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Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Plasma Lipids

Ferdowsian, Hope R., Barnard, Neal D.·2009·The American Journal of Cardiology

DOI 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.05.032

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Abstract

Dyslipidemia is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, and stroke. Current guidelines recommend diet as first-line therapy for patients with elevated plasma cholesterol concentrations. However, what constitutes an optimal dietary regimen remains a matter of controversy. Large prospective trials have demonstrated that populations following plant-based diets, particularly vegetarian and vegan diets, are at lower risk for ischemic heart disease mortality. The investigators therefore reviewed the published scientific research to determine the effectiveness of plant-based diets in modifying plasma lipid concentrations. Twenty-seven randomized controlled and observational trials were included. Of the 4 types of plant-based diets considered, interventions testing a combination diet (a vegetarian or vegan diet combined with nuts, soy, and/or fiber) demonstrated the greatest effects (up to 35% plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction), followed by vegan and ovolactovegetarian diets. Interventions allowing small amounts of lean meat demonstrated less dramatic reductions in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels. In conclusion, plant-based dietary interventions are effective in lowering plasma cholesterol concentrations.

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Authors: Ferdowsian, H. R., & Barnard, N. D.
Affiliations: George Washington University (US)
Corresponding author: Ferdowsian, Hope R.
ORCID: Ferdowsian, Hope R.
Barnard, Neal D.
Venue: The American Journal of Cardiology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2009-10
Volume: 104
Issue: 7
Pages: 947-956
ISSN: 0002-9149 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.05.032
OpenAlex: W1976331330
Cited by: 196
References: 73
Citations by year: 2025: 9 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 1.67
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: The American Journal of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
Keywords: plant-based diet, plasma lipids, dyslipidemia, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, vegetarian diet, vegan diet, dietary intervention, cardiovascular risk, nuts, soybean, dietary fiber
MeSH terms: Cardiovascular Diseases, Coronary Artery Disease, Female, Humans, Hyperlipidemias, Cholesterol, LDL, Male, Phytotherapy, Plants, Prognosis, Diet, Vegetarian, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome, Risk Assessment, Dietary Supplements

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Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Plasma Lipids

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