Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

Gut microbiota regulate motor deficits and neuroinflammation in a model of Parkinson's disease

Sampson, T. R., Debelius, J. W., Thron, T., Janssen, S., Shastri, G. G., Ilhan, Z. E., Challis, C., Schretter, C. E., Rocha, S., Gradinaru, V., et al. (2016) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.018 · Cited by 3,622 · see citing works

Gut microbiota are related to Parkinson's disease and clinical phenotype

Scheperjans, F., Aho, V., Pereira, P. A. B., Koskinen, K., Paulin, L., Pekkonen, E., Haapaniemi, E., Kaakkola, S., Eerola‐Rautio, J., Pohja, M., et al. (2015) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.26069 · Cited by 1,968 · see citing works

Gastric α-synuclein immunoreactive inclusions in Meissner's and Auerbach's plexuses in cases staged for Parkinson's disease-related brain pathology

Braak, H., de Vos, R. A. I., Bohl, J., & Del Tredici, K. (2006) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2005.11.012 · Cited by 1,354 · see citing works

Colonic bacterial composition in Parkinson's disease

Keshavarzian, A., Green, S. J., Engen, P. A., Voigt, R. M., Naqib, A., Forsyth, C. B., Mutlu, E., & Shannon, K. M. (2015) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.26307 · Cited by 1,281 · see citing works

Short chain fatty acids and gut microbiota differ between patients with Parkinson's disease and age-matched controls

Unger, M. M., Spiegel, J., Dillmann, K.-U., Grundmann, D., Philippeit, H., Bürmann, J., Faßbender, K., Schwiertz, A., & Schäfer, K.-H. (2016) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.08.019 · Cited by 1,159 · see citing works

Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

Fasano, A., Visanji, N. P., Liu, L. W. C., Lang, A. E., & Pfeiffer, R. F. (2015) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(15)00007-1 · Cited by 1,016 · see citing works

Increased Intestinal Permeability Correlates with Sigmoid Mucosa alpha-Synuclein Staining and Endotoxin Exposure Markers in Early Parkinson's Disease

Forsyth, C. B., Shannon, K. M., Kordower, J. H., Voigt, R. M., Shaikh, M., Jaglin, J. A., Estes, J. D., Dodiya, H. B., & Keshavarzian, A. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0028032 · Cited by 974 · see citing works

Gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease

Pfeiffer, R. F. (2003) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(03)00307-7 · Cited by 925 · see citing works

Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's disease medications have distinct signatures of the gut microbiome

Hill‐Burns, E. M., Debelius, J. W., Morton, J. T., Wissemann, W. T., Lewis, M. R., Wallen, Z. D., Peddada, S. D., Factor, S. A., Molho, E., Zabetian, C. P., et al. (2017) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.26942 · Cited by 874 · see citing works

Frequency of Bowel Movements and the Future Risk of Parkinson’s Disease

Abbott, R. D., Petrovitch, H., White, L. R., Masaki, K. H., Tanner, C. M., Curb, J. D., Grandinetti, A., Blanchette, P. L., Popper, J. S., & Ross, G. W. (2001) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.57.3.456 · Cited by 839 · see citing works

Vagotomy and subsequent risk of <scp>P</scp> arkinson's disease

Svensson, E., Horváth‐Puhó, E., Thomsen, R. W., Djurhuus, J. C., Pedersen, L., Borghammer, P., & Sørensen, H. T. (2015) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.24448 · Cited by 806 · see citing works

Microbiota-Brain-Gut Axis and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Quigley, E. M. M. (2017) · Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s11910-017-0802-6 · Cited by 804 · see citing works

American Gastroenterological Association technical review on the diagnosis and treatment of gastroparesis

Parkman, H. P., Hasler, W. L., & Fisher, R. S. (2004) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2004.09.055 · Cited by 738 · see citing works

A Systematic Review of the Prevalence of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Stroke, Parkinson’s Disease, Alzheimer’s Disease, Head Injury, and Pneumonia

