A glance at the chemodiversity of Ocimum species: Trends, implications, and strategies for the quality and yield improvement of essential oil

Gurav, Tanuja P.; Dholakia, Bhushan B.; Giri, Ashok P.

doi:10.1007/s11101-021-09767-z

Cited by 87Essential Oils and Antimicrobial ActivityPlant biochemistry and biosynthesisPhytochemicals and Medicinal Plants

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A glance at the chemodiversity of Ocimum species: Trends, implications, and strategies for the quality and yield improvement of essential oil

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Gurav, Tanuja P., Dholakia, Bhushan B., Giri, Ashok P.·2022·Phytochemistry Reviews

DOI 10.1007/s11101-021-09767-zPMC PMC8326315

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Abstract

Ocimum species represent commercially important medicinal and aromatic plants. The essential oil biosynthesized by Ocimum species is enriched with specialized metabolites specifically, terpenoids and phenylpropanoids. Interestingly, various Ocimum species are known to exhibit diverse chemical profiles, and this chemical diversity has been at the center of many studies to identify commercially important chemotypes. Here, we present various chemotypes from the Ocimum species and emphasize trends, implications, and strategies for the quality and yield improvement of essential oil. Globally, many Ocimum species have been analyzed for their essential oil composition in over 50 countries. Asia represents the highest number of chemotypes, followed by Africa, South America, and Europe. Ocimum basilicum L. has been the most widespread and well-studied species, followed by O. gratissimum L., O. tenuiflorum L., O. canum Sims, O. americanum and O. kilimandscharicum Gürke. Moreover, various molecular reasons, benefits, adverse health effects and mechanisms behind this vast chemodiversity have been discussed. Different strategies of plant breeding, metabolic engineering, transgenic, and tissue-culture, along with anatomical modifications, are surveyed to enhance specific chemotypic profiles and essential oil yield in numerous Ocimum species. Consequently, chemical characterization of the essential oil obtained from Ocimum species has become indispensable for its proper utilization. The present chemodiversity knowledge from Ocimum species will help to exploit various applications in the industrial, agriculture, biopharmaceutical, and food sectors.Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11101-021-09767-z.

