What is emotion?

Cabanac, Michel

doi:10.1016/s0376-6357(02)00078-5

Cited by 652Philosophy and Theoretical ScienceNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesEmotions and Moral Behavior

What is emotion?

Cabanac, Michel·2002·Behavioural Processes

DOI 10.1016/s0376-6357(02)00078-5

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Abstract

There is no consensus in the literature on a definition of emotion. The term is taken for granted in itself and, most often, emotion is defined with reference to a list: anger, disgust, fear, joy, sadness, and surprise. This article expands on a thesis that motivational states can be compared to each other by means of a common currency (Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. 270 (1975) 265-293). I have previously argued that this common currency is pleasure. Such a conclusion is based not on introspective intuition, as with early pre-scientific psychology (), but on experimental methods. As a follow-up to a definition of consciousness (Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 20 (1996) 33-40) as a four-dimensional experience (quality, intensity, hedonicity, and duration), I propose here that emotion is any mental experience with high intensity and high hedonic content (pleasure/displeasure).

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“Facial expressions are included in most of the emotional demonstrations, and are the characteristics which present the strongest impact when inferring the emotional state of a human.”
From Multimodal emotional state recognition using sequence-dependent deep hierarchical features (2015) · cites this paper as Cabanac (2002)

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Authors: Cabanac, M.
Affiliations: Université Laval (CA)
Corresponding author: Cabanac, Michel
Venue: Behavioural Processes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2002-11
Volume: 60
Issue: 2
Pages: 69-83
ISSN: 0376-6357 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0376-6357(02)00078-5
OpenAlex: W2025296793
Cited by: 652
References: 100
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 59 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 31
FWCI: 10.08
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Behavioural Processes (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Philosophy and Theoretical Science
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
Keywords: emotions, definition of emotion, motivational states, pleasure, emotional intensity, consciousness

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