Takizawa, C., Gemmell, E., Kenworthy, J., & Speyer, R. (2016) · Dysphagia · doi:10.1007/s00455-016-9695-9 · Cited by 533 · see citing works

Parkinson's disease: the presence of Lewy bodies in Auerbach's and Meissner's plexuses

Wakabayashi, K., Takahashi, H., Takeda, S., Ohama, E., & Ikuta, F. (1988) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00687767 · Cited by 528 · see citing works

Alpha-synuclein in colonic submucosa in early untreated Parkinson’s disease

Shannon, K. M., Keshavarzian, A., Mutlu, E., Dodiya, H. B., Daian, D., Jaglin, J. A., & Kordower, J. H. (2012) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.23838 · Cited by 469 · see citing works

Is alpha-synuclein in the colon a biomarker for premotor Parkinson’s disease? Evidence from 3 cases

Shannon, K. M., Keshavarzian, A., Dodiya, H. B., Jakate, S., & Kordower, J. H. (2012) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.25020 · Cited by 464 · see citing works

The spectrum of nonmotor symptoms in early Parkinson disease

Khoo, T. K., Yarnall, A. J., Duncan, G. W., Coleman, S. Y., O'Brien, J. T., Brooks, D. J., Barker, R. A., & Burn, D. J. (2013) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e31827deb74 · Cited by 430 · see citing works

Gastrointestinal symptoms in Parkinson's disease

Edwards, L. L., Pfeiffer, R. F., Quigley, E. M. M., Hofman, R., & Balluff, M. (1991) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.870060211 · Cited by 373 · see citing works

Dopaminergic defect of enteric nervous system in Parkinson's disease patients with chronic constipation.

Singaram, C., Gaumnitz, E., Torbey, C., Ashraf, W., Quigley, E. M., Sengupta, A., & Pfeiffer, R. F. (1995) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)92707-7 · Cited by 364 · see citing works

Accumulation of α-synuclein in the bowel of patients in the pre-clinical phase of Parkinson’s disease

Hilton, D., Stephens, M., Kirk, L., Edwards, P., Potter, R., Zajicek, J., Broughton, E., Hagan, H., & Carroll, C. (2014) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-013-1214-6 · Cited by 345 · see citing works

The role of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in Parkinson's disease

Fasano, A., Bove, F., Gabrielli, M., Petracca, M., Zocco, M. A., Ragazzoni, E., Barbaro, F., Piano, C., Fortuna, S., Tortora, A., et al. (2013) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.25522 · Cited by 344 · see citing works

Parkinson's disease: an immunohistochemical study of Lewy body-containing neurons in the enteric nervous system

Wakabayashi, K., Takahashi, H., Ohama, E., & Ikuta, F. (1990) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00294234 · Cited by 319 · see citing works

Esophageal Lewy bodies associated with ganglion cell loss in achalasia

Qualman, S. J., Haupt, H. M., Yang, P. H., & Hamilton, S. R. (1984) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/0016-5085(84)90079-9 · Cited by 305 · see citing works

Gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease

Pfeiffer, R. F. (2011) · Parkinsonism &amp; Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2010.08.003 · Cited by 298 · see citing works

Esophageal Lewy bodies associated with ganglion cell loss in achalasia. Similarity to Parkinson's disease.

Qualman, S. J., Haupt, H. M., Yang, P. H., & Hamilton, S. R. (1984) · PubMed · Cited by 295 · see citing works

Structural alterations of the intestinal epithelial barrier in Parkinson’s disease

Clairembault, T., Leclair‐Visonneau, L., Coron, E., Bourreille, A., Dily, S. L., Vavasseur, F., Heymann, M., Neunlist, M., & Derkinderen, P. (2015) · Acta Neuropathologica Communications · doi:10.1186/s40478-015-0196-0 · Cited by 292 · see citing works

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in Parkinson's disease

Tan, A. H., Mahadeva, S., Thalha, A. M., Gibson, P. R., Kiew, C. K., Yeat, C. M., Ng, S. W., Ang, S. P., Chow, S. K., Tan, C. T., et al. (2014) · Parkinsonism &amp; Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.02.019 · Cited by 274 · see citing works

Practice Parameter: Treatment of nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson disease [RETIRED]

Zesiewicz, T., Sullivan, K. L., Arnulf, I., Chaudhuri, К. R., Morgan, J. C., Gronseth, G., Miyasaki, J. M., Iverson, D. J., & Weiner, W. J. (2010) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181d55f24 · Cited by 273 · see citing works

Is Parkinson's disease a prion disorder?