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Ocimum × africanum essential oil is characterized by estragole or methyl chavicol, linalool, and citral (neral and geranial) rich chemotypes.
“Ocimum × africanum essential oil is characterized by estragole or methyl chavicol, linalool, citral (neral and geranial) rich chemotypes (Raina and Misra, 2017; Gurav et al., 2021; Janesha et al., 2018; Pisutthanan and Pisutthanan, 2009).”
From Vibrational spectroscopic methods for the identification and distinction of essential oils in genus Ocimum L.: A chemometric approach (2022) · cites this paper as Gurav et al., 2021
The ‘Chemotypes reported from various Ocimum species and their hybrids’ section reports citral-rich oil containing geranial and neral from O. citriodorum, and lists methyl chavicol/linalool and other relevant chemotypes for O. americanum. It mentions O. africanum but does not specify these chemotypes for it or identify it with either of those named taxa. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Classification based on volatile oil composition requires distillation and fractionation of oils, and chemotype classification based on only one major volatile oil is erroneous because one plant may contain two or more chemical compounds in nearly equal amounts.
“Furthermore, classification based on volatile oil composition requires the distillation and fractionation of oils, and the chemotype classification based on only one major volatile oil is erroneous as one plant may contain two or more chemical compounds in nearly equal amounts [15,20,21].”
From Comprehensive Metabolomic Fingerprinting Combined with Chemometrics Identifies Species- and Variety-Specific Variation of Medicinal Herbs: An Ocimum Study (2023) · cites this paper as [21]
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A significant number of studies have been devoted to describing Ocimum essential oils, but relatively few studies have been devoted to Ocimum leaves because there is a lack of a comprehensive and rapid fingerprinting approach.
“A significant number of studies have been devoted to describing Ocimum essential oils [21,29,30], but relatively few studies have been devoted to Ocimum leaves as there is a lack of a comprehensive and rapid fingerprinting approach [16,31,32].”
From Comprehensive Metabolomic Fingerprinting Combined with Chemometrics Identifies Species- and Variety-Specific Variation of Medicinal Herbs: An Ocimum Study (2023) · cites this paper as [21]
Citral, linalool, and methyl chavicol are the three major essential oil components of O. × africanum.
“On the basis of previous studies, it has been found that citral, linalool and methyl chavicol are the three major essential oil components of Ocimum × africanum (Raina and Misra, 2017; Gurav et al., 2021; Janesha et al., 2018; Pisutthanan and Pisutthanan, 2009).”
From Vibrational spectroscopic methods for the identification and distinction of essential oils in genus Ocimum L.: A chemometric approach (2022) · cites this paper as Gurav et al., 2021
In “Chemotypes reported from various Ocimum species and their hybrids” (page unavailable), our copy names O. africanum among species whose chemotypes are listed in supplementary tables, but does not state which compounds predominate in its oil. Searches for O. africanum with citral, linalool, and methyl chavicol found those compounds discussed for other Ocimum species or hybrids, not the claimed three-component profile for O. × africanum. (LLM, conf=0.70)
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Evaluation of the mutagenic potential and acute oral toxicity of standardized extract of Ocimum sanctum (OciBest™)
Chandrasekaran, C. V., Srikanth, H. S., Mayachari, A. S., Allan, J. J., Viji, M. M. H., & Amit, A. (2013) · Human & Experimental Toxicology · doi:10.1177/0960327112472992 · Cited by 30
Developmental Regulation of Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis in Leaves and Glandular Trichomes of Basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.)
Deschamps, C., Gang, D. R., Dudareva, N., & Simon, J. E. (2006) · International Journal of Plant Sciences · doi:10.1086/500987 · Cited by 30
Production of rosmarinic acid and correlated gene expression in hairy root cultures of green and purple basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.)
Kwon, D. Y., Kim, Y. B., Kim, J. K., & Park, S. U. (2020) · Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology · doi:10.1080/10826068.2020.1789990 · Cited by 30
Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils ofOcimum basilicum,Ocimum canumandOcimum gratissimumin Function of Harvesting Time
Mith, H., Yayi-Ladekan, E., Kpoviessi, S. D. S., Bokossa, I. Y., Moudachirou, M., Daube, G., & Clinquart, A. (2016) · Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants · doi:10.1080/0972060x.2014.890076 · Cited by 29
Selection of superior Ocimum sanctum L. accessions for industrial application
