The Effects of Exercise on Food Intake and Body Fatness: A Summary of Published Studies
Abstract
Exercise has well-recognized health benefits, including reduction in risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. However, the extent to which exercise influences energy regulation and facilitates a reduction in body fat is less clear. This review summarizes published studies on the effects of different amounts of exercise on body fatness, energy intake, and food preferences in humans. The results show consistent effects of exercise on body fatness in the absence of prescribed dietary change, with a progressive loss of body fat associated with higher exercise energy expenditures in both men and women. In part, these effects appear to be mediated by a spontaneous reduction in hunger associated with participation in exercise. Insufficient data are available on whether there are changes in food preferences and taste perception that influence energy balance through macronutrient selection, so further studies in this area are needed.
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For people starting an exercise programme, this leads to a negative energy balance and a remarkably consistent loss of body fat in relation to the net cost of exercise training.
“for people starting an exercise programme, this leads to a negative energy balance and a remarkably consistent loss of body fat in relation to the net cost of exercise training”
From Appetite control and energy balance: Impact of exercise (2015) · cites this paper as [11]
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Appetite control and energy balance: Impact of exercise
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- Authors
- Elder, S. J., & Roberts, S. B.
- Affiliations
- Tufts University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Roberts, Susan B.
- ORCID
- Roberts, Susan B.
- Venue
- Nutrition Reviews
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2008-06-28
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-19
- ISSN
- 0029-6643 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2022416385
- Cited by
- 95
- References
- 159
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 0.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nutrition Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Agriculture
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (NGA-3U01-AG20480, U01AG020480)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32HL069772)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- physical activity, dietary intake, fat mass, energy balance, energy expenditure, hunger, food preferences, taste perception, macronutrient selection, weight loss, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Body Composition, Energy Intake, Food Preferences, Humans, Exercise, Adiposity
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