Olanow, C. W., & Prusiner, S. B. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0906759106 · Cited by 266 · see citing works

Parkinson's disease and megacolon

Kupsky, W. J., Grimes, M. M., Sweeting, J. C., Bertsch, R., & Cote, L. J. (1987) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.37.7.1253 · Cited by 232 · see citing works

Neuropathological basis of nonmotor manifestations of Parkinson's disease

Adler, C. H., & Beach, T. G. (2016) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.26605 · Cited by 230 · see citing works

Pathological lesions in colonic biopsies during Parkinson’s disease

Lebouvier, T., Chaumette, T., Damier, P., Coron, E., Touchefeu, Y., Vrignaud, S., Naveilhan, P., Galmiche, J.-P., Varannes, S. B. D., Derkinderen, P., et al. (2008) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.2008.162503 · Cited by 229 · see citing works

Gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease

Edwards, L., Quigley, E., & Pfeiffer, R. (1992) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.42.4.726 · Cited by 226 · see citing works

Parkinson’s disease from the gut

Liddle, R. A. (2018) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2018.01.010 · Cited by 219 · see citing works

Constipation in parkinson's disease: Objective assessment and response to psyllium

Ashraf, W., Pfeiffer, R. F., Park, F. L., Lof, J., & Quigley, E. (1997) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.870120617 · Cited by 200 · see citing works

Life style risks of Parkinson?s disease: Association between decreased water intake and constipation

Ueki, A., & Otsuka, M. (2004) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-004-1706-3 · Cited by 190 · see citing works

Characterization of swallowing and defecation in Parkinson's disease.

Edwards, L. L., Quigley, E. M. M., Harned, R. K., Hofman, R., & Pfeiffer, R. F. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 187 · see citing works

Critical Dysphagia is Common in Parkinson Disease and Occurs Even in Early Stages: A Prospective Cohort Study

Pflug, C., Bihler, M., Emich, K., Niessen, A. C., Nienstedt, J. C., Flügel, T., Koseki, J., Plaetke, R., Hidding, U., Gerloff, C. P., et al. (2017) · Dysphagia · doi:10.1007/s00455-017-9831-1 · Cited by 186 · see citing works

Parkinson’s disease is not associated with gastrointestinal myenteric ganglion neuron loss

Annerino, D. M., Arshad, S., Taylor, G. M., Adler, C., Beach, T., & Greene, J. (2012) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-012-1040-2 · Cited by 185 · see citing works

Gastroparesis and Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review

Heetun, Z. S., & Quigley, E. M. M. (2012) · Parkinsonism &amp; Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2011.12.004 · Cited by 182 · see citing works

Videofluorographic Study of Swallowing in Parkinson's Disease

Nagaya, M., Kachi, T., Yamada, T., & Igata, A. (1998) · Dysphagia · doi:10.1007/pl00009562 · Cited by 178 · see citing works

Does Parkinson’s disease start in the gut?

Lionnet, A., Leclair‐Visonneau, L., Neunlist, M., Murayama, S., Takao, M., Adler, C. H., Derkinderen, P., & Beach, T. G. (2017) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-017-1777-8 · Cited by 177 · see citing works

Prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in Parkinson’s disease

Gabrielli, M., Bonazzi, P., Scarpellini, E., Bendia, E., Lauritano, E. C., Fasano, A., Ceravolo, M. G., Capecci, M., Rita Bentivoglio, A., Provinciali, L., et al. (2011) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.23566 · Cited by 175 · see citing works