Saran, P. L., Tripathy, V., Saha, A., Kalariya, K. A., Suthar, M. K., & Kumar, J. (2017) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.07.028 · Cited by 29
Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) seeds engender a smart material for intelligent drug delivery: On-Off switching and real-time swelling, in vivo transit detection, and mechanistic studies
Lodhi, B. A., Hussain, M. A., Ashraf, M. U., Haseeb, M. T., Muhammad, G., Farid-ul-Haq, M., & Hassan, M. N. U. (2020) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112780 · Cited by 29
Phytoremediation of soil co-contaminated with zinc and crude oil using Ocimum gratissimum (L.) in association with Pseudomonas putida MU02
Choden, D., Pokethitiyook, P., Poolpak, T., & Kruatrachue, M. (2020) · International Journal of Phytoremediation · doi:10.1080/15226514.2020.1803205 · Cited by 27
Oleanolic Acid, Ursolic Acid and Apigenin from Ocimum basilicum as Potential Inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: A Molecular Docking Study
Matondo, A. P., Kilembe, J. T., Ngoyi, E. M., Kabengele, C. N., Kasiama, G. N., Lengbiye, E. M., Mbadiko, C. M., Inkoto, C. L., Bongo, G. N., Gbolo, B. Z., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Pathogen Research · doi:10.9734/ijpr/2021/v6i230156 · Cited by 27
Regulation of Floral Terpenoid Emission and Biosynthesis in Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum)
Jiang, Y., Ye, J., Li, S., & Niinemets, Ü. (2016) · Journal of Plant Growth Regulation · doi:10.1007/s00344-016-9591-4 · Cited by 25
Toxicity Studies of the Crude Aqueous Leaves Extracts of Ocimum gratissimum in Albino Rats
Ojo, O. A. (2013) · IOSR Journal of Environmental Science Toxicology and Food Technology · doi:10.9790/2402-0643439 · Cited by 25
Delineation of Ocimum gratissimum L. complex combining morphological, molecular and essential oils analysis
Kumar, A., Mishra, P. P., Rodrigues, V., Baskaran, K., Verma, R. S., Padalia, R. C., & Sundaresan, V. (2019) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111536 · Cited by 25
Elicitation of Phenylpropanoids and Expression Analysis of PAL Gene in Suspension Cell Culture of Ocimum tenuiflorum L.
Vyas, P., & Mukhopadhyay, K. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences India Section B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s40011-017-0858-8 · Cited by 24
Functions of Plant Infochemicals in Tritrophic Interactions between Plants, Herbivores and Carnivorous Natural Enemies.
Shiojiri, K., Maeda, T., Arimura, G., Ozawa, R., Shimoda, T., & Takabayashi, J. (2002) · Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology · doi:10.1303/jjaez.2002.117 · Cited by 23
In vitroantifungal activity of Ocimum selloi essential oil and methylchavicol against phytopathogenic fungi
Costa, L. C. B., Pinto, J. E. B. P., Bertolucci, S. K. V., Costa, J. C. D. B., Alves, P. B., & Niculau, E. D. S. (2015) · Ciência Agronômica/Revista ciência agronômica · doi:10.5935/1806-6690.20150023 · Cited by 22
Essential Oil Composition of the Aerial Parts of FiveOcimumspecies from Western India
Rana, V. S., & Blázquez, M. A. (2015) · Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants · doi:10.1080/0972060x.2014.931255 · Cited by 22
Comparative analysis of supercritical CO2extracts and essential oils from anOcimum basilicumchemotype particularly rich in T-cadinol
Occhipinti, A., Capuzzo, A., Bossi, S., Milanesi, C., & Maffei, M. E. (2013) · Journal of Essential Oil Research · doi:10.1080/10412905.2013.775083 · Cited by 21
Functional characterization and transient expression manipulation of a new sesquiterpene synthase involved in β-caryophyllene accumulation in Ocimum
Jayaramaiah, R. H., Anand, A., Beedkar, S. D., Dholakia, B. B., Punekar, S. A., Kalunke, R. M., Gade, W., Thulasiram, H. V., & Giri, A. P. (2016) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.090 · Cited by 21
Self-citation
In vitro flowering, glandular trichomes ultrastructure, and essential oil accumulation in micropropagated Ocimum basilicum L.
Manan, A. A., Taha, R. M., Mubarak, E. E., & Elias, H. (2016) · In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant · doi:10.1007/s11627-016-9755-8 · Cited by 21
Variation in essential oil composition ofOcimum americanumL. from north-western Himalayan region
Singh, S., Tewari, G., Pande, C., & SINGH, C. M. (2013) · Journal of Essential Oil Research · doi:10.1080/10412905.2013.775079 · Cited by 20
Chemotypic characterization of diversity in essential oil composition of Ocimum species and varieties from India
Raina, A. P., & Gupta, V. (2018) · Journal of Essential Oil Research · doi:10.1080/10412905.2018.1495109 · Cited by 20
Functional insights into two Ocimum kilimandscharicum 4-coumarate-CoA ligases involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis
Lavhale, S. G., Joshi, R. S., Kumar, Y., & Giri, A. P. (2021) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.129 · Cited by 20
Self-citation
Variation in Volatiles of Ocimum campechianum Mill. and Ocimum gratissimum L. Cultivated in the North of Brazil
