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Cited by 4,488Advanced Radiotherapy TechniquesEffects of Radiation ExposureRadiation Therapy and Dosimetry

Tolerance of normal tissue to therapeutic irradiation

Emami, B., Lyman, J., Brown, A., Cola, L., Goitein, M., Munzenrider, J.E., Shank, B., Solin, L.J. +1 more·1991·International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
DOI 10.1016/0360-3016(91)90171-y
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Abstract

The importance of knowledge on tolerance of normal tissue organs to irradiation by radiation oncologists cannot be overemphasized. Unfortunately, current knowledge is less than adequate. With the increasing use of 3-D treatment planning and dose delivery, this issue, particularly volumetric information, will become even more critical. As a part of the NCI contract N01 CM-47316, a task force, chaired by the primary author, was formed and an extensive literature search was carried out to address this issue. In this issue. In this manuscript we present the updated information on tolerance of normal tissues of concern in the protocols of this contract, based on available data, with a special emphasis on partial volume effects. Due to a lack of precise and comprehensive data base, opinions and experience of the clinicians from four universities involved in the contract have also been contributory. Obviously, this is not and cannot be a comprehensive work, which is beyond the scope of this contract.

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Crossref · 10.1016/0360-3016(91)90171-y

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195 of 195 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Radiation delivery to part of an organ is less likely to cause toxicity than radiation therapy of the entire organ.

    “It has also been clear since early studies with EBRT that radiation delivery to part of an organ is less likely to cause toxicity than radiation therapy of the entire organ.”

    From Normal-Tissue Tolerance to Radiopharmaceutical Therapies, the Knowns and the Unknowns (2021) · cites this paper as [6]

  • A seminal paper by Emami et al. summarized normal-tissue tolerances to external photon irradiation as they were known in 1991, and these data have been gradually updated and expanded through QUANTEC and HyTEC.

    “A seminal paper by Emami et al. ( 6 ) summarized normal-tissue tolerances to external photon irradiation as they were known in 1991, and these data have been gradually updated and expanded through other initiatives such as Quantitative Analysis of Normal Tissue Effects in the Clinic (QUANTEC) and Hypofractionated Treatment Effects in the Clinic (HyTEC) ( 25 , 26 ).”

    From Normal-Tissue Tolerance to Radiopharmaceutical Therapies, the Knowns and the Unknowns (2021) · cites this paper as [6]

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Authors
Emami, B., Lyman, J., Brown, A., Cola, L., Goitein, M., Munzenrider, J. E., Shank, B., Solin, L. J., & Wesson, M.
Affiliations
  • Washington University in St. Louis (US)
  • Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
  • Harvard University (US)
  • Fox Chase Cancer Center (US)
  • Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
  • Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
Corresponding author
Emami, B.
Venue
International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1991-05
Volume
21
Issue
1
Pages
109-122
ISSN
0360-3016 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/0360-3016(91)90171-y
OpenAlex
W2097512974
Cited by
4,488
References
195
Citations by year
2026: 76 · 2025: 113 · 2024: 127 · 2023: 172 · 2022: 163 · 2021: 224 · 2020: 168 · 2019: 169 · 2018: 181 · 2017: 189 · 2016: 159 · 2015: 193 · 2014: 207 · 2013: 192 · 2012: 194
FWCI
3.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (n01cm047695-001, n01cm047696-002)
  • National Cancer Institute (N01 CM-47316, N01 CM-47695, N01 CM-47696)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Radiation › Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
Keywords
normal tissue tolerance, radiation dose limits, partial volume effect, 3D treatment planning, dose-volume constraints, radiation toxicity, organs at risk sparing
MeSH terms
Bone and Bones, Brain, Humans, Kidney, Lung, Neoplasms, Radiation Dosage, Radiation Tolerance, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted, Spinal Cord, Thyroid Gland

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