Sublingual Atropine for sialorrhea secondary to parkinsonism: A pilot study

Hyson, H. C., Johnson, A. M., & Jog, M. (2002) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.10276 · Cited by 163 · see citing works

Anal Sphincter Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease

Mathers, S. E., Kempster, P. A., Law, P. J., Frankel, J. P., Bartram, C. I., Lees, A. J., Stern, G. M., & Swash, M. (1989) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1989.00520460037010 · Cited by 158 · see citing works

Parkinson Disease Affects Peripheral Sensory Nerves in the Pharynx

Mu, L., Sobótka, S., Chen, J., Su, H., Sanders, I., Nyirenda, T. L., Adler, C. H., Shill, H. A., Caviness, J. N., Samanta, J., et al. (2013) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/nen.0b013e3182965886 · Cited by 153 · see citing works

A study of salivary secretion in Parkinson's disease.

Bagheri, H., Damase‐Michel, C., Lapeyre‐Mestre, M., Cismondo, S., O'Connell, D., Sénard, J., Rascol, O., & Montastruc, J. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 148 · see citing works

ALIMENTARY DISORDER IN PARKINSONISM

Eadie, M. J., & Tyrer, J. H. (1965) · Australasian Annals of Medicine · doi:10.1111/imj.1965.14.1.13 · Cited by 138 · see citing works

How does parkinson's disease begin? Perspectives on neuroanatomical pathways, prions, and histology

Borghammer, P. (2017) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.27138 · Cited by 136 · see citing works

Gut microbiome as a clinical tool in gastrointestinal disease management: are we there yet?

Quigley, E. M. M. (2017) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology · doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2017.29 · Cited by 125 · see citing works

Levodopa responsiveness of dysphagia in advanced Parkinson's disease and reliability testing of the FEES-Levodopa-test

Warnecke, T., Suttrup, I., Schröder, J. B., Osada, N., Oelenberg, S., Hamacher, C., Suntrup‐Krueger, S., & Dziewas, R. (2016) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.04.034 · Cited by 118 · see citing works

Objective Colonic Dysfunction is Far more Prevalent than Subjective Constipation in Parkinson’s Disease: A Colon Transit and Volume Study

Knudsen, K., Fedorova, T. D., Bekker, A. C., Iversen, P., Østergaard, K., Krogh, K., & Borghammer, P. (2017) · Journal of Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.3233/jpd-161050 · Cited by 117 · see citing works

Impaired gastric emptying of a solid test meal in patients with Parkinson's disease using 13C-sodium octanoate breath test

Goetze, O., Wieczorek, J., Mueller, T. J., Przuntek, H., Schmidt, W. E., & Woitalla, D. (2004) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2004.11.007 · Cited by 116 · see citing works

Defecatory function in Parkinson's disease: Response to apomorphine

Edwards, L. L., Quigley, E. M. M., Harned, R. K., Hofman, R., & Pfeiffer, R. F. (1993) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410330512 · Cited by 114 · see citing works

Placebo-controlled trial of lubiprostone for constipation associated with Parkinson disease

Ondo, W. G., Kenney, C., Sullivan, K., Davidson, A., Hunter, C., Jahan, I., McCombs, A., Miller, A., & Zesiewicz, T. A. (2012) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182574f28 · Cited by 112 · see citing works

Radiological assessment of dysphagia in Parkinson's disease

Stroudley, J., & Walsh, M. (1991) · British Journal of Radiology · doi:10.1259/0007-1285-64-766-890 · Cited by 109 · see citing works

Manometric investigation of anorectal function in early and late stage Parkinson's disease

Bassotti, G. (2000) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.68.6.768 · Cited by 103 · see citing works

Does vagotomy reduce the risk of Parkinson's disease?

