The DOI matches its Crossref record; 106 of the 106 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Ecological limits to terrestrial biological carbon dioxide removal
Open accessAbstract
Terrestrial biological atmospheric carbon dioxide removal (BCDR) through bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECS), afforestation/reforestation, and forest and soil management is a family of proposed climate change mitigation strategies. Very high sequestration potentials for these strategies have been reported, but there has been no systematic analysis of the potential ecological limits to and environmental impacts of implementation at the scale relevant to climate change mitigation. In this analysis, we identified site-specific aspects of land, water, nutrients, and habitat that will affect local project-scale carbon sequestration and ecological impacts. Using this framework, we estimated global-scale land and resource requirements for BCDR, implemented at a rate of 1 Pg C y −1 . We estimate that removing 1 Pg C y −1 via tropical afforestation would require at least 7 × 10 6 ha y −1 of land, 0.09 Tg y −1 of nitrogen, and 0.2 Tg y −1 of phosphorous, and would increase evapotranspiration from those lands by almost 50 %. Switchgrass BECS would require at least 2 × 10 8 ha of land (20 times U.S. area currently under bioethanol production) and 20 Tg y −1 of nitrogen (20 % of global fertilizer nitrogen production), consuming 4 × 10 12 m 3 y −1 of water. While BCDR promises some direct (climate) and ancillary (restoration, habitat protection) benefits, Pg C-scale implementation may be constrained by ecological factors, and may compromise the ultimate goals of climate change mitigation.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“By contrast, BECCS requires 400-2400 Mha land.22,24,35,36”
From The mutual dependence of negative emission technologies and energy systems (2019) · cites this paper as [36]
In the citing paper
“BECCS is highly land intensive.”
From The mutual dependence of negative emission technologies and energy systems (2019) · cites this paper as [36]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Synthesis
Assessment, M. E. (2005) · Island Press · doi:10.5281/zenodo.18167309 · Cited by 10,665
Global Biodiversity Scenarios for the Year 2100
Sala, O. E., Stuart Chapin, F., III, Armesto, J. J., Berlow, E., Bloomfield, J., Dirzo, R., Huber-Sanwald, E., Huenneke, L. F., Jackson, R. B., et al. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.287.5459.1770 · Cited by 9,280
Forests and Climate Change: Forcings, Feedbacks, and the Climate Benefits of Forests
Bonan, G. B. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1155121 · Cited by 6,572
Global Water Resources: Vulnerability from Climate Change and Population Growth
Vörösmarty, C. J., Green, P., Salisbury, J. E., & Lammers, R. B. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.289.5477.284 · Cited by 5,052
Use of U.S. Croplands for Biofuels Increases Greenhouse Gases Through Emissions from Land-Use Change
Searchinger, T., Heimlich, R., Houghton, R. A., Dong, F., Elobeid, A., Fabiosa, J., Tokgoz, S., Hayes, D., & Yu, T.-H. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1151861 · Cited by 4,888 · cited 3×
“However, land clearing can seriously affect biodiversity, ecosystem services, and carbon storage over decades or centuries, discussed by Fargione et al. (2008), Searchinger et al. (2008), and Plevin et al. (2010).”
