keywords
- artemisinin biosynthesis, dihydroartemisinic acid, Artemisia annua, dimethyl sulfoxide, reactive oxygen species, hydrogen peroxide, CYP71AV1, vitamin C, in vitro shoot culture
- MeSH terms
- Ascorbic Acid, Culture Media, Dimethyl Sulfoxide, RNA, Messenger, Reactive Oxygen Species, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Plant Roots, Plant Shoots, RNA, Plant, Artemisia annua, Artemisinins
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