Tysnes, O., Kenborg, L., Herlofson, K., Steding‐Jessen, M., Horn, A., Olsen, J. H., & Reichmann, H. (2015) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.24531 · Cited by 102 · see citing works

Constipation in Parkinson's disease

Jost, W. H., & Schimrigk, К. (1991) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf01798536 · Cited by 94 · see citing works

Effects of oral administration of rotenone on gastrointestinal functions in mice

Tasselli, M., Chaumette, T., Paillusson, S., Monnet, Y., Lafoux, A., Huchet, C., Aubert, P., Hunot, S., Derkinderen, P., & Neunlist, M. (2013) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/nmo.12070 · Cited by 89 · see citing works

Relating gastric scintigraphy and symptoms to motility capsule transit and pressure findings in suspected gastroparesis

Hasler, W. L., May, K. P., Wilson, L., Natta, M. L. V., Parkman, H. P., Pasricha, P. J., Koch, K. L., Abell, T. L., McCallum, R. W., Nguyen, L. A. B., et al. (2017) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/nmo.13196 · Cited by 86 · see citing works

Cricopharyngeal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: Role in dysphagia and response to myotomy

Born, L. J., Harned, R. H., Rikkers, L. F., Pfeiffer, R. F., & Quigley, E. M. M. (1996) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.870110110 · Cited by 81 · see citing works

The role of the vagal pathway and gastric dopamine in the gastroparesis of rats after a 6‐hydroxydopamine microinjection in the substantia nigra

Zheng, L., Song, J., Fan, R. ‐., Chen, C. ‐., Ren, Q. ‐., Zhang, X. ‐., Feng, X., Zhang, Y., Li, L. ‐., & Zhu, J. (2014) · Acta Physiologica · doi:10.1111/apha.12229 · Cited by 80 · see citing works

Severe constipation in parkinson's disease relieved by botulinum toxin

Albanese, A., Maria, G., Bentivoglio, A. R., Brisinda, G., Cassetta, E., & Tonali, P. A. (1997) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.870120524 · Cited by 76 · see citing works

Treatment of Outlet Obstruction Constipation in Parkinson'S Disease With Botulinum Neurotoxin A

Albanese, A., Brisinda, G., Bentivoglio, A. R., & Maria, G. (2003) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07514.x · Cited by 73 · see citing works

Is there a delayed gastric emptying of patients with early-stage, untreated Parkinson’s disease? An analysis using the 13C-acetate breath test

Tanaka, Y., Kato, T., Nishida, H., Yamada, M., Koumura, A., Sakurai, T., Hayashi, Y., Kimura, A., Hozumi, I., Araki, H., et al. (2010) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-010-5769-z · Cited by 73 · see citing works

Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Parkinson???s Disease

Byrne, K. G., Pfeiffer, R. F., & Quigley, E. M. M. (1994) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/00004836-199407000-00004 · Cited by 70 · see citing works

Anorectal manometry in the assessment of anorectal function in Parkinson's disease: A comparison with chronic idiopathic constipation

Ashraf, W., Pfeiffer, R. F., & Quigley, E. M. M. (1994) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.870090612 · Cited by 61 · see citing works

Dysphagia in Parkinson's disease is responsive to levodopa

Sutton, J. P. (2013) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2012.11.007 · Cited by 58 · see citing works

MANOMETRIC ASSESSMENT OF ANORECTAL FUNCTION

Sun, W. M., & Rao, S. S. C. (2001) · Gastroenterology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0889-8553(05)70165-5 · Cited by 57 · see citing works

Drooling in Parkinson’s disease: A randomized controlled trial of incobotulinum toxin A and meta-analysis of Botulinum toxins

Narayanaswami, P., Geisbush, T., Tarulli, A. W., Raynor, E. M., Gautam, S., Tarsy, D., & Gronseth, G. (2016) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.07.001 · Cited by 45 · see citing works

Swallowing improvement after levodopa treatment in idiopathic Parkinson's disease: Lack of evidence

Melo, A. D. S., & Monteiro, L. (2012) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2012.11.017 · Cited by 43 · see citing works

Safety and efficacy of the vibrating capsule, an innovative non‐pharmacological treatment modality for chronic constipation

Ron, Y., Halpern, Z., Safadi, R., Dickman, R. M., Dekel, R., & Sperber, A. D. (2014) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/nmo.12485 · Cited by 38 · see citing works