Zoghbi, M. D. G. B., Oliveira, J., Andrade, E. H. A., Trigo, J. R., Fonseca, R. C. M., & Rocha, A. E. S. (2007) · Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants · doi:10.1080/0972060x.2007.10643547 · Cited by 19
Efficacy of Ocimum tenuiflorum essential oil as grain protectant against coleopteran beetle, infesting stored pulses
Bhavya, M. L., Obulaxmi, S., & Devi, S. S. (2020) · Journal of Food Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s13197-020-04871-y · Cited by 19
Induction of stress volatiles and changes in essential oil content and composition upon microwave exposure in the aromatic plant Ocimum basilicum
Lung, I., Soran, M.-L., Opriș, O., Truşcă, M. R. C., Niinemets, Ü., & Copolovici, L. O. (2016) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.147 · Cited by 18
Advanced genome editing strategies for manipulation of plant specialized metabolites pertaining to biofortification
Bhambhani, S., Kondhare, K. R., & Giri, A. P. (2021) · Phytochemistry Reviews · doi:10.1007/s11101-021-09749-1 · Cited by 18
Self-citation
The Impact of Hybridization on the Volatile and Sensorial Profile ofOcimum basilicumL.
da Costa, A. S., Arrigoni-Blank, M. D. F., da Silva, M. A. A. P., Alves, M. F., Santos, D. D. A., Alves, P. B., & Blank, A. F. (2014) · The Scientific World JOURNAL · doi:10.1155/2014/824594 · Cited by 17
Biosynthesis and tissue-specific partitioning of camphor and eugenol in Ocimum kilimandscharicum
Singh, P. A., Kalunke, R. M., Shukla, A., Tzfadia, O., Thulasiram, H. V., & Giri, A. P. (2020) · Phytochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112451 · Cited by 17
Self-citation
Ethnopharmacological uses, biological activities, chemistry and toxicological aspects of Ocimum americanum var. americanum (Lamiaceae)
Ali, H. M., Nguta, J. M., Ole-Mapenay, I. M., Musila, F. M., Vincent, O. M., & Matara, D. N. (2021) · The Journal of Phytopharmacology · doi:10.31254/phyto.2021.10111 · Cited by 16
The complete chloroplast genome of Ocimum gratissimum from India – a medicinal plant in the Lamiaceae
Balaji, R., Ravichandiran, K., Tanuja, T., & Parani, M. (2021) · Mitochondrial DNA Part B · doi:10.1080/23802359.2021.1889413 · Cited by 16
Genetic Analysis of Some Chemotypes in Ocimum basilicum var. glabratum
Gupta, S. C. (1994) · Plant Breeding · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1994.tb00661.x · Cited by 15
Variability in essential oil composition produced by micropropagated (in vitro), acclimated (ex vitro) and in-field plants of Ocimum basilicum (Lamiaceae)
Amaral‐Baroli, A., Lago, J. H. G., de Almeida, C. V., de Almeida, M., Scotti, L., Leone, G. F., Soares, M. G., Cavalari, A. A., & Sartorelli, P. (2016) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.03.048 · Cited by 15
Spectral and chemometric analyses reveal antioxidant properties of essential oils from four Cameroonian Ocimum
Fokou, J. B. H., Jazet, P. M. D., Lazar, G. O., Răducanu, D., Caraman, I. M., Bassene, E., Boyom, F. F., & Lazăr, I. (2015) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.09.077 · Cited by 14
Diurnal variations in aroma profile of Ocimum basilicum L.,O. gratissimum L., O. americanum L., and O. kilimandscharicum Guerke
Padalia, R. C., Verma, R. S., & Chauhan, A. (2017) · Journal of Essential Oil Research · doi:10.1080/10412905.2016.1216898 · Cited by 14
Profiling of Essential Oil Constituents in Ocimum Species
Maurya, S., & Sangwan, N. S. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences India Section B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s40011-019-01123-8 · Cited by 14
Elicitor induced increased rosmarinic acid content of in vitro root cultures of Ocimum basilicum L. (Sweet Basil)
Biswas, T. (2020) · Plant Science Today · doi:10.14719/pst.2020.7.2.690 · Cited by 14
Generation of novelties in the genus Ocimum as a result of natural hybridization: A morphological, genetical and chemical appraisal
Gurav, T. P., Jayaramaiah, R. H., Punekar, S. A., Dholakia, B. B., & Giri, A. P. (2020) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112859 · Cited by 14
Self-citation
Manufacturing and characterization of craft beers with leaves from Ocimum selloi Benth
Piva, R. C., Verdan, M. H., Santos, M. D. S. M., Batistote, M., & Cardoso, C. A. L. (2021) · Journal of Food Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s13197-020-04925-1 · Cited by 14
Terpene profiling, transcriptome analysis and characterization of cis-β-terpineol synthase from Ocimum
Anand, A., Jayaramaiah, R. H., Beedkar, S. D., Dholakia, B. B., Lavhale, S. G., Punekar, S. A., Gade, W., Thulasiram, H. V., & Giri, A. P. (2018) · Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants · doi:10.1007/s12298-018-0612-6 · Cited by 13
Self-citation
Comparative transcriptome analysis to identify putative genes related to trichome development in Ocimum species
Chandra, M., Kushwaha, S., & Sangwan, N. S. (2020) · Molecular Biology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11033-020-05710-1 · Cited by 12