Forecasting Agriculturally Driven Global Environmental Change
Tilman, D., Fargione, J., Wolff, B., D'Antonio, C., Dobson, A., Howarth, R., Schindler, D., Schlesinger, W. H., Simberloff, D., & Swackhamer, D. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1057544 · Cited by 3,992
Soil carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change
Lal, R. (2004) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.01.032 · Cited by 3,936
Land Clearing and the Biofuel Carbon Debt
Fargione, J., Hill, J., Tilman, D., Polasky, S., & Hawthorne, P. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1152747 · Cited by 3,902
Stabilization wedges: solving the climate problem for the next 50 years with current technologies
Pacala, S., & Socolow, R. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1100103 · Cited by 3,114
Response of mean annual evapotranspiration to vegetation changes at catchment scale
Zhang, L., Dawes, W. R., & Walker, G. R. (2001) · Water Resources Research · doi:10.1029/2000wr900325 · Cited by 2,613
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Brown S, Dushku A, Pearson T, Shoch D, Winsten J, Sweet S, Kadyszewski J (2004) Carbon supply from changes in management of forest, range, and agricultural lands of California. Winrock International for California Energy Commission 144
- De Klein C, Novoa R, Ogle S, Smith K, Rochette P, Wirth T (2006) Chapter 11: N2O emissions from managed soils, and CO2 emissions from lime and urea application. In: 2006 IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories. pp 1–25
- Kauppi P, Sedjo R, Apps M, Cerri C, Fujimori T, Janzen H, Krankina O, Makundi W, Marland G, Masera O, Nabuurs G, Razali W, Ravindranath RH (2001) Technological and economic potential of options to enhance, maintain, and manage biological carbon reservoirs and geo-engineering. In: Climate change 2001: Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp 301–343
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Carbon capture and storage (CCS): the way forward
Bui, M., Adjiman, C. S., Bardow, A., Anthony, E. J., Boston, A., Brown, S., Fennell, P. S., Fuss, S., Galindo, A., Hackett, L. A., et al. (2018) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/c7ee02342a · Cited by 4,374
Negative emissions—Part 2: Costs, potentials and side effects
Fuss, S., Lamb, W. F., Callaghan, M. W., Hilaire, J., Creutzig, F., Amann, T., Beringer, T., de Oliveira Garcia, W., Hartmann, J., Khanna, T., et al. (2018) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aabf9f · Cited by 1,525
Biophysical and economic limits to negative CO2 emissions
Smith, P., Davis, S. J., Creutzig, F., Fuss, S., Minx, J., Gabrielle, B., Kato, E., Jackson, R. B., Cowie, A., Kriegler, E., et al. (2016) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate2870 · Cited by 1,440
Bioenergy and climate change mitigation: an assessment
Creutzig, F., Ravindranath, N. H., Berndes, G., Bolwig, S., Bright, R., Cherubini, F., Chum, H., Corbera, E., Delucchi, M., Faaij, A., et al. (2015) · GCB Bioenergy · doi:10.1111/gcbb.12205 · Cited by 752
Direct air capture: process technology, techno-economic and socio-political challenges
Erans, M., Sanz-Pérez, E. S., Hanak, D. P., Clulow, Z., Reiner, D. M., & Mutch, G. A. (2022) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/d1ee03523a · Cited by 688
An inter-model assessment of the role of direct air capture in deep mitigation pathways
Realmonte, G., Drouet, L., Gambhir, A., Glynn, J. D. M., Hawkes, A. D., Köberle, A. C., & Tavoni, M. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-10842-5 · Cited by 548
Can BECCS deliver sustainable and resource efficient negative emissions?
Fajardy, M., & Mac Dowell, N. (2017) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/c7ee00465f · Cited by 392
Smith, P., Adams, J., Beerling, D. J., Beringer, T., Calvin, K. V., Fuss, S., Griscom, B., Hagemann, N., Kammann, C., Kraxner, F., et al. (2019) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-101718-033129 · Cited by 380
Land-use emissions play a critical role in land-based mitigation for Paris climate targets
Harper, A. B., Powell, T., Cox, P. M., House, J., Huntingford, C., Lenton, T. M., Sitch, S., Burke, E., Chadburn, S. E., Collins, W. J., et al. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05340-z · Cited by 335
“In comparison, a case study of switchgrass used for bioenergy at a co-fi ring facility with CCS found an accumulated loss of 52% of the harvested biomass 24,25 .”