Wisconsin's Enterra Therapy Experience: A multi-institutional review of gastric electrical stimulation for medically refractory gastroparesis

Shada, A. L., Nielsen, A., Marowski, S., Helm, M. C., Funk, L. M., Kastenmeier, A. S., Lidor, A. O., & Gould, J. C. (2018) · Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.surg.2018.04.043 · Cited by 38 · see citing works

Utility of the wireless motility capsule and lactulose breath testing in the evaluation of patients with Parkinson's disease who present with functional gastrointestinal symptoms

Su, A., Gandhy, R., Barlow, C., & Triadafilopoulos, G. (2017) · BMJ Open Gastroenterology · doi:10.1136/bmjgast-2017-000132 · Cited by 36 · see citing works

Pilot cohort study of endoscopic botulinum neurotoxin injection in Parkinson's disease

Triadafilopoulos, G., Gandhy, R., & Barlow, C. (2017) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.08.020 · Cited by 36 · see citing works

Botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of gastroparesis in Parkinson’s disease patients

Gil, R. A., Hwynn, N., Fabian, T., Joseph, S., & Fernandez, H. H. (2011) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2011.01.007 · Cited by 35 · see citing works

The underlying mechanism of prodromal PD: insights from the parasympathetic nervous system and the olfactory system

Liu, S., Chan, P., & Stoessl, A. J. (2017) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-017-0074-8 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

A randomized trial of relamorelin for constipation in Parkinson's disease (MOVE-PD): Trial results and lessons learned.

1 (2017) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.02.003 · Cited by 30 · see citing works

Relamorelin for the treatment of gastrointestinal motility disorders

Chedid, V. G., & Camilleri, M. (2017) · Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs · doi:10.1080/13543784.2017.1373088 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

Nizatidine ameliorates gastroparesis in Parkinson's disease: A pilot study

Doi, H., Sakakibara, R., Sato, M., Hirai, S., Masaka, T., Kishi, M., Tsuyusaki, Y., Tateno, A., Tateno, F., Takahashi, O., et al. (2013) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.25777 · Cited by 25 · see citing works

Vertebrate food products as a potential source of prion-like α-synuclein

Killinger, B. A., & Labrie, V. (2017) · npj Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.1038/s41531-017-0035-z · Cited by 23 · see citing works

Dysphagia Causes Symptom Fluctuations after Oral L-DOPA Treatment in a Patient with Parkinson Disease

Sato, H., Yamamoto, T., Satô, M., Furusawa, Y., & Murata, M. (2018) · Case Reports in Neurology · doi:10.1159/000488138 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

A Critical Review of the Current Clinical Landscape of Gastroparesis.

Fosso, C., & Quigley, E. M. M. (2018) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 14 · see citing works

A wrinkle in ON-time - A GI structural abnormality confounding levodopa therapy with Duodopa rescue; a case study

Staisch, J., Bakis, G., & Nutt, J. G. (2018) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.02.021 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

The endotoxin hypothesis of neurodegeneration

Brown, G. C. (2019) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1564-7 · Cited by 457 · see citing works

The microbiome–gut–brain axis in Parkinson disease — from basic research to the clinic

Tan, A. H., Lim, S. Y., & Lang, A. E. (2022) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-022-00681-2 · Cited by 392 · see citing works

Disorders of the enteric nervous system — a holistic view

Niesler, B., Küerten, S., Demir, İ. E., & Schäfer, K. (2021) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-020-00385-2 · Cited by 198 · see citing works

Parkinson disease and the gut: new insights into pathogenesis and clinical relevance

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Docosahexaenoic and Arachidonic Acids as Neuroprotective Nutrients throughout the Life Cycle

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Safety and Tolerability of Pharmacotherapies for Parkinson’s Disease in Geriatric Patients

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Effects of Enteric Environmental Modification by Coffee Components on Neurodegeneration in Rotenone-Treated Mice

