The effect of intensive endurance exercise training on body fat distribution in young and older men
Abstract
Little is known about the effects of exercise interventions on the distribution of central and/or intra-abdominal (IA) fat, and until now there were no studies in the elderly. Therefore, in this study we investigated the effects of an intensive 6-month endurance training program on overall body composition (hydrostatic weighing), fat distribution (body circumferences), and specific fat depots (computed tomography [CT]), in healthy young (n = 13; age, 28.2 +/- 2.4 years) and older (n = 15; age, 67.5 +/- 5.8 years) men. At baseline, overall body composition was similar in the two groups, except for a 9% smaller fat free mass in the older men (P less than .05). The thigh and arm circumferences were smaller (P = .001 and P less than .05, respectively), while the waist to hip ratio (WHR) was slightly greater in the older men (0.92 +/- 0.04 v 0.97 +/- 0.04, P less than .01). Compared with the relatively small baseline differences in body composition and circumferences, CT showed the older men to have a twofold greater IA fat depot (P less than .001), 48% less thigh subcutaneous (SC) fat (P less than .01), and 21% less thigh muscle mass (P less than .001). Following endurance (jog/bike) training, both the young (+18%, P less than .001) and the older men (+22%, P less than .001) significantly increased their maximal aerobic power (VO2max). This was associated with small but significant decrements in weight, percent body fat, and fat mass (all P less than .001) only in the older men.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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In older men who underwent a 6-month exercise training program, exercise training resulted in a 25% reduction in intra-abdominal fat area and a 36% improvement in insulin sensitivity.
“In this study exercise training resulted in a 25% reduction in intra-abdominal fat area and a 36% improvement in insulin sensitivity [24, 62].”
From The relative contributions of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (2003) · cites this paper as [62]
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- Authors
- Schwartz, R. S., Shuman, W. P., Larson, V., Cain, K. C., Fellingham, G. W., Beard, J. C., Kahn, S. E., Stratton, J. R., Cerqueira, M. D., & Abrass, I. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Venue
- Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1991-05
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 545-551
- ISSN
- 0026-0495 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2085205734
- Cited by
- 275
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 30.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5p01ag006581-02)
- National Institute on Aging (P01 AG-06581)
- National Center for Research Resources (RR 37)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Keywords
- endurance training, body fat distribution, intra-abdominal fat, central fat, older men, young men, body composition, subcutaneous adipose tissue, thigh muscle mass, waist-to-hip ratio, VO2max, fat mass, fat-free mass
- MeSH terms
- Abdomen, Adipose Tissue, Adult, Aging, Body Constitution, Epinephrine, Hip, Humans, Male, Norepinephrine, Oxygen Consumption, Physical Education and Training, Physical Endurance, Body Mass Index
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