BackgroundMethodNegative emissions—Part 3: Innovation and upscaling
Nemet, G. F., Callaghan, M. W., Creutzig, F., Fuss, S., Hartmann, J., Hilaire, J., Lamb, W. F., Minx, J. C., Rogers, S., & Smith, P. (2018) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aabff4 · Cited by 343
Biomass and carbon dioxide capture and storage: A review
Kemper, J. (2015) · International journal of greenhouse gas control · doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.06.012 · Cited by 335
Reid, W. V., Ali, M., & Field, C. B. (2019) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.14883 · Cited by 343
The Trouble with Trees: Afforestation Plans for Africa
Bond, W. J., Stevens, N., Midgley, G. F., & Lehmann, C. E. R. (2019) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.tree.2019.08.003 · Cited by 326
Global potential of biospheric carbon management for climate mitigation
Canadell, J. G., & Schulze, E. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms6282 · Cited by 244
The mutual dependence of negative emission technologies and energy systems
Creutzig, F., Breyer, C., Hilaire, J., Minx, J., Peters, G. P., & Socolow, R. (2019) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/c8ee03682a · Cited by 217
The development of carbon capture and storage (CCS) in India: A critical review
Shaw, R., & Mukherjee, S. (2022) · Carbon Capture Science & Technology · doi:10.1016/j.ccst.2022.100036 · Cited by 169
Bows‐Larkin, A., Kuriakose, J., Sharmina, M., & Anderson, K. (2017) · Climate Policy · doi:10.1080/14693062.2017.1346498 · Cited by 163
Mitigation Pathways Compatible with 1.5°C in the Context of Sustainable Development
IPCC (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009157940.004 · Cited by 203
The water footprint of carbon capture and storage technologies
Rosa, L., Sanchez, D. L., Realmonte, G., Baldocchi, D., & D’Odorico, P. (2020) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2020.110511 · Cited by 167
Rapid scale-up of negative emissions technologies: social barriers and social implications
Buck, H. J. (2016) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1007/s10584-016-1770-6 · Cited by 154
Modeling meets science and technology: an introduction to a special issue on negative emissions
Tavoni, M., & Socolow, R. H. (2013) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1007/s10584-013-0757-9 · Cited by 148
Land-based negative emissions: risks for climate mitigation and impacts on sustainable development
Dooley, K., & Kartha, S. (2017) · International Environmental Agreements Politics Law and Economics · doi:10.1007/s10784-017-9382-9 · Cited by 160
Carton, W. (2019) · Antipode · doi:10.1111/anti.12532 · Cited by 154
Potential implications of carbon dioxide removal for the sustainable development goals
Honegger, M., Michaelowa, A., & Roy, J. (2020) · Climate Policy · doi:10.1080/14693062.2020.1843388 · Cited by 147
Is carbon removal delaying emission reductions?
Carton, W., Hougaard, I., Markusson, N. O., & Lund, J. F. (2023) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change · doi:10.1002/wcc.826 · Cited by 145
Evaluating the use of biomass energy with carbon capture and storage in low emission scenarios
Vaughan, N. E., Gough, C., Mander, S., Littleton, E. W., Welfle, A., Gernaat, D. E. H. J., & van Vuuren, D. P. (2018) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aaaa02 · Cited by 114
Global rules for translating land-use change (LUH2) to land-cover change for CMIP6 using GLM2
Ma, L., HURTT, G. C., Chini, L. P., Sahajpal, R., Pongratz, J., Frolking, S., Stehfest, E., Goldewijk, K. K., O’Leary, D. S., & Doelman, J. (2020) · Geoscientific model development · doi:10.5194/gmd-13-3203-2020 · Cited by 102
Donnison, C. L., Holland, R. A., Hastings, A., Armstrong, L., Eigenbrod, F., & Taylor, G. (2020) · GCB Bioenergy · doi:10.1111/gcbb.12695 · Cited by 97
Can bioenergy with carbon capture and storage result in carbon negative steel?
Tanzer, S. E., Blok, K., & Ramírez, A. (2020) · International journal of greenhouse gas control · doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2020.103104 · Cited by 100
The influence of learning about carbon dioxide removal (CDR) on support for mitigation policies
Campbell-Árvai, V., Hart, P. S., Raimi, K. T., & Wolske, K. S. (2017) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1007/s10584-017-2005-1 · Cited by 94
Reducing the Cost of Ca-Based Direct Air Capture of CO2
Zeman, F. (2014) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es502887y · Cited by 84