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Niacin and Butyrate: Nutraceuticals Targeting Dysbiosis and Intestinal Permeability in Parkinson’s Disease

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Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease: Neuro-Gastroenterology Perspectives on a Multifaceted Problem

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Gut microbes metabolize Parkinson's disease drug

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Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

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Relationship among Parkinson’s disease, constipation, microbes, and microbiological therapy

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Intermittent Fasting on Neurologic Diseases: Potential Role of Gut Microbiota

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Peripheral Humoral Immune Response Is Associated With the Non-motor Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease

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Effect of Berberine Hydrochloride on the Diversity of Intestinal Flora in Parkinson’s Disease Patients

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Investigation of nerve pathways mediating colorectal dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease model produced by lesion of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons

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How Toll-like receptors influence Parkinson’s disease in the microbiome–gut–brain axis

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Pharmacokinetics of Inhaled Levodopa Administered With Oral Carbidopa in the Fed State in Patients With Parkinson's Disease

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Real-world experience with continuous subcutaneous foslevodopa/foscarbidopa infusion: insights and recommendations

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Influence of Acetylcholine Esterase Inhibitors and Memantine, Clinically Approved for Alzheimer’s Dementia Treatment, on Intestinal Properties of the Mouse

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Contractile dysfunction and nitrergic dysregulation in small intestine of a primate model of Parkinson’s disease

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Parkinson's Disease and the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Metabolites, Mechanisms, and Innovative Therapeutic Strategies Targeting the Gut Microbiota

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A Critical Analysis of Intestinal Enteric Neuron Loss and Constipation in Parkinson’s Disease

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Autonomic Dysfunctions in Parkinson’s Disease: Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics, Potential Diagnostic Markers, and Treatment

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A technology evaluation of CVT-301 (Inbrija): an inhalable therapy for treatment of Parkinson’s disease

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Clinical Use of On-Demand Therapies for Patients with Parkinson’s Disease and OFF Periods

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Establishing apomorphine treatment in Thailand: understanding the challenges and opportunities of Parkinson’s disease management in developing countries

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Gastrointestinal function in dementia with Lewy bodies: a comparison with Parkinson disease

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Biofilm proficient Bacillus subtilis prevents neurodegeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans Parkinson’s disease models via PMK-1/p38 MAPK and SKN-1/Nrf2 signaling

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Study on the characteristics of intestinal motility of constipation in patients with Parkinson's disease

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Constipation Increases Disability and Decreases Dopamine Levels in the Nigrostriatal System through Gastric Inflammatory Factors in Parkinson’s Disease

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Pesticides and the Gut Microbiota: Implications for Parkinson’s Disease

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Chronic isolation stress is associated with increased colonic and motor symptoms in the A53T mouse model of Parkinson’s disease

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From the intestinal mucosal barrier to the enteric neuromuscular compartment: an integrated overview on the morphological changes in Parkinson’s disease

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Gastrointestinal mucosal biopsies in Parkinson’s disease: beyond alpha-synuclein detection

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Nutrition and Gut–Brain Pathways Impacting the Onset of Parkinson’s Disease

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Dopamine and Gastrointestinal Motility

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Spectrum of Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease — a Review

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Alterations in descending brain-spinal pathways regulating colorectal motility in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease

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Gastrointestinal and metabolic function in the MPTP-treated macaque model of Parkinson's disease

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Starting with 24-h levodopa carbidopa intestinal gel at initiation in a large cohort of advanced Parkinson’s disease patients

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Dopamine transporter binding in the brain is linked to irritable bowel syndrome in Parkinson's disease

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Gut Microbes in Parkinson's Disease

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Gastric Emptying Is Not Delayed and Does Not Correlate With Attenuated Postprandial Blood Flow Increase in Medicated Patients With Early Parkinson's Disease

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Neuroimmune Connectomes in the Gut and Their Implications in Parkinson’s Disease

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Gastrointestinal Dysfunctions Are Associated withIL-10Variants in Parkinson’s Disease

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The Gut Dysmotility Questionnaire for Parkinson's disease: Insights into development and pretest studies