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Plant Essential Oils as Healthy Functional Ingredients of Nutraceuticals and Diet Supplements: A Review
Matera, R., Lucchi, E., & Valgimigli, L. (2023) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules28020901 · Cited by 93
An Update on the Therapeutic Anticancer Potential of Ocimum sanctum L.: “Elixir of Life”
Hasan, M. R., Alotaibi, B. S., Althafar, Z. M., Mujamammi, A. H., & Jameela, J. (2023) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules28031193 · Cited by 72
Food flavor enhancement, preservation, and bio-functionality of ginger ( Zingiber officinale ): a review
Ersedo, T. L., Teka, T. A., Forsido, S. F., Dessalegn, E., Adebo, J. A., Tamiru, M., & Astatkie, T. (2023) · International Journal of Food Properties · doi:10.1080/10942912.2023.2194576 · Cited by 67
Comprehensive Metabolomic Fingerprinting Combined with Chemometrics Identifies Species- and Variety-Specific Variation of Medicinal Herbs: An Ocimum Study
Rai, A. K., Khan, S., Kumar, A., Dubey, B. K., Lal, R. K., Tiwari, A., Trivedi, P. K., Elliott, C. T., & Ch, R. (2023) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo13010122 · Cited by 33
“A significant number of studies have been devoted to describing Ocimum essential oils [21,29,30], but relatively few studies have been devoted to Ocimum leaves as there is a lack of a comprehensive and rapid fingerprinting approach [16,31,32].”
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Post-Distillation By-Products of Aromatic Plants from Lamiaceae Family as Rich Sources of Antioxidants and Enzyme Inhibitors
Luca, S. V., Zengin, G., Sinan, K. I., Skalicka‐Woźniak, K., & Trifan, A. (2023) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox12010210 · Cited by 31
Essential Oils of Ocimum basilicum L. and Ocimum americanum L. from Djibouti: Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxicity Evaluations
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Physio-morphological trait and bioactive constituents of Ocimum species under drought stress
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Phenotypic Variations and Bioactive Constituents among Selected Ocimum Species
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Convective Drying of Purple Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Leaves and Stability of Chlorophyll and Phenolic Compounds during the Process
Chaves, R. P. F., de Araújo, A. L., Lopes, A. S., & Pena, R. D. S. (2022) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants12010127 · Cited by 23
Advancing lodging resistance in maize: Integrating genetic, hormonal, and agronomic insights for sustainable crop productivity
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Differential fumigant and contact biotoxicities of biorational essential oil of Indian sweet basil and its active constituent against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis
Bincy, K., Remesh, A. V., Prabhakar, P. R., & Babu, C. S. V. (2022) · Food Bioscience · doi:10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102283 · Cited by 22
Essential Oils from Colombian Plants: Antiviral Potential against Dengue Virus Based on Chemical Composition, In Vitro and In Silico Analyses
Silva-Trujillo, L., Quintero-Rueda, E., Stashenko, E. E., Conde‐Ocazionez, S., Rondón-Villarreal, P., & Ocazionez, R. E. (2022) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules27206844 · Cited by 26
Enhancing growth, vitality, and aromatic richness: unveiling the dual magic of silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles in Ocimum tenuiflorum L.
Bhat, U. H., Uddin, M., Chishti, A. S., Singh, S., Singh, S., Khan, M. M. A., & Mukarram, M. (2024) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2024.1335965 · Cited by 19
Polyphenols and terpenoids derived from Ocimum species as prospective hepatoprotective drug leads: a comprehensive mechanistic review
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Vibrational spectroscopic methods for the identification and distinction of essential oils in genus Ocimum L.: A chemometric approach
Tyagi, A., Yadav, A. K., Yadav, A., Saini, L., Kumar, V., Jain, P., Mohammad, I., Ansari, M. J., El Enshasy, H. A., Abdel-Gawad, F. K., et al. (2022) · Journal of King Saud University: Science · doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2022.102355 · Cited by 17
Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Effects of Essential Oils Extracted from Two New Ocimum basilicum L. Varieties
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Insights into elicitor’s role in augmenting secondary metabolites production and climate resilience in genus Ocimum – A globally important medicinal and aromatic crop
Rani, A., Guleria, M., Sharma, Y. P., Sharma, S., Chaudhary, A., Sharma, S., & Kumar, P. (2023) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.117078 · Cited by 16
Influence of Genetics on the Secondary Metabolites of Plants
Jadaun, J. S., Yadav, R., Yadav, N., Bansal, S., & Sangwan, N. S. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-18587-8_12 · Cited by 16