Holz, C., Siegel, L. S., Johnston, E., Jones, A. P., & Sterman, J. (2018) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aac0c1 · Cited by 80
Economic and ecological views on climate change mitigation with bioenergy and negative emissions
Creutzig, F. (2016) · GCB Bioenergy · doi:10.1111/gcbb.12235 · Cited by 76
Unprecedented rates of land-use transformation in modelled climate change mitigation pathways
Turner, P., Field, C. B., Lobell, D. B., Sanchez, D. L., & Mach, K. J. (2018) · Nature Sustainability · doi:10.1038/s41893-018-0063-7 · Cited by 79
Burns, W., & Nicholson, S. (2017) · Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences · doi:10.1007/s13412-017-0445-6 · Cited by 70
Global consequences of afforestation and bioenergy cultivation on ecosystem service indicators
Krause, A., Pugh, T. A. M., Bayer, A. D., Doelman, J., Humpenöder, F., Anthoni, P. M., Olin, S., Bodirsky, B. L., Popp, A., Stehfest, E., et al. (2017) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-14-4829-2017 · Cited by 63
CO2 mitigation or removal: The optimal uses of biomass in energy system decarbonization
Patrizio, P., Fajardy, M., Bui, M., & Dowell, N. M. (2021) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2021.102765 · Cited by 56
The role of large—scale BECCS in the pursuit of the 1.5°C target: an Earth system model perspective
Muri, H. (2018) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aab324 · Cited by 56
Ecosystem maintenance energy and the need for a green EROI
Moriarty, P., & Honnery, D. (2019) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2019.05.006 · Cited by 53
Coleman, S., Dewhurst, T., Fredriksson, D. W., Gelais, A. T. S., Cole, K. L., MacNicoll, M. T., Laufer, E., & Brady, D. C. (2022) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.966304 · Cited by 52
Potentials of direct air capture and storage in a greenhouse gas-neutral European energy system
Lux, B., Schneck, N., Pfluger, B., Männer, W., & Sensfuß, F. (2022) · Energy Strategy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.esr.2022.101012 · Cited by 47
Goodwin, P., Brown, S. A., Haigh, I. D., Nicholls, R. J., & Matter, J. (2018) · Earth s Future · doi:10.1002/2017ef000732 · Cited by 47
Carbon‐dioxide Removal and Biodiversity: A Threat Identification Framework
Dooley, K., Harrould‐Kolieb, E., & Talberg, A. (2020) · Global Policy · doi:10.1111/1758-5899.12828 · Cited by 46
Modeling direct air carbon capture and storage in a 1.5 °C climate future using historical analogs
Edwards, M. R., Thomas, Z. H., Nemet, G. F., Rathod, S., Greene, J. H., Surana, K., Kennedy, K. M., Fuhrman, J., & McJeon, H. C. (2024) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2215679121 · Cited by 49
Can biomass supply meet the demands of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS)?
Jones, M. B., & Albanito, F. (2020) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.15296 · Cited by 49
Hart, P. S., Campbell-Árvai, V., Wolske, K. S., & Raimi, K. T. (2022) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2022.102656 · Cited by 43
Candidate perennial bioenergy grasses have a higher albedo than annual row crops
Miller, J. N., VanLoocke, A. D., Gomez‐Casanovas, N., & Bernacchi, C. J. (2015) · GCB Bioenergy · doi:10.1111/gcbb.12291 · Cited by 42
Recognizing the Value of Collaboration in Delivering Carbon Dioxide Removal
Fajardy, M., & Dowell, N. M. (2020) · One Earth · doi:10.1016/j.oneear.2020.07.014 · Cited by 46
Slicing the pie: how big could carbon dioxide removal be?
Psarras, P. C., Krutka, H. M., Fajardy, M., Zhang, Z., Liguori, S., Dowell, N. M., & Wilcox, J. L. (2017) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Energy and Environment · doi:10.1002/wene.253 · Cited by 47
Energy Accounting for a Renewable Energy Future
Moriarty, P., & Honnery, D. (2019) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en12224280 · Cited by 41
The Global Potential for Carbon Dioxide Removal
Lenton, T. M. (2014) · Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks · doi:10.1039/9781782621225-00052 · Cited by 43
Borchers, M., Thrän, D., Chi, Y., Dahmen, N., Dittmeyer, R., Dolch, T., Dold, C., Förster, J., Herbst, M., Heß, D., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Climate · doi:10.3389/fclim.2022.810343 · Cited by 42
Human Rights and Large-Scale Carbon Dioxide Removal: Potential Limits to BECCS and DACCS Deployment
Günther, P., & Ekardt, F. (2022) · Land · doi:10.3390/land11122153 · Cited by 48
Can bioenergy carbon capture and storage aggravate global water crisis?