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Helicobacter pylori infection is a risk factor for constipation in patients with Parkinson's disease: A multicenter prospective cohort study

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Overall and Regional Colonic Transit Abnormalities in Elderly Patients with Constipation

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Gastroparesis in Parkinson's disease: Diagnostic and clinical implications for optimizing pharmacological treatment

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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Parkinson Disease

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Host, Genetic, and Environmental Influences on the Gut Microbiota

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New insights in non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease

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Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Parkinson's Disease Using a Validated Arabic Version of Gastrointestinal Dysfunction Scale: A Multicenter Study

Shalash, A., Badr, M. Y., Salah, Y., Elgamal, S., Elaidy, S. A., Elhamrawy, E. A., Abdel‐Tawab, H., Hamid, E., El-Seidy, E. A. S., & Dawood, N. L. (2025) · Movement Disorders Clinical Practice · doi:10.1002/mdc3.70005 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

The evaluation of 2.3-diazepine influence on tissue respiration of the liver and its exocrine function in rats with a rotenone model of Parkinson’s disease

Khilya, V. P., Yanchuk, I. P., Shtanova, L. Y., Veselsky, S. P., Vovkun, T. V., Tsymbalyuk, О. V., Москвина, В. С., Shablykina, O. V., & Богза, С. Л. (2019) · Biopolymers and Cell · doi:10.7124/bc.000a13 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Gastroparesis from other causes

Ahuja, N. K. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818586-5.00021-1

RNA-based stable isotope probing provides no indication for rapid α-synuclein assimilation by murine gut bacteria

Brandau, L., Weis, S., Weyland, M., Berger, F. K., Schnell, S., Schäfer, K., & Egert, M. (2022) · Access Microbiology · doi:10.1099/acmi.0.000345

COMO A DISBIOSE INFLUENCIA NO SURGIMENTO E MANIFESTAÇÕES CLÍNICAS DA DOENÇA DE PARKINSON - UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

Gonçalves, I. D. O., da Silva, P. R. R., Vieira, L. F. M., Maia, M. G. F., Barroso, J. M. D. C., Prado, M. E. O., dos Santos, J. A., & Tavares, P. G. B. (2024) · Revista Foco · doi:10.54751/revistafoco.v17n4-050

Autonomic Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

Boogers, A., Leta, V., Raeder, V., & Chaudhuri, К. R. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108989855.014

Advances in the study of Parkinson's disease-related salivation and associated mechanisms

Han, B., Wang, L., Cui, Y., Wang, S., Zhao, W., Wang, S., Ma, X., Xu, X., Ma, J., Zhu, Y., et al. (2026) · Autonomic Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2026.103396

Transanal Irrigation in patients with Parkinson's Disease and chronic constipation: rebalancing the Gut Microbiota?

Colucci, F., Ascanelli, S., Chimisso, L., Antenucci, P., Procaccianti, G., Mechelli, A., Gozzi, A., Rossin, E., D’Amico, F., Turroni, S., et al. (2026) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2026.108289

Gastrointestinal manifestations of Parkinson's disease

Pfeiffer, R. F., & Quigley, E. M. M. (2026) · Autonomic Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2026.103475

An Overview of Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Parkinsonian Syndromes

Talman, L. S., & Safarpour, D. (2023) · Seminars in Neurology · doi:10.1055/s-0043-1771461 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Gut microbiota are related to Parkinson’s disease

Wang, Y. (2017) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2957 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease: Current and Potential Therapeutics

Han, M. N., Finkelstein, D. I., McQuade, R. M., & Diwakarla, S. (2022) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm12020144 · Cited by 45 · see citing works

A New Perspective on Parkinson’s Disease: Pathology Begins in the Gastrointestinal Tract

Mau, K. J., & Jadavji, N. M. (2017) · doi:10.22186/jyi.33.4.63-70 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

76 Copyright © 2015 The Korean Movement Disorder Society Gastrointestinal Autonomic Dysfunction in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Kim, J.-S., & Sung, H.-Y. (2016)