Predicting Adolescents’ Self-Objectification from Sexualized Video Game and Instagram Use: A Longitudinal Study
Open accessAbstract
A growing body of research has demonstrated negative effects of sexualization in the media on adolescents’ body image, but longitudinal studies and research including interactive and social media are scarce. The current study explored the longitudinal associations of adolescents’ use of sexualized video games (SVG) and sexualized Instagram images (SII) with body image concerns. Specifically, our study examined relations between adolescents’ SVG and SII use and appearance comparisons, thin- and muscular-ideal internalization, valuing appearance over competence, and body surveillance. A sample of 660 German adolescents (327 female, 333 male; Mage = 15.09 years) participated in two waves with an interval of 6 months. A structural equation model showed that SVG and SII use at Time 1 predicted body surveillance indirectly via valuing appearance over competence at Time 2. Furthermore, SVG and SII use indirectly predicted both thin- and muscular-ideal internalization through appearance comparisons at Time 1. In turn, thin-ideal internalization at Time 1 predicted body surveillance indirectly via valuing appearance over competence at Time 2. The results indicate that sexualization in video games and on Instagram can play an important role in increasing body image concerns among adolescents. We discuss the findings with respect to objectification theory and the predictive value of including appearance comparisons in models explaining the relation between sexualized media and self-objectification.
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Numerous studies have linked adolescents' and young adults' social media use with traditional measures of self-objectification.
“Numerous studies have now linked adolescents' and young adults' SM use with traditional measures of self-objectification (e.g., Manago et al., 2015; Salomon & Brown, 2020; Skowronski et al., 2020; Vandenbosch & Eggermont, 2016).”
From The Perfect Storm: A Developmental-Sociocultural Framework for the Role of Social Media in Adolescent Girls' Body Image Concerns and Mental Health. (2022) · cites this paper as Skowronski et al., 2020
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- Authors
- Skowronski, M., Busching, R., & Krahé, B.
- Affiliations
- University of Potsdam (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Skowronski, Marika
- Venue
- Sex Roles
- Published
- 2020-08-23
- Volume
- 84
- Issue
- 9-10
- Pages
- 584-598
- ISSN
- 0360-0025 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2762
- OpenAlex
- W3080721580
- Cited by
- 27
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 0.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Sex Roles (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- publish.UP (University of Potsdam) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Media, Gender, and Advertising
- Keywords
- self-objectification, Instagram, sexualization, body image concern, adolescents, appearance comparison, thin-ideal internalization, body surveillance, objectification theory, social media
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