Gratitude and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among Chinese adolescents: direct, mediated, and moderated effects
Abstract
In a sample of 1252 Chinese adolescents (mean age = 15.00 years), this study examined the direct relations between gratitude and adolescents' suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. This study also examined indirect relations between gratitude and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts via two self-system beliefs--coping efficacy and self-esteem. Finally, this study examined the extent to which stressful life events moderated the direct and indirect relations between gratitude and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. The odds of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were lower among adolescents who scored higher on gratitude, after controlling for demographic variables. Self-esteem mediated the relations between gratitude and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, while the mediating role of coping efficacy was not significant. Moreover, stressful life events moderated the mediated path through self-esteem. This indirect effect was stronger for adolescents low on stressful life events than that for those high on stressful life events. This study discusses the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
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Low positive affect is a risk factor for suicidal behavior independent of negative affect and may be another mechanism leading to suicidal behavior.
“However, low positive affectivity may be a mechanism that contributes to adolescent suicidal ideation and behaviors independent of other risk factors.”
From Skills to Enhance Positivity in adolescents at risk for suicide: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as [18]
Gratitude is inversely associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in adolescents.
“In a cross-sectional study of over 1000 adolescents, the positive affect experience of gratitude, was inversely associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts [18].”
From Skills to Enhance Positivity in adolescents at risk for suicide: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as [18]
Increases in gratitude are linked to improved positive affect, life satisfaction, improved social relationships, and lower suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.
“Research has also linked increases in gratitude—the state of positive reflection and appreciation—to improved positive affect, life satisfaction, improved social relationships, as well as lower suicidal ideation and suicide attempts [22,23].”
From Feasibility and effectiveness of a web-based positive psychology program for youth mental health: Randomized controlled trial (2014) · cites this paper as [22]
Optimism, gratitude and other positive states have been associated with reductions in hopelessness, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, often independent of depression.
“Optimism, gratitude and other positive states have been associated with reductions in hopelessness, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, often independent of depression [10 -16].”
From Feasibility and utility of positive psychology exercises for suicidal inpatients (2014) · cites this paper as [13]
Prior work has linked gratitude to lower levels of depression, hopelessness and suicidal thoughts/attempts.
“prior work that has linked gratitude to lower levels of depression, hopelessness and suicidal thoughts/attempts [13,52 -56]”
From Feasibility and utility of positive psychology exercises for suicidal inpatients (2014) · cites this paper as [13]
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FACTORES PROTECTORES QUE PROMUEVEN LA RESILIENCIA ANTE EL SUICIDIO EN ADOLESCENTES Y JÓVENES
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- Authors
- Li, D., Zhang, W., Li, X., Li, N., & Ye, B.
- Affiliations
- South China Normal University (CN)
- State University of New York (US)
- Corresponding author
- Zhang, Wei
- Venue
- Journal of Adolescence
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-07-19
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 55-66
- ISSN
- 0140-1971 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9254
- OpenAlex
- W2076460106
- Cited by
- 241
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6
- FWCI
- 4.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Adolescence (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- South China Normal University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
- Keywords
- gratitude, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, adolescents, self-esteem, coping self-efficacy, life events, mediation, moderation, Chinese adolescents
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Psychology, Adolescent, China, Emotions, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Self Concept, Suicide, Attempted, Suicidal Ideation
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