Hu, B., Zhang, Y., Li, Y., Teng, Y., & Yue, W. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136856 · Cited by 36
Arnold, U., Brück, T., De Palmenaer, A., & Kuse, K. (2018) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.7b04828 · Cited by 35
Reactive nitrogen: A perspective on its global impact and prospects for its sustainable production
Razón, L. F. (2018) · Sustainable Production and Consumption · doi:10.1016/j.spc.2018.04.003 · Cited by 35
Constraints on biomass energy deployment in mitigation pathways: the case of water scarcity
Séférian, R., Rocher, M., Guivarch, C., & Colin, J. (2018) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aabcd7 · Cited by 39
Freshwater requirements of large-scale bioenergy plantations for limiting global warming to 1.5 °C
Stenzel, F., Gerten, D., Werner, C., & Jägermeyr, J. (2019) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab2b4b · Cited by 39
Krause, A., Knoke, T., & Rammig, A. (2020) · GCB Bioenergy · doi:10.1111/gcbb.12675 · Cited by 35
Arnold, U., Palmenaer, A. D., Brück, T., & Kuse, K. (2018) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.7b04841 · Cited by 33
Basuki, I. A., Adinugroho, W. C., Utomo, N. A., Syaugi, A., Tryanto, D. H., Krisnawati, H., Cook‐Patton, S. C., & Novita, N. (2022) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f13030447 · Cited by 37
Honegger, M., Derwent, H., Harrison, N., Michaelowa, A., & Schäfer, S. (2018) · Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) · doi:10.5167/uzh-159656 · Cited by 27
Bach, L. T., Vaughan, N. E., Law, C. S., & Williamson, P. C. (2024) · Elementa Science of the Anthropocene · doi:10.1525/elementa.2023.00034 · Cited by 27
CO 2 removal and 1.5 °C: what, when, where, and how?
Chiquier, S., Fajardy, M., & Dowell, N. M. (2022) · Energy Advances · doi:10.1039/d2ya00108j · Cited by 27
Smolker, R. (2019) · Development · doi:10.1057/s41301-019-00213-4 · Cited by 25
The risks of relying on tomorrow’s ‘negative emissions’ to guide today’s mitigation action
Kartha, S., & Dooley, K. (2016) · Cited by 21
Indicators and metrics for the assessment of climate engineering
Oschlies, A., Held, H., Keller, D. P., Keller, K. M., Mengis, N., Quaas, M. F., Rickels, W., & Schmidt, H. (2016) · Earth s Future · doi:10.1002/2016ef000449 · Cited by 21
Global scenarios of irrigation water abstractions for bioenergy production: a systematic review
Stenzel, F., Gerten, D., & Hanasaki, N. (2021) · Hydrology and earth system sciences · doi:10.5194/hess-25-1711-2021 · Cited by 22
Energy policy and economics under climate change
Moriarty, P., & Honnery, D. (2018) · AIMS energy · doi:10.3934/energy.2018.2.272 · Cited by 21
Migo-Sumagang, M. V., Tan, R. R., Tapia, J. F. D., & Aviso, K. B. (2022) · Cleaner Engineering and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.clet.2022.100507 · Cited by 19
A Critique of the Australian National Outlook Decoupling Strategy: A ‘Limits to Growth’ Perspective
Alexander, S., Rutherford, J., & Floyd, J. (2017) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.08.014 · Cited by 19
Climate Engineering and the Cessation Requirement: The Ethics of a Life-Cycle
Preston, C. J. (2016) · Environmental Values · doi:10.3197/096327115x14497392134964 · Cited by 18
Atmospheric feedbacks in North Africa from an irrigated, afforested Sahara
Kemena, T. P., Matthes, K., Martin, T. V., Wahl, S., & Oschlies, A. (2017) · Climate Dynamics · doi:10.1007/s00382-017-3890-8 · Cited by 18
Future Earth: declining energy use and economic output
Moriarty, P., & Honnery, D. (2014) · foresight · doi:10.1108/fs-09-2013-0050 · Cited by 18
Jackson, R. B., Canadell, J. G., Fuss, S., Milne, J., Nakićenović, N., & Tavoni, M. (2017) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aa94ff · Cited by 17
Is nitrogen fixation (once again) “vital to the progress of civilized humanity”?
