Developmental psychopathology of children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome – impact of ADHD
Abstract
Background In Tourette syndrome (TS) as a neurodevelopmental disorder not only the tics but also the comorbid conditions change with increasing age. ADHD is highly comorbid with TS and usually impairs psychosocial functioning more than the tics. Its impact on further comorbidity during development is important for clinical practice and still a matter of debate.Method Aspects of developmental psychopathology considering the impact of ADHD were examined by logistic regression (year wisely) in a cross-sectional sample of children and adolescents (n = 5060) from the TIC database.Results In TS+ADHD (compared to TS-ADHD) higher rates of comorbid conditions like OCD, anxiety disorders, CD/ODD and mood disorders were found in children (5-10 years). In adolescents (11-17 years) higher comorbidity rates in TS+ADHD remained only for CD/ODD and mood disorders. Accordingly, for OCD and anxiety disorders there was a steeper year wise increase of these comorbidities in TS-ADHD while it was a similar for CD/ODD and mood disorders in TS-ADHD as well as TS+ADHD.Conclusion Children with TS+ADHD have more comorbidities than the TS-ADHD group, whereas in both adolescent groups this did no longer hold for OCD and anxiety disorders. These findings indicate that in TS comorbid ADHD is associated with high rates of externalizing and internalizing problems, whereas TS without ADHD is associated only with internalizing problems in adolescence.
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The psychosocial functioning of ADHD + TD children is usually not worsened significantly when tic exacerbation by drugs takes place, since ADHD is commonly the more impairing disorder.
“In terms of the impact of TD, the psychosocial functioning of ADHD + TD children is usually not worsened significantly when tic exacerbation by drugs takes place, since ADHD is commonly the more impairing disorder [117, 118].”
From European guidelines on managing adverse effects of medication for ADHD (2011) · cites this paper as [117]
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- Authors
- Roessner, V., Becker, A., Banaschewski, T., Freeman, R. D., Rothenberger, A., & Tourette Syndrome International Database Consortium
- Affiliations
- University of Göttingen (DE)
- Central Institute of Mental Health (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Roessner, Veit
- Venue
- European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Published
- 2007-05-15
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- S1
- Pages
- 24-35
- ISSN
- 1018-8827 (ISSN-L)
- 1435-165X
- OpenAlex
- W2042491982
- Cited by
- 138
- References
- 91
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 7.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- GRO (submittedVersion)
- Hirsla (Landspítali University Hospital) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- Tourette syndrome, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, comorbidities, developmental psychopathology, children, adolescents, obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety disorders, conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, mood disorders, internalizing problems, externalizing problems
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Mental Disorders, Child, Child Development, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Tourette Syndrome, Humans, Male, Regression Analysis, Comorbidity, Adolescent Development
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