Ocimum gratissimum L. and Ocimum sanctum L.: Comparative compositional analysis of essential oils and in-vitro biological activities with in-silico PASS prediction and ADME/Tox studies
Tomar, H., Rawat, A., Nagarkoti, K., Prakash, O., Kumar, R., Srivastava, R. M., Rawat, S., & Rawat, D. S. (2023) · South African Journal of Botany · doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2023.04.014 · Cited by 15
Ocimum kilimandscharicum 4CL11 negatively regulates adventitious root development via accumulation of flavonoid glycosides
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Phytochemical Diversity and Biological Activity of Basil (Ocimum L.) Secondary Metabolites Produced In Vitro
Jakovljević, D. Z., Skrzypek, E., Stanković, M. S., & Warchoł, M. (2023) · Food bioactive ingredients · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-35221-8_16 · Cited by 12
Biological activities of basil essential oil: a review of the current evidence
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Insights into the chemical composition of Ocimum forskaolii and O. americanum essential oils and their phytotoxicity
Abd‐ElGawad, A. M., Al‐Namazi, A. A., Assaeed, A. M., Al‐Huqail, A. A., Dar, B. A., & Elshamy, A. I. (2023) · Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants · doi:10.1080/0972060x.2023.2251522 · Cited by 11
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Physico-chemical properties of Ocimum americanum L. essential oil from Burkina Faso
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Application of the Cryo-Drying Technique in Maintaining Bioactive and Antioxidant Properties in Basil Leaves (Ocimum basilicum)
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Diversity in morphology and bioactive compounds among selected Ocimum species
Musie, S., Gosztola, B., & Radácsi, P. (2024) · Biochemical Systematics and Ecology · doi:10.1016/j.bse.2024.104826 · Cited by 8
The Neuroprotective Potential of Ocimum Plant Species: Seasoning the Mind with Sweet and Holy Basil
Vasincu, A., Rusu, R.-N., Ababei, D. C., Bulea, D., Arcan, O. D., Vasincu, I. M., Chiriac, S. I. B., Popescu, I.-R., Bild, W., & Bild, V. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17172877 · Cited by 12
Strategies for Conservation and Production of Bioactive Phytoconstituents in Commercially Important Ocimum Species: A Review
Kumari, M., Prasad, A., Laiq-ur-Rahman, Mathur, A. K., & Mathur, A. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-2824-8_4 · Cited by 8
Treasures Induced by Narrow-Spectrum: Volatile Phenylpropanoid and Terpene Compounds in Leaves of Lemon Basil (Ocimum × citriodorum Vis.), Sweet Basil (O. basilicum L.) and Bush Basil (O. minimum L.) Under Artificial Light City Farm Conditions
Shirokova, A. V., Dzhatdoeva, S., Ruzhitskiy, A. O., Belopukhov, S. L., Dmitrieva, V. L., Luneva, V. E., Дмитриев, Л. Б., Kharchenko, V. A., Kochkarov, A. A., & Sadykhov, E. G. (2025) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants14030403 · Cited by 6
Phytochemistry, pharmacological insights, and food science applications of natural bioactive compounds from Ocimum species with a focus on essential oils
Ferreira, O. O., Kumar, R., da Silva, L. R. R., Mali, S. N., Tambe, S. M., Rosa, U. A., da Costa, L. S., Lobato, L. G. N., Botelho, A. D. S., Karakoti, H., et al. (2025) · Food Frontiers · doi:10.1002/fft2.496 · Cited by 8
Chemometric-guided diversity study of black turmeric essential oils from Eastern India revealed industrially feasible quality chemotypes with promising bioactivities
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A Recent Update on Ayurvedic Anti-asthmatic Formulations: Highlighting the Role of Major Anti-asthmatic Plants
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Authors: Gurav, T. P., Dholakia, B. B., & Giri, A. P.
Affiliations: National Chemical Laboratory (IN)
Tripura University (IN)
Corresponding author: Dholakia, Bhushan B.
Giri, Ashok P.
ORCID: Gurav, Tanuja P.
Dholakia, Bhushan B.
Giri, Ashok P.
Venue: Phytochemistry Reviews
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2021-08-02
Volume: 21
Issue: 3
Pages: 879-913
ISSN: 1568-7767 (ISSN-L)
1572-980X
DOI: 10.1007/s11101-021-09767-z
PMC: PMC8326315
OpenAlex: W3187253987
Cited by: 87
References: 219
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 2
FWCI: 1.14
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (vor)
Locations: Phytochemistry Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India (BSC0124)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants
Keywords: Ocimum, chemodiversity, chemotypes, essential oil composition, Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum gratissimum, Ocimum sanctum, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, plant breeding, metabolic engineering, transgenic plants, tissue culture, medicinal and aromatic plants

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A glance at the chemodiversity of Ocimum species: Trends, implications, and strategies for the quality and yield improvement of essential oil

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