Opioid receptor blockade reduces maternal affect and social grooming in rhesus monkeys
Abstract
Seven lactating female rhesus macaques, housed in social groups, were administered with low doses (0.5 mg/kg) of the opioid antagonist naloxone when their infants were 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks old. A control group received saline. Mothers receiving naloxone were involved in less grooming with other group members, and were less protective towards their infants. By infant-age week 8 they also groomed their infants less, while other monkeys groomed the infants more. Other behavioural measures of mother-infant interactions were not altered. With time, from infant-age week 6 onwards, some short-lived dysphoric conditioned drug responses to naloxone became apparent, although these were not correlated with the decline in social interaction. These results are interpreted in terms of possible interference of naloxone with maternal affect.
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Later work on social motivation in rats and Rhesus macaques has supported the opioid hypothesis.
“This hypothesis has subsequently been supported by work on social motivation in rats and Rhesus macaques (Panksepp et al 1985; Martel et al 1993; Martel et al 1995).”
From The behavioral, anatomical and pharmacological parallels between social attachment, love and addiction (2012) · cites this paper as Martel et al 1993
Long-term exposure to opioid antagonists decreases maternal competence and motivation.
“Conversely, long-term exposure to opioid antagonists decreases maternal competence and motivation, suggesting that mothers adapt their behavior based on reduced social reward (Martel et al 1993; Martel et al 1995).”
From The behavioral, anatomical and pharmacological parallels between social attachment, love and addiction (2012) · cites this paper as Martel et al 1993
In rats, guinea pigs, sheep, and Rhesus macaques, acute opioid antagonists increase social need and care solicitation by offspring, while agonists decrease solicitation in rats and Rhesus macaques.
“In rats, guinea pigs, sheep, and Rhesus macaques, acute administration of opioid antagonists increases social need and the solicitation for care by offspring, while agonists decrease solicitation in rats and Rhesus macaques (Panksepp et al 1980; Kalin et al 1988; Martel et al 1993; Panksepp et al 1994; Martel et al 1995; Shayit et al 2003).”
From The behavioral, anatomical and pharmacological parallels between social attachment, love and addiction (2012) · cites this paper as Martel et al 1993
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Buehler, R., Ulrich Ansorge, A., Willeit, M., & Silani, G. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10805669/v1
- Authors
- Martel, F. L., Nevison, C. M., Rayment, F. D., Simpson, M. J. A., & Keverne, E. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Venue
- Psychoneuroendocrinology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1993
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 307-321
- ISSN
- 0306-4530 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2013107540
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 5.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychoneuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- opioid receptor blockade, naloxone, maternal affect, social grooming, mother-infant interaction, rhesus monkeys, opioid antagonists
- MeSH terms
- Affect, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Female, Grooming, Macaca mulatta, Male, Maternal Behavior, Motivation, Naloxone, Receptors, Opioid, Social Behavior
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