Bile acids: a communication channel in the gut-brain axis
Abstract
Bile acids are signalling hormones involved in the regulation of several metabolic pathways. The ability of bile acids to bind and signal through their receptors is modulated by the gut microbiome, since the microbiome contributes to the regulation and synthesis of bile acids as well to their physiochemical properties. From the gut, bacteria have been shown to send signals to the central nervous system via their metabolites, thus affecting the behaviour and brain function of the host organism. In the last years it has become increasingly evident that bile acids affect brain function, during normal physiological and pathological conditions. Although bile acids may be synthesized locally in the brain, the majority of brain bile acids are taken up from the systemic circulation. Since the composition of the brain bile acid pool may be regulated by the action of intestinal bacteria, it is possible that bile acids function as a communication bridge between the gut microbiome and the brain. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms and the physiological roles of bile acids in the central nervous system. The possibility that bile acids may be a direct link between the intestinal microbiome and the brain is also an understudied subject. Here we review the influence of gut bacteria on the bile acid pool composition and properties, as well as striking evidence showing the role of bile acids as neuroactive molecules.
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Bile acid disorders are associated with neural symptoms.
“BA disorders are also associated with neural symptoms (300).”
From Signalling cognition: The gut microbiota and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (2023) · cites this paper as [300]
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Signalling cognition: The gut microbiota and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
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Bile acids as key modulators of the brain-Gut-Microbiota axis in alzheimer’s disease
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Dietary Regulation of Gut-Brain Axis in Alzheimer’s Disease: Importance of Microbiota Metabolites
Frausto, D. M., Forsyth, C. B., Keshavarzian, A., & Voigt, R. M. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.736814 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
- Authors
- Monteiro-Cardoso, V. F., Corlianò, M., & Singaraja, R. R.
- Affiliations
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (SG)
- Corresponding author
- Singaraja, Roshni R.
- Venue
- NeuroMolecular Medicine
- Published
- 2020-10-21
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 99-117
- ISSN
- 1535-1084 (ISSN-L)
- 1559-1174
- OpenAlex
- W3093971880
- Cited by
- 145
- References
- 153
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 12
- FWCI
- 1.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- NeuroMolecular Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National University of Singapore
- Agency for Science Technology and research, Singapore
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Keywords
- bile acids, gut-brain axis, gut microbiota, bile acid receptors, central nervous system, bile acid synthesis, intestinal bacteria, host-microbe communication
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Bile Acids and Salts, Brain, Cholesterol, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System, Eating, Enterochromaffin Cells, Fermentation, Gallbladder, Germ-Free Life, Humans, Liver, Receptors, Cell Surface, Signal Transduction, Neurotransmitter Agents, Xanthomatosis, Cerebrotendinous, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Stroke, Mice
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