Razón, L. F. (2014) · Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy · doi:10.1007/s10098-014-0835-3 · Cited by 16
The liquid carbon challenge: evolving views on transportation fuels and climate
DeCicco, J. (2014) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Energy and Environment · doi:10.1002/wene.133 · Cited by 16
Ekamby, E. S. H. L., & Mudu, P. (2022) · Urban Science · doi:10.3390/urbansci6030059 · Cited by 15
Flourishing Sustainably in the Anthropocene? Known Possibilities and Unknown Probabilities
Totten, M. P. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-409548-9.10910-8 · Cited by 18
Global ocean spatial suitability for macroalgae offshore cultivation and sinking
Alevizos, E., & Barillé, L. (2023) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1320642 · Cited by 13
Moriarty, P., & Honnery, D. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-805423-9.00001-6 · Cited by 11
Contributions of countries without a carbon neutrality target to limit global warming
Zhou, J., Li, W., Ciais, P., Gasser, T., Wang, J., Li, Z., Zhu, L., Han, M., He, J., Sun, M., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-55720-x · Cited by 10
Impacts of Irrigation and Vegetation Growth on Summer Rainfall in the Taklimakan Desert
Xu, D., & Lin, Y. (2021) · Advances in Atmospheric Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00376-021-1042-x · Cited by 10
Landry, J., & Ramankutty, N. (2015) · Land · doi:10.3390/land4010083 · Cited by 12
Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration to Achieve Paris Climate Targets
Bajaj, P., & Thakur, S. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-86290-9_13 · Cited by 9
A potential role of the negative emission of carbon dioxide in solving the climate problem
Ryaboshapko, A. G., & Revokatova, A. P. (2015) · Russian Meteorology and Hydrology · doi:10.3103/s106837391507002x · Cited by 8
P-graph and Monte Carlo simulation approach for sustainable and risk-managed CDR portfolios
Migo-Sumagang, M. V., Aviso, K. B., Tapia, J. F. D., & Tan, R. R. (2024) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2024.133228 · Cited by 7
Naef, A., Friggens, N. L., & Njeukam, P. (2025) · Communications Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43247-025-02394-y · Cited by 10
Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS)
Fajardy, M. (2022) · Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks · doi:10.1039/9781839165245-00080 · Cited by 7
Global suitability and spatial overlap of land‐based climate mitigation strategies
Beaury, E. M., Smith, J. R., & Levine, J. M. (2024) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.17515 · Cited by 8
Negative Emissions Technologies
Daggash, H. A., Fajardy, M., & Dowell, N. M. (2019) · Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks · doi:10.1039/9781788012744-00447 · Cited by 6
Should we geoengineer larger ice caps?
Haqq-Misra, J. D. (2015) · Futures · doi:10.1016/j.futures.2015.07.002 · Cited by 6
Potentials of Direct Air Capture and Storage in a Greenhouse Gas-Neutral European Energy SystemPreprint
Lux, B., Schneck, N., Pfluger, B., & Sensfuß, F. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4184163 · Cited by 6
Avargani, V. M., Maarof, H. A., Zendehboudi, S., & Imtiaz, S. A. (2026) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c06651 · Cited by 5
A critical overview of green finance
Dziwok, E., & Jäger, J. (2024) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781803927558.00008 · Cited by 5
Jayakrishnan, K. U., Bala, G., & Caldeira, K. (2024) · Earth s Future · doi:10.1029/2024ef004891 · Cited by 5
Bioenergy: Challenges Ahead and Future
Kaur, S., Sarao, L. K., Ankita, A., & Singh, H. (2023) · Clean Energy Production Technologies · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-6230-1_9 · Cited by 5
What are we aiming for? Addressing the knowledge gap of a long-term sustainable society
Higgs, T. (2024) · Environmental Science & Policy · doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2024.103895 · Cited by 4
Chakrabarti, B., Jagadale, S., Bherwani, H., & Biniwale, R. B. (2024) · Environmental footprints and eco-design of products and processes · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-70262-4_10 · Cited by 4
Bargaining powers in cooperative Carbon Dioxide Removal deployment
Schippers, E. J., Chiquier, S., Massol, O., Lowing, D., & Dowell, N. M. (2025) · Climate Policy · doi:10.1080/14693062.2024.2445167 · Cited by 5
Metadata
- Authors
- Smith, L. J., & Torn, M. S.
- Affiliations
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- Corresponding author
- Torn, Margaret S.
- ORCID
- Torn, Margaret S.
- Venue
- Climatic Change
- Published
- 2013-02-06
- Volume
- 118
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 89-103
- ISSN
- 0165-0009 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-1480
- OpenAlex
- W2081128850
- Cited by
- 118
- References
- 106
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 5.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Climatic Change (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy (-AC02-05CH11231, Contract No. DE-AC02-05-CH11231, 05CH11231, No. DE-AC02-05-CH11231, DE AC02 05CH11231, DE-AC02-)
- Office of Science (No. DE-AC02- 05-CH11231, DEAC02–05CH11231, AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC02, 05CH11231, Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231)
- Biological and Environmental Research (05CH11231, No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC02 − 05CH11231, Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, AC02-05CH11231)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Forestry › Forest Management and Policy
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Keywords
- bioenergy with carbon capture and storage, afforestation, switchgrass, nitrogen fertilization, phosphorus utilization, water consumption, evapotranspiration, land requirements, soil carbon sequestration, ecological limits, climate change mitigation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
