Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Soy Protein Intake on Serum Lipids
Open accessAbstract
Background In laboratory animals, the consumption of soy protein, rather than animal protein, decreases serum cholesterol concentrations, but studies in humans have been inconclusive. In this meta-analysis of 38 controlled clinical trials, we examined the relation between soy protein consumption and serum lipid concentrations in humans. Methods We used a random-effects model to quantify the average effects of soy protein intake on serum lipids in the studies we examined and used hierarchical mixed-effects regression models to predict variation as a function of the characteristics of the studies. Results In most of the studies, the intake of energy, fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol was similar when the subjects ingested control and soy-containing diets; soy protein intake averaged 47 g per day. Ingestion of soy protein was associated with the following net changes in serum lipid concentrations from the concentrations reached with the control diet: total cholesterol, a decrease of 23.2 mg per deciliter (0.60 mmol per liter); 95 percent confidence interval, 13.5 to 32.9 mg per deciliter [0.35 to 0.85 mmol per liter]), or 9.3 percent; low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, a decrease of 21.7 mg per deciliter (0.56 mmol per liter); 95 percent confidence interval, 11.2 to 31.7 mg per deciliter [0.30 to 0.82 mmol per liter]), or 12.9 percent; and triglycerides, a decrease of 13.3 mg per deciliter (0.15 mmol per liter; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.3 to 25.7 mg per decilit…
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Controlled feeding trials of the Portfolio dietary pattern demonstrated that each of the components had an LDL-C lowering effect of 5-10%.
“Controlled feeding trials of the portfolio dietary pattern demonstrated that each of the components had a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering effect of 5-10% [14][15][16][17][18] and that the effect was additive when combined as part of this dietary pattern.[8][9][10][11][12][13]”
From Portfolio Dietary Pattern and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Controlled Trials (2018) · cites this paper as [17]
The LDL-C lowering effect of 5-10% of each of the 4 core food components can be considered additive.
“These data provide confirmation that the LDL-C lowering effect of 5-10% [14][15][16][17][18] of each of the 4 core food components can be considered additive, [8][9][10][11][12][13]”
From Portfolio Dietary Pattern and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Controlled Trials (2018) · cites this paper as [17]
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- Authors
- Anderson, J. W., Johnstone, B. M., & Cook-Newell, M. E.
- Affiliations
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs (US)
- University of Kentucky (US)
- ORCID
- Anderson, James W.
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 1995-08-03
- Volume
- 333
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 276-282
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2333028705
- Cited by
- 2,048
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 43 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 72 · 2013: 59 · 2012: 60
- FWCI
- 11.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Keywords
- soy protein, serum lipids, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, dietary protein, cholesterol lowering
- MeSH terms
- Cholesterol, Dairy Products, Dietary Proteins, Female, Humans, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Male, Meat, Plant Proteins, Regression Analysis, Glycine max, Triglycerides
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