Increased recruitment of cognitive control in the presence of traumatic stimuli in complex PTSD
Abstract
A neurocircuitry model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suggests increased amygdala responses to emotional stimuli, coupled with hypoactivation of prefrontal regions associated with cognitive control. However, results are heterogenous across different subsamples of PTSD as well as different paradigms. We investigated cognitive control in a classic and emotional Stroop task in 28 female patients with complex PTSD (cPTSD), 28 female trauma-exposed healthy controls (TCs) and 28 female non-trauma-exposed healthy controls (HCs) using functional neuroimaging. Afterwards, we assessed memory function in a spontaneous free recall and recognition task. Patients with cPTSD displayed significantly greater Stroop interference with trauma-related words (as reflected in slower reaction times and increased errors) compared to the other conditions and compared to the TC and HC groups. Moreover, patients with cPTSD showed increased activation in the context of trauma-related words in brain regions associated with cognitive control (dlPFC, vmPFC, dACC) compared to both control groups, and a trend for increased activation in the insula compared to the HC group. Increased recruitment of regions contributing to cognitive control in patients with cPTSD, together with a lack of amygdala response may point to efforts to compensate for emotional distraction caused by the trauma-related words.
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In cPTSD there is evidence of heightened dorsolateral and ventromedial PfC and anterior cingulate activation in reaction to negatively valenced emotional stimuli.
“in cPTSD there is evidence of heightened dorsolateral and ventromedial PfC and anterior cingulate activation in reaction to negatively valenced emotional stimuli [71, 168].”
From Complex PTSD and borderline personality disorder (2021) · cites this paper as [71]
Distinctions in neural patterns that have been reported between BPD and cPTSD thus are based mainly on a DESNOS formulation of cPTSD, or using severe child-abuse-related DSM-5 PTSD as a proxy for cPTSD.
“Distinctions in neural patterns that have reported between BPD and cPTSD thus are based mainly on a DESNOS formulation of cPTSD, or using severe child-abuse-related DSM-5 PTSD as a proxy for cPTSD [71].”
From Complex PTSD and borderline personality disorder (2021) · cites this paper as [71]
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- Authors
- Herzog, J. I., Niedtfeld, I., Rausch, S., Thome, J., Mueller-Engelmann, M., Steil, R., Priebe, K., Bohus, M., & Schmahl, C.
- Affiliations
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
- University of Antwerp (BE)
- Western University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Herzog, Julia I.
- ORCID
- Venue
- European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
- Published
- 2017-07-15
- Volume
- 269
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 147-159
- ISSN
- 0003-9373 (ISSN-L)
- 0940-1334
- 1433-8491
- OpenAlex
- W2734683748
- Cited by
- 40
- References
- 83
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 4.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (01KR1303A)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- complex PTSD, cognitive control, Stroop task, amygdala, prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, insula, emotional distraction, memory, female patients
- MeSH terms
- Psychological Trauma, Adult, Cerebral Cortex, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Psychomotor Performance, Mental Recall, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Recognition, Psychology, Young Adult, Executive Function, Stroop Test, Functional Neuroimaging
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