Students’ perceptions about the opportunities and challenges of ChatGPT in higher education: a cross-sectional survey based in China
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The development of critical thinking is gaining traction as a complementary skill to help students evaluate AI outputs and question their applicability.
“the development of critical thinking is gaining traction as a complementary skill, helping students to evaluate AI outputs and question their applicability (Cao et al., 2025; Cowling et al., 2023; Fitzek & B â rg ă oanu, 2025; Malik et al., 2023).”
From Six Institutional Intervention Areas to Support Ethical and Effective Student Use of Generative AI in Higher Education: A Narrative Review (2026) · cites this paper as Cao et al., 2025
Cites
Chatting and cheating: Ensuring academic integrity in the era of ChatGPT
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“Currently, the research and implementation of ChatGPT have become a prominent and hotly discussed topic in the field of higher education (Chan & Hu, 2023; Rawas, 2023; Wardat et al., 2023).”
Students’ voices on generative AI: perceptions, benefits, and challenges in higher education
Chan, C. K. Y., & Hu, W. (2023) · International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education · doi:10.1186/s41239-023-00411-8 · Cited by 2,301 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Currently, the research and implementation of ChatGPT have become a prominent and hotly discussed topic in the field of higher education (Chan & Hu, 2023; Rawas, 2023; Wardat et al., 2023).”
ChatGPT: five priorities for research
van Dis, E. A. M., Bollen, J., Zuidema, W., van Rooij, R., & Bockting, C. L. (2023) · Nature · doi:10.1038/d41586-023-00288-7 · Cited by 1,842 · cited 1× · see citing works
“This will not only accelerate innovation, but may lead to new breakthroughs across disciplines (Van Dis et al., 2023).”
ChatGPT is fun, but not an author
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“This poses a challenge to educators and researchers (Cotton et al., 2024; Dehouche, 2021; Gao et al., 2022).”
Gao, C. A., Howard, F. M., Markov, N. S., Dyer, E. C., Ramesh, S., Luo, Y., & Pearson, A. T. (2023) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-023-00819-6 · Cited by 1,099 · see citing works
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“Although the potential benefits of ChatGPT for intelligent education are enor - mous, several studies have found that ChatGPT could affect college students’ high-level cognitive abilities and academic integrity (Farrokhnia et al., 2023; Grassini, 2023; Jarrah et al., 2023).”
ChatGPT User Experience: Implications for Education
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“Studies have shown that ChatGPT can help researchers write a coherent, accurate, informative, and systematic paper efficiently (Zhai, 2022).”
ChatGPT listed as author on research papers: many scientists disapprove
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“A potential key factor is the attitude of college students toward ChatGPT (Strzelecki, 2023).”
Exploring the potential of using an AI language model for automated essay scoring
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- Authors
- Cao, X., Lin, Y.-J., Zhang, J.-H., Tang, Y.-P., Zhang, M.-P., & Gao, H.-Y.
- Affiliations
- Chengdu Medical College (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Cao, Xi
- Gao, Hao-Yue
- Venue
- Education and Information Technologies
- Published
- 2025-01-10
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 12345-12364
- ISSN
- 1360-2357 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-7608
- OpenAlex
- W4406250025
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 8
- FWCI
- 14.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Education and Information Technologies (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Chengdu Medical College undergraduate education and teaching reform research project in 2022 (JG2022010)
- Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan Applied Psychology Research Center (CSXL-22212)
- Chengdu Medical College-the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College Joint Fund Project (2022LHFSSYB-06)
- Sichuan Medical Law Research Center 2022 Scientific Research Project (YF23-Q15)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Artificial Intelligence in Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › AI in Service Interactions
- Keywords
- ChatGPT, generative AI, student perceptions, higher education, artificial intelligence in education, ethical risks of AI, AI accuracy, career development, personalized learning, Chinese university students
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